◆Unit 7

bygone [ 'baɪgɒn ]

常考 adj. 过时的；以前的 ： outmoded ; gone by; past

近义 antiquated, antique, archaic, dated, dowdy, fusty, old, old-fashioned, old-time, outdated, outmoded, out-of-date, passé, vintage

举例 bygone days/bygone styles 过去的日子/过时的风格

bypass [ 'baɪpɑ:s ]

常考1 v. 避开，绕开 ：to neglect or ignore usually intentionally; circumvent

近义 circumnavigate, circumvent, detour, go around, skirt

举例 A growing number of employers are trying to bypass the unions altogether.

越来越多的雇主试图完全绕过工会行事。

常考2 v. 忽视 ：to be heedless of; ignore

举例 bypassed standard office procedures忽视了办公室的工作规定

byword [ 'baɪwɜ:d ]

常考 n. （某一特征的）代名词，代表人物，典型事物 ：one that represents a type, class, or quality

近义 example, ideal, model, paragon, yardstick

举例 the Rolls-Royce brand name, a byword for quality

注意 byword出现在填空里，往往意味着要选同义词。

byzantine [ baɪ'zæntaɪn ]

常考 adj. 错综复杂的 ： highly complicated ; intricate and involved

近义 complex, complicated, convoluted, daedal, elaborate, intricate, involved, knotty, labyrinthine, tangled

举例 a bill to simplify the Byzantine tax structure

cache [ kæʃ ]

常考1 v. 隐藏，存贮 ：to hide or store in a cache

近义 bury, conceal, ensconce, hide, occult, secrete

举例 I cached the money in a biscuit tin.

我把钱藏在饼干盒里。

常考2 n. （隐藏的食物等的）贮存物 ：a supply stored or hidden for future use

近义 backlog, hoard, inventory, nest egg, reserve, reservoir, stock, stockpile, store, treasure

举例 an arms cache 贮藏的武器

cachet [ 'kæʃeɪ ]

常考1 n. 声望；威望 ： respect or admiration that somebody gets because of his reputation or his achievements

近义 distinction, prominence, importance, prestige, dignity

举例 Her success in business had earned her a certain cachet in society.

常考2 n. 识别标志（一种标志或特质，以表现区别、个性或真实性质） ： a mark or a quality , as of distinction, individuality, or authenticity

近义 stamp, feature, distinguishing mark, identification

举例 Federal courts have a certain cachet which state courts lack.

cacophonous [ kə'kɒfənəs ]

常考 adj. 声音刺耳的、令人不快的 ：having a harsh, unpleasant sound ; discordant

近义 harsh, grating, raucous

举例 The sound produced by the youth orchestra was cacophonous.

派生 cacophony[ kə'kɒf(ə)nɪ ] n. 不和谐的声音；刺耳的声音

cadge [ kædʒ ]

常考 v. 乞求；通过乞讨获取 ：to beg or get by begging

近义 beg, sponge

举例 cadge a free cup of coffee 乞讨到一杯咖啡

cajole [ kə'dʒəʊl ]

常考 v. 用甜言蜜语哄骗；劝诱；说服 ：to persuade with flattery or gentle urging especially in the face of reluctance; coax ； to deceive with soothing words or false promises

近义 blandish, coax, honey, wheedle

举例 She was cajoled into accepting a new contract.

注意 该词的搭配一般是：cajole sb. into doing sth.

calamity [ kə'læmətɪ ]

常考 n. 灾难；灾祸 ：an event that brings terrible loss, lasting distress, or severe affliction; a disaster

近义 cataclysm, catastrophe, disaster, tragedy

举例 A hurricane would be a calamity for this low-lying coastal region. gbLRHZbAukc+8v5qj+3QZ40LnMAS6+p5PzlehgUoO29Uwv1fpnKlayj86PSB3LDL