◆Unit 4

baffle [ 'bæfl ]

常考 v. 困惑，为难 ：to frustrate or check (a person) as by confusing or perplexing; stymie

近义 balk, check, checkmate, defeat, foil, frustrate, stymie, thwart

举例 It baffled me that he rejected my offer.

派生 baffling[ 'bæfl ] adj. 令人困惑的，令人不解的

bait [ beɪt ]

常考1 v. 嘲笑 ：to attack repeatedly with mean put-downs or insults

近义 tease, hassle, haze, heckle, needle, ride, taunt

举例 As the first woman to work in the mines, she was mercilessly baited by the men on her shift.

常考2 n./v. 引诱（尤指用圈套或计谋） ：an enticement; a temptation ; to entice , especially by trickery or strategy

近义 allure, beguile, betray, decoy, entice, lead on, seduce, solicit, tempt

举例 Plenty of people took the bait and lost their life savings.

bale [ beɪl ]

常考1 n. 痛苦；悲痛 ：mental suffering; anguish

举例 Relieve my spirit from the bale that bows it down.

从打击我的痛苦中解脱出来。

常考2 n. 灾祸 ：great evil

举例 tidings of bale she brought 她带来不幸的消息

baleful [ 'beɪlfl ]

常考1 adj. 凶兆的 ：being or showing a sign of evil or calamity to come

近义 foreboding, menacing, portentous, sinister, threatening

举例 a dark, baleful sky portending a tornado

常考2 adj. 有害的 ：causing or capable of causing harm

近义 adverse, deleterious, detrimental, nocuous

举例 contends that the violent content of so much of popular entertainment is a baleful influence on our society

常考3 adj. 致命的 ：likely to cause or capable of causing death

近义 fatal, killer, lethal, terminal, vital

举例 a medicine that is beneficial in small doses but baleful in large

balk [ bɔ:k ]

常考1 v. 阻碍，阻挠 ：to put obstacles in the way of; check or thwart

近义 baffle, check, checkmate, defeat, foil, frustrate, stymie, thwart

举例 a young man with big dreams who refused to be balked by the daily obstacles of his inner-city existence

常考2 v. 拒绝 ：to refuse obstinately or abruptly

举例 She balked at the very idea of compromise.

她固执地拒绝妥协的想法。

常考3 v. 畏缩；回避 ：if you balk at something, you definitely do not want to do it or to let it happen

举例 Even biology undergraduates may balk at animal experiments.

balky [ 'bɔ:lkɪ ]

常考 adj. 固执的，不听使唤的 ：refusing or likely to refuse to proceed, act, or function as directed or expected

近义 contrary, difficult, impossible, ornery, perverse, wayward

举例 They’ll also get Chris Mihm back shortly from his lengthy bout with a balky ankle.

在不久的未来，湖人还将迎来许久因膝伤缺席的米姆。

balloon [ bə'lu:n ]

常考 v. 激增，猛涨 ：to increase or rise quickly

近义 accelerate, boom, burgeon, multiply, proliferate, wax

举例 In London, the use of the Tube has ballooned.

在伦敦，坐地铁的人数激增。

注意 balloon作名词，其实就是“气球”的意思，“增加”是该词的动词。

balm [ bɑ:m ]

常考1 n. 芳香，令人愉快的香味 ：a sweet or pleasant smell

近义 aroma, incense, perfume, redolence, scent

举例 the balm of the restaurant’s backyard garden enhances the aura of romance

常考2 n. 安慰物，镇静物 ：a soothing, healing, or comforting agent or quality

举例 The place is balm to the soul.

这个地方能给灵魂带来慰藉。

派生 balmy[ 'bɑ:mɪ ] adj. 芳香的；能止痛的

banal [ bə'nɑ:l ]

常考 adj. 平庸的，陈腐的 ：lacking originality, freshness, or novelty; drearily commonplace and often predictable ; trite

近义 bromidic, clichéd, commonplace, corny, hackneyed, overworked, platitudinous, shopworn, stale, stereotyped, stereotypic, stereotypical, threadbare, timeworn, tired, trite, warmed-over, well-worn, worn-out

举例 The text is banal.

课文索然无味。

派生 banality[ bə'nælɪtɪ ] n. 乏味；陈词滥调

bane [ beɪn ]

常考 n. 祸根；苦恼之根 ： a cause of death, destruction, or ruin

近义 affliction, curse, evil, ill, plague, scourge, woe

举例 “Obedience. Bane of all genius, virtue, freedom, truth. Makes slaves of men”(Percy Shelley)

“顺从——那毁灭所有智慧、美德、自由、真理的根源，使人们沦为奴隶。”（珀西·雪莱）。

派生 baneful[ beɪnfʊl ] adj. 有害的；致命的 ROsmum6o95M+wWffYrxEtZAxcP1YAm2rWrF8CHAA20fPTqW7Vy7bGcPc2DWicp2w