◆Unit 3

avert [ ə'vɜ:t ]

常考1 v. 预防，阻止 ：to ward off (something about to happen); prevent

近义 forestall, obviate, preclude, prevent, rule out, stave off, ward (off)

举例 averted an accident by turning sharply 迅速转身以预防事故的发生

常考2 v. 避开，移开 ：to turn away or aside (as the eyes) in avoidance

近义 deflect, deviate, divert, pivot, shift, swing, turn, veer

举例 avert one’s eyes 移开某人的眼神

avid [ 'ævɪd ]

常考1 adj. 热衷的，酷爱的 ：marked by keen interest and enthusiasm

近义 agog, ardent, athirst, bursting, eager, impatient, keen, solicitous, thirsting, thirsty

举例 an avid sports fan 殷切的体育爱好者

常考2 adj. 渴望的，渴求的 ：having an ardent desire or unbounded craving; greedy

近义 acquisitive, avaricious, covetous, grasping, greedy, hungry

举例 avid for publicity 渴求出名

avoid [ ə'vɔɪd ]

常考1 v. 防止发生 ：to keep from happening

近义 avert, deflect, divert, obviate, prevent, ward (off); debar, exclude, preclude; forbid, prohibit

举例 avoid illness with rest and a balanced diet 以休息和平衡的饮食防止疾病

常考2 v. 远离；避开 ：to stay clear of; shun

近义 burke, bypass, circumvent, dodge, duck, elude, escape, eschew, evade, get around, shun

举例 She has been avoiding me.

她一直在回避我。

awe - inspiring [ ɔ:ɪn'spaɪərɪŋ ]

常考 adj. 使人惊叹的，令人敬畏的 ： extremely impressive in a way that makes you feel great respect

近义 amazing, awesome, awful, awing

举例 a museum with an awe-inspiring display of jewelry

axiom [ 'æksɪəm ]

常考 n. 公理，自明之理 ： an established rule or principle or a self-evident truth

近义 fundamental, law, principle, theorem, universal

举例 Archimedean axiom 阿基米德公理

axiomatic [ ˌæksɪə'mætɪk ]

常考 adj. 不证自明的，公理的 ：if something is axiomatic, it seems to be obviously true ; taken for granted

近义 aphoristic, self-evident

举例 It is almost axiomatic that many philosophers use scientific concepts as the foundations for their speculations.

backfire [ ˌbæk'faɪə(r) ]

常考 v. 事与愿违，适得其反 ：to have the reverse of the desired or expected effect; to have the opposite result to the one that was intended

举例 The President’s tactics could backfire.

总统的策略可能会适得其反。

backhanded [ ˌbæk'hædɪd ]

常考1 adj. 隐含讥讽的；有言外之意的 ：a backhanded remark or compliment seems to express praise or admiration but in fact is insulting

近义 artificial, insincere, counterfeit , double-faced, fake, feigned, hypocritical, phony two-faced, unctuous

举例 “Even my good reviews have tended to be backhanded compliments,” he says.“They’ll say I was good and almost unbearably grotesque.”

常考2 adj. 拐弯抹角的；间接的 ：if you say that someone is doing something in a backhanded way , they are doing it indirectly

近义 oblique , roundabout, indirect, devious

举例 In a backhanded way, I think a lot of my energy and strength comes from my campaigning.

我觉得我的活力和力量很多都间接来自于我的竞选运动。

backslide [ 'bækslaɪd ]

常考 v. 故态复萌，倒退 ：to revert to a worse condition; retrogress

近义 lapse, regress, relapse, retrogress, revert

举例 My diet was going well but I’m afraid I’ve been backsliding a bit recently.

badger [ 'bædʒə(r) ]

常考 v. 纠缠；对……软磨硬泡 ：to harry or pester persistently

近义 bedevil, beleaguer, beset, besiege, harass, harry, hound, importune, pester, plague, solicit

举例 They kept phoning and writing, badgering me to go back. IMhiitMpnCy5aJl39dB69VV09IbW6IWERtCKaXreGnDJKshejze3IhPVRsqrjt+E