◆Unit 8

archaic [ ɑ:'keɪɪk ]

常考1 adj. 古代的 ：of relating to, or characteristic of an earlier or more primitive time

近义 age-old, ancient, antediluvian, antiquated, antique, hoary, old, olden, old-time, timeworn, venerable

举例 an archaic bronze statuette 一种相当古老的青铜小雕像

常考2 adj. 过时的，陈旧的 ： no longer current or applicable

近义 obsolete, outmoded, outdated, antiquated, anachronistic

举例 archaic laws 已不使用的法律

archetypal [ ˌɑ:kɪ'taɪpl ]

常考 adj. 原型的，典型的 ：the original pattern or model of which all things of the same type are representations or copies

近义 archetypical, classic, classical, model, paradigmatic, prototypal, prototypic, prototypical, quintessential, representative, typical

举例 Cricket is the archetypal English game.

板球是典型的英格兰运动。

ardor [ 'ɑ:də(r) ]

常考 n. 热情，热心 ： strong enthusiasm or devotion; zeal

近义 enthusiasm, fervor, fire, passion, zeal, zealousness

举例 His ardor was undamped.

他的热情并未消减。

arduous [ 'ɑ:djʊəs ]

常考1 adj. 艰巨的，费力的 ：hard to accomplish or achieve; marked by great labor or effort

近义 backbreaking, burdensome, demanding, difficult, effortful, exacting, exigent, formidable, hard, heavy, laborious, onerous, oppressive, rigorous, rough, severe, taxing, tough, trying, weighty

举例 an arduous and exhausting war 一次艰难而令人疲惫不堪的战争

常考2 adj. 困难的 ：hard to accomplish or achieve; difficult

近义 difficult, hard, laborious, serious, tall, tough, uphill

举例 The task was more arduous than he had calculated.

arid [ 'ærɪd ]

常考1 adj. 乏味的，缺乏兴趣的 ： lacking interest or feeling; lifeless and dull

近义 bromidic, dry, dull, dusty, insipid, tedious, uninteresting, wearisome

举例 a technically perfect but arid musical performance

常考2 adj. 干旱的；不毛的 ：excessively dry ; having insufficient rainfall to support agriculture

举例 new strains of crops that can withstand arid conditions

arresting [ ə'restɪŋ ]

常考 adj. 引人注目的 ：attracting and holding the attention; striking

近义 bold, conspicuous, eye-catching, marked, noticeable, observable, outstanding, pointed, prominent, pronounced, remarkable, salient, signal, striking

举例 The most arresting feature is the painted wall decoration.

arrogant [ 'ærəgənt ]

常考 adj. 傲慢的；自负的 ：making or disposed to make claims to unwarranted importance or consideration out of overbearing pride

近义 haughty, high-and-mighty, insolent, lofty, lordly, overbearing, overweening, prideful, proud, supercilious, superior

举例 It’s arrogant of you to assume you’ll win every time.

派生 arrogance[ ærəgəns ] n. 傲慢，自大

artful [ 'ɑ:tfl ]

常考1 adj. 巧妙的，灵活的 ：using or characterized by art and skill; dexterous

近义 adroit, deft, dexterous, skillful

举例 The furniture is an artful blend of antiques and reproductions.

常考2 adj. 狡猾的（能巧妙实现目的） ：skillful in accomplishing a purpose, especially by the use of cunning or craft

近义 crafty, cunning, foxy, guileful, scheming, sharp, sly, tricky, wily

举例 He’s an artful devil!

他诡计多端！

派生 artfulness[ 'ɑ:tfəlnəs ] n. 狡猾；灵活

articulate [ ɑ:'tɪkjʊleɪt ]

常考1 adj. 善于表达的，表达清晰的 ：expressing oneself readily, clearly, or effectively

近义 eloquent, silver-tongued, smooth-spoken

举例 an articulate essay 清晰有力的论文

常考2 adj. 发音清晰的，清楚的 ：composed of distinct, meaningful syllables or words, as human speech

举例 A baby cannot use articulate speech.

婴儿发音不清晰。

artifact [ 'ɑ:təfækt ]

常考 n. 人工制品，史前古器物 ：something created by humans especially an object remaining from a particular period

举例 caves containing prehistoric artifacts带有史前古器物的洞穴 JX/mFNTgMMbhtCc7sBuwc2mbwlQVl+qX1JR4lsgUKjwjHJNmuu2L+ayRy8zRoBcn