下载掌阅APP，畅读海量书库
立即打开
在弗洛伊德案的庭审中，医疗专家作证称，弗洛伊德死于“缺氧”，前警察肖万跪压在其颈部是主要因素之一。
Photo credit:FTChinese
全文共 597 个词，by Claire Bushey in Chicago
George Floyd died from a “low level of oxygen” after Derek Chauvin knelt on his neck, a medical expert testified on Thursday in the trial of the former police officer charged with the Minneapolis man's murder.
乔治·弗洛伊德（George Floyd）在德里克·肖万（Derek Chauvin）跪在其颈部后死于“缺氧”，一名医学专家在这名前警察的庭审中如是说。肖万被指控谋杀了明尼阿波利斯市的弗洛伊德。
One of the central questions in the trial, which has received global attention, is whether Chauvin caused Floyd's death when he knelt on his neck for approximately nine minutes, or whether it was caused by a heart arrhythmia after Floyd ingested drugs, as the defence has asserted.
此次庭审受到全球关注，其核心问题之一是，弗洛伊德是死于肖万跪压在其颈部上约 9 分钟，还是如辩护方声称的那样，死于其吸食毒品后的心律失常。
Photo credit:Getty Images
Dr Martin Tobin, a Chicago pulmonologist, took to the stand on Thursday morning to testify on behalf of the prosecution, telling jurors that Floyd died from “a low level of oxygen”.
芝加哥肺科医生马丁·托宾（Martin Tobin）周四上午代表检方出庭作证，他告诉陪审团，弗洛伊德死于“缺氧”。
“This caused damage to his brain that we see, and it also cause a [pulseless electrical activity] arrhythmia that caused his heart to stop,” he said. “The cause of the low-level of oxygen was shallow breathing.”
“这对他的大脑造成我们可以看见的损伤，还引起了（无脉电活动）心律失常，这导致他心跳停止。”托宾表示，“缺氧的原因是呼吸微弱。”
Photo credit:Getty Images
On cross-examination defence attorney Eric Nelson quizzed Tobin on multiple scientific points, with the doctor sometimes correcting him. Nelson tried to suggest that fentanyl could cause death through low oxygen to the brain. Tobin acknowledged that could happen, but not in the manner that he had observed with Floyd.
在交叉询问环节，辩方律师埃里克·纳尔逊（Eric Nelson）就几个科学疑点向托宾医生提问，后者有时会纠正他。纳尔逊试图暗示，芬太尼可能引发脑部缺氧并导致死亡。托宾承认这是有可能的，但这不符合他在弗洛伊德的尸检中观察到的情况。
Chauvin and three other officers arrested Floyd on May 25 for allegedly using a counterfeit $20 bill. A bystander filmed Chauvin pinning a handcuffed Floyd to the ground with a knee on his neck and posted it online. Floyd's death was seen as a symbol for how black Americans are treated by the police and set off protests worldwide against racial injustice.
去年 5 月 25 日，肖万和其他三名警察逮捕弗洛伊德，理由是他涉嫌使用一张 20 美元假钞。肖万将戴着手铐的弗洛伊德压在地面上，膝盖跪在后者颈部，这一过程被一名旁观者录下并发布在网络上。弗洛伊德之死被视为警察如何对待美国黑人的象征，并引发全球范围内反对种族不公的抗议。
In a country where officers are seldom convicted in on-duty killings, Chauvin has pleaded not guilty to charges of second- and third-degree murder, as well as manslaughter.
美国的警察很少因执勤杀人而被定罪。肖万对二级和三级谋杀、以及过失杀人的指控做无罪辩护。
The video is now a crucial piece of evidence for prosecutors. They also have placed other Minneapolis police officers, including Medaria Arradondo, department chief, on the stand in an attempt to demonstrate that Chauvin used more force to subdue Floyd than department policy allowed.
现在，上述视频成为检方的一项关键证据。检方还传召其他明尼阿波利斯警察——包括明尼阿波利斯警察局长梅达里亚·阿拉东多（Medaria Arradondo）——出庭作证，试图证明肖万在制服弗洛伊德时使用的武力超出警察局政策允许的范围。
Nelson said in his opening statement that Chauvin followed his training, and attempted to sow doubts with jurors about what actually caused Floyd's death. The US legal system says a criminal defendant,presumed innocent, can be convicted only if prosecutors prove their case “beyond a reasonable doubt”.
纳尔逊在开场陈述中说肖万遵循了他所受的训练，并试图让陪审团怀疑弗洛伊德的真正死因。美国法律系统规定，在刑事案件中，只有控方对案件的证明达到“排除合理怀疑”的程度，被告才能被定罪，否则会被推定为无罪。
Photo credit:Getty Images
But Tobin said the main factors that caused Floyd's shallow breathing include that he was lying face down, wearing handcuffs, and that Chauvin had one knee on his neck and another knee on his back.
但托宾表示，导致弗洛伊德呼吸微弱的主要因素包括他趴卧在地上，戴着手铐以及肖万的一个膝盖压在他的颈部，另一个膝盖压在他的背部。
Prosecutors showed an image from the video where the toe of Chauvin's boot is not touching the ground.
检方出示了视频的一张截图，显示肖万警靴的脚趾部分没有触碰地面。
“That means all of his body weight is being directed down at Mr Floyd's neck,” Tobin said.
托宾说：“这意味着他的体重完全压在弗洛伊德的脖子上。”