表5-3 椎-基底动脉系统及其分支血管

续表

1．椎动脉 vertebral artery；2．基底动脉 basilar artery；3．小脑前下动脉 anterior inferior cerebellar artery；4．短回旋动脉short circumferential artery；5．长回旋动脉 long circumferential artery；6．小脑上动脉 superior cerebellar artery；7．大脑后动脉 posterior cerebral artery；8．后交通动脉 posterior communicating artery；9．颈内动脉 internal carotid artery；10．大脑中动脉middle cerebral artery；11．大脑前动脉 anterior cerebral artery；12．颞下前动脉 inferior anterior temporal artery；13．颞下中动脉inferior middle temporal artery；14．颞下后动脉 inferior posterior temporal artery

图5-13 基底动脉及其分支侧面观

1．基底动脉尖端 apex of the basilar artery；2．大脑后动脉 P1段 posterior cerebral artery P1 segment；3．小脑上动脉 superior cerebellar artery；4．后交通动脉 posterior communicating artery；5．颈内动脉 internal carotid artery；6．基底动脉 basilar artery；7．椎动脉主干 vertebral artery；8．小脑前下动脉 anterior inferior cerebellar artery；9．大脑后动脉 P2段 posterior cerebral artery P2 segment

图5-14 基底动脉及其分支正面观

1．椎动脉主干 vertebral artery；2．小脑后下动脉 posterior inferior cerebellar artery；3．脊髓前动脉 anterior spinal artery；4．舌咽神经 glossopharyngeal nerve；5．迷走神经 vagal nerve；6．副神经 accessory nerve；7．舌下神经 hypoglossal nerve

图5-15 椎动脉侧面观

1．椎动脉 vertebral artery；2．基底动脉 basilar artery；3．小脑前下动脉 anterior inferior cerebellar artery；4．长回旋动脉 long circumferential artery；5．脊髓前动脉 anterior spinal artery；6．蛛网膜小梁 arachnoid trabeculae

图5-16 椎动脉正面观

1．小脑后下动脉 posterior inferior cerebellar artery；2．小脑后下动脉延髓前段 medulla oblongata front segment of PICA；3．小脑后下动脉延髓侧段 medulla oblongata side segment of PICA；4．小脑扁桃体延髓段 tonsil medulla segment；5．延髓支 medullary branch；6．第四脑室脉络丛支 branch to choroid plexus of fourth ventricle；7．半球支 hemispheric branch；8．下蚓支 inferior vermal branch

图5-17 小脑后下动脉侧面观

1．小脑后下动脉下襻 inferior loop of PICA；2．延髓支 medullary branch；3．小脑扁桃体支 tonsil branch；4．半球支 hemispheric branch；5．下蚓支 inferior vermal branch；6．第四脑室脉络丛支 branch to choroid plexus of fourth ventricle

图5-18 小脑后下动脉背面观

1．小脑上动脉 superior cerebellar artery；2．大脑后动脉 P1段posterior cerebral artery P1 segment；3．大脑后动脉 P2段 posterior cerebral artery P2 segment；4．基底动脉尖端 apex of the basilar artery；5．基底动脉 basilar artery；6．脑桥支 pontine branch；7．丘脑穿通动脉 thalamic perforating artery；8．中央内侧动脉 central medial artery；9．后交通动脉 posterior communicating artery；10．乳头体 mammillary body；11．蛛网膜小梁 arachnoid trabeculae；12．动眼神经 oculomotor nerve

图5-19 大脑后动脉、小脑上动脉起始段

1．小脑上动脉 superior cerebellar artery；2．大脑后动脉 P2段 posterior cerebral artery P2 segment；3．脉络膜后内侧动脉 medial posterior choroidal artery；4．小脑上动脉穿支 superior cerebellar perforating branch of SCA；5．滑车神经 trochlear nerve；6．动眼神经 oculomotor nerve

图5-20 大脑后动脉、小脑上动脉环池段

1．小脑上动脉 superior cerebellar artery；2．小脑前下动脉 anterior inferior cerebellar artery；3．大脑后动脉 P2段 posterior cerebral artery P2 segment；4．半球支 hemispheric branch；5．丘脑穿通动脉 thalamic perforating artery；6．后交通动脉 posterior communicating artery；7．迷路动脉 labyrinthine artery；8．滑车神经 trochlear nerve；9．动眼神经 oculomotor nerve；10．三叉神经 trigeminal nerve；11．面神经、前庭蜗神经 facial nerve and auditory nerve；12．小脑半球 cerebellar hemisphere；13．脑桥 pons

图5-21 小脑上动脉走行

1．小脑上动脉半球支 hemispheric branch of SCA；2．小脑上动脉上蚓支 superior vermal branch of SCA；3．脑桥 pons；4．横窦transverse sinus；5．窦汇 confluence of sinuses

图5-22 小脑上动脉皮质支

1．丘脑纹状体动脉 thalamostriate artery；2．脉络膜后内侧动脉 medial posterior choroidal artery；3．四叠体动脉 quadrigeminal artery；4．顶枕动脉 parieto occipital artery；5．距状沟动脉 calcarine sulcus artery；6．颞下后动脉 inferior posterior temporal artery；7．颞下中动脉 inferior middle temporal artery；8．颞下前动脉 anterior inferior temporal artery；9．胼胝体压部 splenium of corpus callosum；

P1~P4. 大脑后动脉P1~P4段 posterior cerebral artery P1~P4 segment

图5-23 大脑后动脉内侧面观

1．脉络膜后外侧动脉 lateral posterior choroidal artery；2．脉络膜后内侧动脉 medial posterior choroidal artery；3．颞下后动脉inferior posterior temporal artery；4．颞下中动脉 inferior middle temporal artery；5．颞下前动脉 inferior anterior temporal artery；6．颞叶 temporal lobe；7．额叶底部 frontal bottom；8．嗅束 olfactory tract

图5-24 大脑后动脉底面观

1．小脑后下动脉 posterior inferior cerebellar artery；2．小脑后下动脉上襻 superior loop of PICA；3．小脑后下动脉下襻 inferior loop of PICA；4．小脑后下动脉皮质支 cortical branch of PICA；5．迷路动脉* labyrinthine artery；6．椎动脉 vertebral artery；7．脑桥动脉短旋支 short circumflex branch；8．基底动脉 basilar artery；9．脑桥动脉长旋支 long circumflex branch；10．小脑上动脉 superior cerebellar artery；11．小脑上动脉半球支 hemispheric branch of SCA；12．大脑后动脉 posterior cerebral artery；13．颞下前动脉 anterior inferior temporal artery；14．颞下中动脉 inferior middle temporal artery；15．颞下后动脉 inferior posterior temporal artery；16．脉络膜后内侧动脉 medial posterior choroidal artery；17．脉络膜后外侧动脉 lateral posterior choroidal artery；18．距状沟动脉 calcarine sulcus artery

注：此标本迷路动脉起自小脑后下动脉

图5-25 小脑后下动脉、大脑上动脉、大脑后动脉走行总览 iZ9KNx+wQlCXrC9ACvoFWMWttXATcKbnoOO2klqxdcG1vP+qXPRXiQvjXe8TvpG/