参考文献

1.Hertel R，Hempfing A，Stiehler M，et al. Predictors of humeral head ischeia after intracapsular fracture of the proximal hemerus. J Shoulder Elbow Surg，2004，13（4）：427-433.

2.Gardner MJ，Weil Y，Barker JU，et al. The impertance of medial support in locked plating of proximal humerus fractures. J Orthop trauma，2007，21（3）：185-191.

3.Lill H，Hepp P，Korner J，et al. Proximal humeral fractures：how stiff should an implant be ？Acomprarative mechanical study with new implants in humam specimens. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg，2003，123（2-3）：74-81.

4.Oesterhoff G，Baumgartner D，Faver P，et al. Medial support by fibula bone graft in angular stable plant fi xation of proximal humeral fractures：an in vitor study with synthetic bone. J Shoulder Elbow Surg，2011，20（5）：740-746.

5.Osterhoff G，Ossendorf C，Wanner GA，et al. The calcar screw in angular stable plate fixation of proximal humeral fractures—a case study. J Orthop Surg Res，2011，6 ：50.

6.Russo R，Cautiero F，Ciccarelli M，et al. Reconstruction of unstable，complex proximal humeral fractures with the da Vinci cage：surgical technique and outcome at 2 to 6 years. J Shoulder Elbow Surg，2013，22（3）：422-431.

7.Neviaser AS，Hettrich CM，Beamer BS，et al. Endosteal strut augment reduces complications associated with proximal humeral locking plates. Clin Orthop Relat Res，2011，469（12）：3300-3306.

8.Warriner AH，Patkar NM，Curtis JR，et al. Which fractures are most attributable to osteoporosis？ J Clin Epidemiol，2011，64（1）：46-53.

9.Roux A，Decroocq L，E1 Batfi S，et al. Epidemiology of proximal humerus fractures managed in a trauma center. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res，2012，98（6）：715-719.

10.Thalhammer G，Platzer P，Oberleitner G，et al. Angular stable fixation of proximal humeral fractures. J Trauma，2009，66（1）：204-210.

11.Sproul RC，Iyengar JJ，Devcic Z，et al. A systematic review of locking plate fi xation of proximal humerus fractures. Injury，2011，42（4）：408-413.

12.Owsley KC，Gorczyca JT. Fracture displacement and screw cutout after open reduction and locked plate fi xation of proximal humeral fractures. J Bone Joint Surg Am，2008，90（2）：233-240.

13.Krappinger D，Roth T，Gschwentner M，et al. Preoperative assessment of the cancellous bone mineral density of the proximal humerus using CT data. Skeletal Radiol，2012，41（3）：299-304.

14.Krappinger D，Bizzotto N，Riedmann S，et al. Predicting failure after surgical fi xation of proximal humerus fractures. Injury，2011，42（11）：1283-1288.

15.Gardner MJ，Weil Y，Barker JU，et al. The importance of medial support in locked plating of proximal humerus fractures. J Orthop Trauma，2007，21（3）：185-191.

16.Gardner MJ，Boraiah S，Helfet DL，et al. Indirect medial reduction and strut support of proximal humerus fractures using an endosteal implant. J Orthop Trauma，2008，22（3）：195-200.

17.Neer CS 2nd. Displaced proximal humeral fractures. I. Classification and evaluation. J Bone Joint Surg Am，1970，52（6）：1077-1089.

18.Jeong J，Bryan J，Iannotti JP. Effect of a variable prostheticneck-shaft angle and the surgical technique on replication of normal humeral anatomy. J Bone Joint Surg Am，2009，91（8）：1932-1941.

19.Acklin YP，Stoffel K，Sommer C. A prospective analysis of the functional and radiological outcomes of minimally invasive plating in proximal humerus fractures. Injury，2013，44（4）：456-460.

20.曾浪清，陈云丰，刘燕洁，等.内侧柱支撑重建在锁定钢板治疗成人肱骨近端骨折中的临床意义.中华创伤骨科杂志，2012，14（7）：561-565.

21.姜保国，张殿英，付中国，等.肱骨近端骨折的治疗建议 .中华创伤骨科杂志，2011，13（1）：55-59.

22.Mathison C，Chaudhary R，Beaupre L，et al. Biomechanical analysis of proximal humeral fixation using locking plate fi xation with an in tramedullary fi bular allograf l. Clin Biomech（Bristol，Avon），2010，25（7）：642-646.

23.Chow RM，Begum F，Beaupre LA，et al. Proximal humeral fracture fixation：locking plate construct±intramedullary fi bular allograft. J Shoulder Elbow Surg，2012，21（7）：894-901.

24.Neviaser AS，Hettrich CM，Beamer BS，et al. Endosteal strut augment reduces complications associated with proximal humeral locking plates. Clin Orthop Relat Res，2011，469（12）：3300-3306.

25.Matassi F，Angeloni R，Carulli C，et al. Locking plate and fi bular allograft augmentation in unstable fractures of proximal humerus. Injury，2012，43（11）：1939-1942.

26.Chen H，Ji X，Gao Y，et al. Comparison of intramedullary fibular allograft with locking compression plate versus shoulder hemi-arthroplasty for repair of osteoporotic four-part proximal humerus fracture：Consecutive，prospective，controlled，and comparative study. Orthop Traumato Surg Res，2016，102（3）：287-292.

27.Hinds RM，Garner MR，Tran WH，et al. Geriatric proximal humeral fracture patients show similar clinical outcomes to non-geriatric patients after osteosynthesis with endosteal fi bular strut allograft augmentation. J Shoulder Elbow Surg，2015，24（6）：889-896.

28.孙琦，巩金鹏，聂小羊，等.内侧支撑辅助固定肱骨近端骨折的策略.中华创伤骨科杂志，2016，18（7）：641-644.

29.Ajay Pal Singh，Arun Pal Singh. Coronal shear fractures of distal humerus：Diagnostic and treatment protocols. World J Orthop，2015，6（11）：867-876. ANrEGn+JZVmOOeW6JfZtPnIutt7NOeFebKyB1FPVhe0W1VePiPspJgXnlZp/ONWM