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List 5

caste [kæst] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

n. a division of society based on differences of wealth, inherited rank or privilege, profession, occupation, or race 社会等级

原指印度教限制社会成员职业的世袭制的社会制度,后泛指“社会等级”

社会等级

castigate ['kæstɪɡeɪt] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

v. to subject to severe punishment, reproof, or criticism 严厉指责;严惩

cast:纯净→纯洁[唯心] -ate:动词后缀,“使……”。原指“通过纠正和责备来使之内心纯洁”,后侧重于“严厉指责”

严厉指责

casual ['kæʒʊəl] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

adj. occurring without regularity; occasional 偶然发生的

adj. done without serious intent or commitment 随意去做的

cas:机会;意外 -al:形容词后缀。“意外的”→“偶然发生的”“有机会的”→“随意去做”。 case:情况 [根]

偶然的

casualty ['kæʒʊəltɪ] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

n. serious or fatal accident; disaster 严重事故

n. person who is killed or injured in war or in an accident 伤亡人员

cas:机会;意外 -al:形容词后缀 -ty:名词后缀。“意外”→“严重事故”→“伤亡人员”。 case:情况 [根]

意外发生的严重事故、伤亡等

catalog ['kætəlɒg] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

n. a list of things such as the goods you can buy from a company, the objects in a museum, or the books in a library 目录

cata-:完全 log(ue)=loqu:说。“详细地列出”→“目录”。dialogue:对话 [根]

详细列出

categorical [ˌkætə'ɡɔːrɪkl] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

adj. absolute; unqualified 无条件限制的;绝对的;没有例外的

cate-=cata-:表示否定 gor:声明→要求 -ic:形容词后缀 -al:形容词后缀。“没有要求的”→“无条件限制的”→“绝对的”“没有例外的”

绝对的,完全的

category ['kætəɡɒrɪ] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

n. a class or group of things in a complete system of grouping 种类,类别

cate-:向下 gor:演讲 -y:名词后缀。“向下演讲”→“做陈述”→“按照逻辑做分析”→“区分”“种类”

完全地说出,按照逻辑全面地说,分类地说

cater ['keɪtər] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

v. to provide food and services, esp. at social functions 满足需求

v. to provide what is needed or desired by sb.投合;迎合

cat=cap:持 -er:动词后缀。“持有”→“提供服务”“满足需求”→“投合”。capability:容量;才能 [根]

满足需求类概念

caterpillar ['kætərpɪlər] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

n. the elongated wormlike larva of a butterfly or moth 毛毛虫;蝴蝶的幼虫

cater:毛茸茸的毛 pill:毛 -ar:名词后缀。“毛茸茸的”→“毛毛虫”→“幼虫”。cater:迎合 [根]

毛毛虫

cathedral [kə'θiːdrəl] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

n. a church that is the official seat of a diocesan bishop 主教教堂

ca-:向下 thedr=sed:坐 -al:名词后缀。“可以坐下的”→“(主教的)座位”→“主教教堂”

总教堂,重要的

catholic ['kæθlɪk] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

adj. comprehensive; universal 普遍的;广泛的

adj. broad in sympathies, tastes, or interests 包容的;宽容的

cat-:表示加强 hol:总体-ic:形容词后缀。“总体上的”→“普遍的”;“总体上的”→“宽广的”→“包容的”。whole:全部 [根]

由天主教引申出来的遍天下的,神爱全人类的

caution ['kɔːʃn] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

n. being careful to avoid danger or mistakes; prudence 小心,谨慎

v. to warn (sb.) to be careful 警告

caut:小心 -ion:名词后缀。“小心谨慎”→“警告”

小心谨慎类概念

cautious ['kɔːʃəs] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

adj. showing or having caution; careful 谨慎的

caut:小心 -ous:名词后缀。“小心的”“谨慎的”。caution:小心 [根]

小心谨慎的

cavity ['kævətɪ] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

n. a hollowed-out space (牙齿等的)洞;腔

cav:空 -ity:名词后缀。“空的”→“洞”“腔”。cave:洞穴 [根]

cease [siːs] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

v. to come or bring (sth.) to an end; stop 停止;中止

ceas:离开。“离开”→“撤回”“放弃”→“中止”

停止、终止类概念

cellar ['selər] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

n. an underground room for storing things 地窖

n. a store of wine belonging to a person, restaurant etc. 酒窖

cell:隐藏 -ar:名词后缀。“隐藏起来的地方”→“地窖”“酒窖”。cell:细胞 [根]

房间类概念

cellular ['seljələr] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

adj. of, relating to, or consisting of cells 细胞的

adj. containing cavities; having a porous texture 蜂窝式的

cell:细胞 -ular:形容词后缀,表示“似……形状的”“有……性质的”。“蜂窝形状的”→“细胞的”。cell:细胞 [根]

小房间样子的

censure ['senʃər] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

n. the act of blaming or condemning sternly 指责;谴责

v. to find fault with and criticize as blameworthy 指责;批评

v. to estimate, judge 评估

cens:判断 -ure:抽象名词后缀,表示行为、结果、状态。“评估”→“批评”→“指责”

批评,指责

census ['sensəs] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

n. official counting of a country’s population or of other classes of things 人口普查

cens:评估 -us:名词后缀。“评估”→“人口普查”

统计类的普查、调查

ceramic [sə'ræmɪk] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

n. objects made of clay, porcelain, etc. 陶瓷制品

adj. of or relating to pottery 陶瓷的

ceram:陶瓷 -ic:形容词、名词后缀。“陶瓷的”“陶瓷制品”

陶瓷及其制品类概念

cereal ['sɪrɪəl] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

n. any of various types of grass producing edible grains 谷类植物

n. grain produced by such a grass 谷物

n. (any of various types of) food made from the grain of cereals 谷类食物

cere:谷物 -al:名词后缀。“谷物”,来源于谷物女神Ceres

谷物类概念

cerebral [sə'riːbrəl] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

adj. of or relating to the brain or the intellect 大脑的;智力的

cerebr:脑 -al:形容词后缀。“大脑的”“智力的”。cerebrum:大脑 [根]

大脑的,理智的

certificate [sər'tɪfɪkət] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

n. an official written or printed statement that may be used as proof or evidence of certain facts 证明;证明书

cert:确信 fic:做 ate:名词后缀。“确信”→“证明书”。certain:确定的 [根]

证明、证书类概念

certitude ['sɜːrtɪtuːd] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

n. the state of being or feeling certain 确定无疑

cert:确信 -itude:抽象名词后缀,表示性质、状态。“确信无疑”。certain:确实的 [根]

确定无疑的状态

cessation [se'seɪʃn] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

n. a temporary or final ceasing (as of action); stop 终止;暂停

ced=ceed=cess:走,去 -ation:名词后缀。“走掉”→“终止”“暂停”。process:进程 [根]

停止不走

chamber ['tʃeɪmbər] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

n. a room, esp. a bedroom 房间

chamb:小房子 -er:名词后缀。“小房子”→“房间”“心室”

房间类概念

character ['kærəktər] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

n. mental or moral qualities that make a person, group, nation 品质

n. a person in a novel, play, etc. 人物

n. a letter, sign or mark used in a system of writing or printing 字符

charact:刻印 -er:名词后缀。“刻印(符号、小人)”→“人物”“字符”→“特性”

特征、字符类概念

charitable ['tʃærətəbl] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

adj. full of love for and goodwill toward others; benevolent 行善的

adj. liberal in benefactions to the needy; generous 仁爱的

charit:仁慈 -able:形容词后缀,“能够……的”。“仁爱的”“行善的”

仁爱慈善的

charity ['tʃærətɪ] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

n. a society or organization for helping the needy 慈善团体

n. loving kindness towards others 慈善

n. giving money, food, help, etc. to the needy 施舍

char=car:关心 -ity:名词后缀。“关心”→“慈爱”“慈善”“施舍”。careful:细心的 [根]

慈悲、仁慈类概念

charm [tʃɑːrm] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

n. the power of pleasing, fascinating or attracting people; attractiveness 魅力

n. an object worn because it is believed to protect the wearer and bring good luck 护身符

n. the act or words believed to have magic power; magic spell 咒语

v. to please, fascinate or attract; delight 迷住

charm=chant=cant:唱。“唱”→“咒语”→“吸引”“迷住”→“魅力”。Enchantress:魅惑魔女(游戏《DotA》中的小鹿) [根]

咒语,引申为吸引类的概念

chart [tʃɑːrt] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

n. a detailed map used to help navigation at sea, showing coasts, rocks, the depth of the sea, etc. 航海图

n. a map, diagram, graph or table giving clear information 图表

v. to make a chart of (sth.) 绘制图表

chart=card:卡片。“卡片”→“地图”。discard:抛弃 [根]

图表类概念

charter ['tʃɑːrtər] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

n. a written instrument or contract (as a deed) executed in due form 合同

n. a special privilege, immunity, or exemption 特权;豁免权

chart:文件 -er:名词后缀,表示人或物。“文件”→“合同”→“特权”“豁免权”。chart:图表 [根]

上面有给予权利认可、认证的纸张

chemosynthesis [ˌkeməʊ'sɪnθəsɪs] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

n. synthesis of organic compounds (as in living cells) by energy derived from inorganic chemical reactions 化学合成

chemo-:化学的 syn-:共同 thes:放置 -is:名词后缀。synthesis:放在一起→合成。“化学合成”

化学合成

chill [tʃɪl] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

n. unpleasant coldness in the air, in the body, in water 寒冷

v. to make (sb./sth.) cold 使感到冷

chill:冷。“冷”→“使变冷”“寒冷”

寒冷类

chip [tʃɪp] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

n. thin piece cut or broken off from wood, stone, china, glass, etc. 碎片

chip:切碎。“切碎”→“碎片”“薄片”

薄片类概念

cholesterol [kə'lestərɔːl] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

n. a substance found in blood, fat and most tissues of the body 胆固醇

chole:胆汁 sterol:固定。“胆固醇”

胆固醇

chord [kɔːrd] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

n. (in music) a combination of notes usually sounded together in harmony 和弦

n. a straight line that joins two points on the circumference of a circle or the ends of an arc 弦

v. to do or say something that people feel is familiar or true 触动心弦

chord=cord:绳。“弦”“和弦”→“心弦”。accord:一致 [根]

线、绳、弦类概念

chronic ['krɑːnɪk] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

adj. marked by long duration or frequent recurrence; not acute 慢性的;复发的

adj. being such habitually 习惯性的

chron:时间 -ic:形容词后缀。“长时间的”→“慢性的”→“复发的”;“长时间的”→“习惯性的”。Cronos:克洛诺斯(希腊神话中宙斯之父,害怕子女反抗自己,曾吞食自己的后代,就像无情的时间一样,吞噬一切) [根]

消耗时间长的,慢性的

chronological [ˌkrɑːnə'lɑːdʒɪkl] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

adj. of, relating to, or arranged in or according to the order of time 按年代顺序排列的

chron(o):时间 -logy=-logi:名词后缀 -ic:形容词后缀 -al:形容词后缀。“按照时间顺序的”

按年代顺序排列的

circuit ['sɜːrkɪt] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

n. a line, route or journey round a place 圈

n. the complete path along which an electric current flows 电路

circ:圆圈 it:走→绕。“绕圈”→“电流形成环路”→“电路”。circle:圆圈 [根]

转圈、循环类概念

circulate ['sɜːrkjəleɪt] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

v. to go round continuously 循环

v. to pass from one place, person, etc. to another 流传

circ:圆圈 -ul(e):形容词后缀 -ate:动词后缀。“圆圈”→“循环”“流传”“传播”。circle:圆圈 [根]

使循环类概念

circumference [sər'kʌmfərəns] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

n. a line that marks out a circle or other curved figure 圆周

circ:圆圈 -um:名词后缀 fer:拿→包 -ence:名词后缀。“绕城一个圈”→“周线”“圆周”。circle:圆圈 [根]

圆周类概念

circumvent [ˌsɜːrkəm'vent] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

v. to hem in 包围

v. to avoid by going around 躲避

v. to manage to get around especially by ingenuity or stratagem 用计谋回避

circ(um):环,圆→四周 ven(t):来。“从四面八方而来”→“包围”“到处(躲避)”→“用计谋回避”。circle:圆 [根]

围绕着走

civilian [sə'vɪljən] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

n. person not serving in the armed forces or the police force 平民;百姓

adj. connected with people who are not members of the armed force or the police force 平民的

civ=cit:公共 -il(e):形容词后缀 -ian:名词后缀,表示人。“公民”→“平民(的)”。city:城市 [根]

平民类概念

civilize ['sɪvəlaɪz] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

v. to cause (sb./sth.) to improve from a primitive stage of human society to a more developed one 使文明

civ:文明 -il(e):形容词后缀 -ize:动词后缀。“使文明”。civilization:文明 [根]

使文明,使开化

claim [kleɪm] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

v. to ask for especially as a right 要求(权利)

n. a right that somebody believes they have to something 声称拥有的权利

v. to call for; require; take 要求,索要,剥夺(生命)

v. to assert in the face of possible contradiction; maintain 断言

来自古法语clamer(呼喊)。“呼喊”→“要求”→“索要”→“剥夺(生命)”;“呼喊”→“声称”→“断言”

要求,索要

clandestine [klæn'destɪn] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

adj. marked by, held in, or conducted with secrecy; surreptitious 秘密的

cland:隐藏 -estine:形容词后缀。“隐藏起来的”→“秘密的”

隐藏起来的

clarify ['klærəfaɪ] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

v. to make (as a liquid) clear or pure usually by freeing from suspended matter 使(液体等)澄清

v. to free of confusion 澄清;弄明白

clar:清楚,明白 -fy:动词后缀,“使……”。“使清楚明白”→“澄清”。declare:声明 [根]

使清楚明白

clarity ['klærətɪ] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

n. the quality or state of being clear; lucidity 清晰;清楚;清澈透明

clar:清楚 -ity:名词后缀“清楚”→“清晰”。declare:声明 [根]

清楚

clash [klæʃ] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

n. a loud noise made by two metal objects being hit together (金属的)碰撞声

clash:碰撞,冲突。“碰撞声”

冲撞、冲突、不协调类概念

classify ['klæsɪfaɪ] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

v. to arrange (sth.) systematically in classes or groups 分类

class:分 -fy:动词后缀。“使分”→“分类”“编排”。class:班级 [根]

分级别,分类

clause [klɔːz] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

n. a group of words that includes a subject and a verb, forming a sentence or part of a sentence 从句;分句

n. a paragraph or section in a legal document 条款

claus=clos:关闭→终结→结论。“结论”→“条款”;“结论”→“一段文字”→“从句”。 close:关闭 [根]

句子类概念

client ['klaɪənt] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

n. a person who receives help or advice from a professional person 委托人

n. a customer in a shop 顾客

cli:服从 -ent:名词后缀。“服从”→“委托人”(动作发出者),“顾客”(动作接受者)

客户、顾客类概念

cliff [klɪf] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

n. steep, usually high, face of rock, esp. at the edge of the sea 悬崖

cliff:陡峭岩石。“陡峭岩石”→“悬崖”

悬崖峭壁

cling [klɪŋ] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

v. to hold on tightly to sb./sth. 抓住

v. to become attached to sth.; stick to sth. 依附

v. to be unwilling to abandon sth.; refuse to give sth. up 坚持

cling=clin:斜坡→贴。“贴在一起”→“依附”“抓住”→“坚持”

依靠,黏着,坚持

clockwise ['klɑːkwaɪz] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

adj./adv. in the same direction in which the hands of a clock move 顺时针方向的(地)

clock:时钟 -wise:形容词、副词后缀。“顺时针方向的(地)”

顺时针方向

cluster ['klʌstər] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

n. a number of things of the same kind growing closely together群;团

v. to surround sb./sth. closely 群集;聚集

clust:团 -er:名词、动词后缀。“团”→“群”“群集”

丛生、密集类概念

cocaine [kəʊ'keɪn] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

n. a drug used as a local anaesthetic by doctors, and as a stimulant by drug addicts 可卡因

coca:古柯 -ine:名词后缀。“从古柯中提炼出来的”→“可卡因”

可卡因

coerce [kəʊ'ɜːrs] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

v. to restrain or dominate by force 压制

v. to achieve by force or threat 强迫;(以武力)强制

co-:共同 erce:包围。“包围住”→“压制”→“强迫”

强制,强迫

coercion [kəʊ'ɜːrʒn] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

n. the act, process, or power of coercing 强迫;高压统治

coerc=forc:强迫 -ion:名词后缀。“强迫”→“高压统治”。force:暴力 [根]

暴力强压 VRkBQwaxwgRZ21wvcGd3veFFVLDYfdb77fEXVitsSVRwm0+lkKgjeBS67wXshq1G

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