List 4

ballet ['bæleɪ] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 n. a theatrical representation of a story that is performed to music by trained dancers 芭蕾舞

n. a story performed in this way 芭蕾舞剧

n. a group of dancers who regularly perform ballet together 芭蕾舞团

根 ball:舞蹈 -et:名词后缀。“舞蹈”→“芭蕾”（芭蕾为音译）

类 由舞池舞蹈演变而来

barely ['berlɪ] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 adv. in a way that almost does not happen or exist; almost not 几乎不

adv. by a small margin 赤裸裸地

根 bar:赤裸 -ly:副词后缀。“赤裸地”→“几乎不”。bare:赤裸的 [根]

类 少到几乎没有的

baroque [bə'rəʊk] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 adj. going beyond a normal or acceptable limit in degree or amount（在程度或数量上）过分的

adj. characterized by grotesqueness, extravagance, complexity, or flamboyance 过分装饰的

根 原指巴洛克时期结构复杂的、形式怪异的艺术和建筑风格。“过分装饰”[唯物] →“（数量）过分的”[唯物] →“（程度）过分的”[唯心]

类 过分装饰的

barrel ['bærəl] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 n. a large round container with flat ends and bulging in the middle, made of wood, metal or plastic 桶

n. a long metal tube forming part of sth., especially a gun or a pen 金属管

根 bar:桶 -el:名词后缀。“桶”→“中空的物体”→“金属管”

类 桶状、管状类物品

barren ['bærən] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 adj. incapable of producing offspring 不育的

adj. producing little or no vegetation; desolate 贫瘠的

adj. unproductive of results or gain; fruitless 不产生结果的；无效的

adj. devoid; lacking 极度匮乏的

根 bar:贫瘠 -en:形容词后缀，“由……组成的”。“贫瘠的”→“极度匮乏的”→“不结果的”“不育的”→“无效的”

类 贫乏

barrier ['bærɪər] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 n. something material that blocks or is intended to block passage 路障

n. something immaterial that impedes or separates; obstacle 障碍

根 bar(r):棍 -ier:名词后缀，表示物。“棍”→“用棍子阻碍”→“路障”[唯物] →“障碍”[唯心]。bar:木棍 [根]

类 障碍的

basis ['beɪsɪs] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 n. the main principle that underlies sth.; foundation 基础

根 bas:底 -is:名词后缀。“底部”→“基础”。basic:基础的 [根]

类 基础，依据

battery ['bætərɪ] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 n. a portable container of a cell or cells for supplying electricity 电池

n. a large and often confusing set of similar tools, instruments, etc. used together 一组；一套

根 bat:打，击 -ery:名词后缀。“击打”→“排炮”→“一组”→“电池”（多个蓄电单元聚合物）。debate:辩论 [根]

类 猛烈的打击→排炮→一组

behalf [bɪ'hæf] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 n. (usually expressed as “on/in behalf of sb.” or “on/in sb’s behalf”) as the representative of or spokesman for sb.; in the interest of sb. 方面；利益；代表

根 be:在 half:面。“方面”→“利益”

类 在……旁边，作为……的代理人

belief [bɪ'liːf] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 n. feeling that sth./sb. is real and true; trust or confidence in sth./sb. 相信

n. religion or sth. taught as part of religion 信仰

根 be-:表示加强 lief=liev:相信。“相信”→“信仰”。believe:信任 [根]

类 相信、信念类概念

beneath [bɪ'niːθ] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 prep./adv. in or to a lower position than (sb./sth.); under 在……下面

根 be-:表示方向 neath=neth:下。“向下”“在下”。nether:下方的 [根]

类 位于下面的

benevolent [bə'nevələnt] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 adj. marked by or disposed to doing good 善心的

根 bene-:好 vol:意愿 -ent:形容词后缀。“意愿好的”→“善心的”。volunteer:志愿者 [根]

类 意愿好的

bias ['baɪəs] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 n. a personal and sometimes unreasoned judgment; prejudice 偏见

根 bias:倾斜。“倾斜”→“偏见”[唯心]

类 偏见

bid [bɪd] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 n. price offered in order to buy sth. 出价

v. to offer (a price) in order to buy sth. 报价

v. to order (sb.); tell 命令

根 bid:请求。“请求”→“命令”；“请求（价格）”→“报价”

类 出价、投标类概念

bind [baɪnd] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 v. to tie or fasten, e.g. with rope; tie a band or strip of material round sth. 捆绑

v. to impose a duty or legal obligation on sb. (to do sth.) 束缚；约束

根 bind:绑。“绑”→“捆”“包扎”“束缚”。Band-Aid:邦迪创可贴 [根]

类 捆绑、束缚类概念

biography [baɪ'ɑːɡrəfɪ] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 n. a story of a person’s life written by somebody else 传记

根 bio:生命 graph:写 -y:名词后缀。“写下一生的事迹”→“传记”。biological:生物的 [根]

类 生命的记录

biomaterial [ˌbaɪɒmətɪərɪəl] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 n. a natural or synthetic material (as a metal or polymer) that is suitable for introduction into living tissue 生物材料

根 bio:生物 mat:资源→材料 -er:名词后缀 -ial:形容词后缀。“生物材料”。material:材料 [根]

类 生物材料

bizarre [bɪ'zɑːr] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 adj. odd, extravagant, or eccentric in style or mode 奇异古怪的

根 来源于法语bizarre（怪异）。“怪异”→“奇异古怪的”

类 奇异、古怪、新潮的

blend [blend] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 v. to mix (different types of sth.) in order to get a certain quality 混合

n. a mixture of different sorts 混合物

根 blend:混合。“混合”→“混合物”

类 混合

bloom [bluːm] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 n. a flower 花

v. to produce flowers 开花

根 bloom:大块→大片。“大片”→“繁盛”→“开花”

类 花开茂盛

bluestocking ['bluːstɑːkɪŋ] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 n. a woman having intellectual or literary interests 女学者

根 源自18世纪伦敦的 Blue Stocking Society，主要由知识女性参加的文学俱乐部

类 蓝袜社及引申义女学者

boast [bəʊst] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 n. something that a person talks about in a very proud way, often to seem more important or clever 自夸的

v. to speak of or assert with excessive pride 自夸

根 来源于挪威语baus（自豪）。“自豪”→“自夸”“自夸的”

类 自夸的

bold [bəʊld] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 adj. confident and brave; daring; enterprising 勇敢的

adj. (esp. in a social situation) dare (to do sth.); presume or venture (to do sth.) 冒失的

adj. (of printed words or letters) in thick, dark type 黑体的；粗体的

根 bold:膨胀。“膨胀的”→“粗体的”“黑体的”；“（心里）膨胀”→“大胆的”“冒失的”

类 物理和心理上的粗壮类概念

bolster ['bəʊlstər] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 n. a structural part designed to eliminate friction or provide support or bearing 支撑物

v. to support with or as if with a bolster; reinforce 支撑

v. to give a boost to 鼓励

根 bol(st)=ball:球；膨胀 -er:名词后缀，表示人或物；动词后缀，表示连续、反复的动作。“膨胀物”→“支撑物”“支撑”[唯物] →“支撑信念”→“鼓励”[唯心]。 ball:球 [根]

类 支持、支撑的

bond [bɑːnd] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 n. thing that unites people or groups; link or tie 联系

n. certificate issued by a government or a company acknowledging that money has been lent to it and will be paid back with interest 债券

n. written agreement or promise that has legal force; covenant 契约

v. to join two things securely together; unite two things with a bond 接合

根 bond:捆绑。“捆绑”→“联系”“关系”“接合”；“（责任）捆绑”→“契约”；“（金钱）捆绑”→“债券”。abandon:放弃 [根]

类 绑住、接合类概念

bonus ['bəʊnəs] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 n. payment added to what is usual or expected 奖金

根 bonus:好处。“好处”→“奖金”

类 红利、奖金类概念

boom [buːm] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 v. to have a period of rapid economic growth 使兴旺

v. to make a deep hollow resonant sound 发出隆隆声

根 拟声词，“隆隆声”。“隆隆声”→“兴旺发展”“使兴旺”

类 由爆炸声引申的快速发展

boost [buːst] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 v. to increase the strength or value; help or encourage 提高；促进

根 boost:上升。“上升”→“增加”“提高”→“鼓励”“促进”

类 提高、提升类概念

bounce [baʊns] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 v. to (cause sth. to) spring back when sent against sth. hard（使）弹起；弹跳

n. the act of bouncing 弹；弹跳

根 bounc:重击→弹

类 弹

boycott ['bɔɪkɑːt] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 v. to engage in a concerted refusal to have dealings with usually to express disapproval or to force acceptance of certain conditions 联合抵制

根 源自人名Charlie Boycott，在爱尔兰梅奥郡担任土地经纪人期间，因拒绝低价租借土地而遭到了民众的联合抵制

类 联合抵制

brace [breɪs] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 n. device that clamps things together or holds and supports them in position 托架，支架

v. to make (sth.) stronger or firmer; reinforce 支撑；加固

v. to place firmly in order to resist an impact or balance oneself 使绷紧

根 brac:手臂。“手臂”→“支撑”“托架”；“手臂”→“使绷紧”。embrace:拥抱 [根]

类 双臂环抱的功能引申类概念

brass [bræs] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 n. a bright yellow metal made by mixing copper and zinc 黄铜

n. a wind instruments made of brass 铜管乐器

根 brass:黄铜。“黄铜”→“黄铜乐器”

类 铜

brochure [brəʊ'ʃʊr] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 n. a booklet or pamphlet containing information about sth. or advertising sth. 小册子

根 broch:针 -ure:名词后缀。“用针缝在一起的”→“小册子”

类 小册子

bronze [brɑːnz] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 n. an alloy of copper and tin; color of bronze 青铜；青铜色

n. a work of art, e.g. a statue, made of bronze 青铜制品

根 bronz:铜。“青铜”“青铜制品”“青铜色”

类 青铜类及物品概念

brood [bruːd] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 n. all the young birds produced at one hatching or birth; a large family of children 一窝幼鸟；一大家孩子

v. to think (about sth.) for a long time in a troubled or resentful way 沉思

v. (of a bird) to sit on eggs to hatch them 孵蛋

根 brood:孵化。“孵化”→“一窝幼鸟”“一大家孩子”；“（思想）孵化”→“沉思”“思考”

类 幼小的、一窝类概念，孵蛋引申为沉思类概念

brook [brʊk] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 n. creek 小溪流

v. to stand for; tolerate 容忍

根 [词源1] brook=broc:溪流。“小溪流”

[词源2] 来源于古英语brucan（占有）。“占有”→“控制”→“容忍”

类 对外在的容忍

brutal ['bruːtl] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 adj. very cruel and violent 残忍的

adj. not pleasant and not sensitive to people’s feelings 无情的

根 br(u):击 -ut(e):动词后缀 -al:形容词后缀。“被击打的”→“野蛮的”“残忍的”“无情的”

类 野蛮、粗暴、严酷的

budget ['bʌdʒɪt] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 n. the estimate or plan of how money will be spent over a period of time, in relation to the amount of money available 预算

根 budg=bag:袋子 -et:名词后缀。“袋子”→“钱袋”→“预算”。bag:袋 [根]

类 财政预算和累积类概念

bulge [bʌldʒ] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 v. to become swollen or protuberant 凸起

n. sudden expansion 暴涨

v. to be filled to overflowing 充满；溢出

n. advantage, upper hand 优势

根 bulg:凸起。“凸起”→“充满”“暴涨”；“凸起”→“优势”

类 凸起及引申的概念

bulk [bʌlk] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 n. size, quantity or volume, esp. when great 体积

n. main part (of sth.) 主体

根 bulk:膨胀。“膨胀”→“体积”→“主体”

类 大量、大批、大块的

bullet ['bʊlɪt] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 n. a small missile, usually round or cylindrical with a pointed end, fired from a gun or rifle 子弹

根 bull:球 -et:名词后缀。“球型的”→“子弹”

类 由散弹引申为子弹

burden ['bɜːrdn] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 n. thing or person that is carried; heavy load 负担

根 burd:负重 -en:名词后缀。“负重”→“负担”

类 负载、重压类概念

bureau ['bjʊrəʊ] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 n. government department 局

根 bereau:用布盖住的桌子→办公桌→办公地点。“办公地点”→“政府机关”“局”

类 办公行政的

bureaucracy [bjʊ'rɑːkrəsɪ] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 n. a system of government through departments managed by state officials, not by elected representatives 官僚体制

根 bureau:桌子 crac:权利 -y:名词后缀。“坐在有权利的桌子前”→“官僚”。democracy:民主 [根]

类 官僚

burgeon ['bɜːrdʒən] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 v. to send forth new growth (as buds or branches); sprout 发芽

v. to grow and expand rapidly; flourish 蓬勃发展

根 来源于古法语borjoner（发芽）。“发芽”[唯物] →“（事情）蓬勃发展”[唯心]

类 蓬勃发展的

buttress ['bʌtrəs] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 n. a projecting structure of masonry or wood for supporting or giving stability to a wall or building 扶墙，拱墙，拱璧

v. to support or give strength to sb./sth. 提供支撑的证据或者信息

根 butt:打，击→提供作用力 ress:直。“提供力量使变直”→“支撑”→“扶墙”“拱墙”“拱璧”；“支撑”→“证据”。butterfly:蝴蝶（不断拍击提供作用力以行动的飞虫） [根]

类 支撑

bypass ['baɪpɑːs] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 n. road by which traffic can go round a city, busy area, etc. instead of through it 旁道

n. alternative passage for blood to circulate through during a surgical operation 分流术；旁通管

v. to go around or avoid (sth.), using a bypass 绕过

v. to ignore (a rule, procedure, etc.) or fail to consult (sb.) in order to act quickly 置……不顾

根 by:附近 pass:通过。“从附近通过”→“绕过”“迂回”→“置……不顾”。pass:通过 [根]

类 绕过

cabin ['kæbɪn] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 n. a small room or compartment on a ship, an aircraft or a spacecraft 客舱

n. a small hut or shelter, usually made of wood 小木屋

根 cabin:小屋子。“小屋子”→“客舱”

类 小屋类概念

calculate ['kælkjʊleɪt] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 v. to work (sth.) out by using numbers or one’s judgement; estimate 计算

v. to be intended or designed to do sth. 打算

根 calc:计算 -ul(e):形容词后缀 -ate:动词后缀“计算”→“估计”“打算”。calculus:积分 [根]

类 计算类概念

camouflage ['kæməflɑːʒ] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 n. behavior or artifice designed to deceive or hide 伪装

v. to practice camouflage 掩饰；伪装

根 camoufl:掩饰-age:动词、名词后缀。“掩饰”→“伪装”

类 掩饰

campaign [kæm'peɪn] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 n. a series of military operations with a particular aim, usu in one area 战役

n. a series of planned activities with a particular social, commercial or political aim 运动

根 camp(aign):场地。“场地”→“战役”“运动”。campus:校园 [根]

类 大型战役或商业、政治活动类范畴

candidate ['kændɪdət] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 n. a person who applies for a job or is nominated for election 候选人

n. a person taking an examination 报考者

根 cand=cend=cens:白，光亮 -ate:名词后缀。“候选人”（原指古罗马穿着白衣的候选者，以物代人）。candle:蜡烛 [根]

类 候选人的范畴

canvas ['kænvəs] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 n. a heavy, closely woven fabric; a piece of canvas for painting on 帆布；画布

n. oil-painting 油画

根 canvas:亚麻。“亚麻”→“帆布”“画布”→“油画”

类 帆布及其用途类概念

capacity [kə'pæsətɪ] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 n. the ability to hold or contain sth. 容量

n. the ability to produce, experience, understand or learn sth. 能力

根 cap(ac):持有→容纳 -ity:名词后缀。“容纳”→“容量”（唯物）→“能力”（唯心）。capter:投合 [根]

类 能容纳住的概念

capsule ['kæpsjuːl] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 n. a small soluble case containing a dose of medicine and swallowed with it 胶囊

n. the detachable compartment for men or instruments in a spacecraft 太空舱

根 caps=cas:盒子 -ule:名词后缀。“盒子”→“胶囊”“太空舱”。case:情况 [根]

类 盒子类概念

captive ['kæptɪv] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 n. a person or animal who is kept as a prisoner 俘虏

adj. held as a prisoner 被俘虏的

根 capt:持→捕获 -ive:形容词、名词后缀。“捕获”“被俘虏的”。capture:捕获 [根]

类 被抓住的

capture ['kæptʃər] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 n. the act of capturing or being captured（被）俘获

v. to take or win (sth.) by force or skill 夺取

根 capt=cap:持→捕获 -ure:名词后缀。“捕获”→“夺取”

类 捕获、捕捉、夺取类概念

cardinal ['kɑːrdɪnl] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 n. any of a group of senior Roman Catholic priests who elect the Pope 红衣主教

adj. of basic importance; main; chief; primary 首要的

根 card=cord:心 -in(e):形容词后缀，表示具有某种性质的 -al:形容词后缀。“心”→“首要的”→“红衣主教”。record:记录 [根]

类 核心的，重要的

cargo ['kɑːrɡəʊ] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 n. goods carried in a ship or aircraft 货物

根 car=cargo:跑→运送。“运送”→“货物”

类 货物类概念

carrier ['kærɪər] 记忆次数 □□□□□□□□□□

释 n. a person or thing that carries sth. 载体

n. a person or company that carries goods or people for payment 搬运公司

根 car:跑→运送 -er:名词后缀，表示人或物。“运送”→“载体”“搬运公司”。 carry:携带 [根]

类 运送者、运载者概念 a0n+P9+JUHh9FMxbckoepnmIMWfiA2iR0/F2y0dQHsE20beDSvvoyP4q4YJPAsE8