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一、一般现在时

1.一般现在时的基本用法

一般现在时(simple present tense)主要表示:

(1)经常发生或反复发生的动作:

She visits her parents every day.

He smokes a lot.

(2)现时的情况或状态:

I know you are busy.

She loves classical music.

(3)永恒的真理:

The moon goes round the earth.

Shanghai lies in the east of China.

2.一些常用于一般现在时的动词

(1)静态动词:

英语中有许多动词,通常表示一种状态,可以称作静态动词,它们多用于一般现在时,而不用于进行时态,如:

She majors in English.

The box contains a necklace.

这类词还包括下表中的词:

(2)瞬间动词:

还有一些动词表示一个极为短暂的动作,而非延续性,也可用于一般现在时:

The Bible says love of money is the root of all evil.

I regret my ignorance on the subject.

3.一般现在时表示现在时刻发生的动作的用法

一般现在时可以表示现在时刻发生的动作,其具体使用如下:

(1)运动解说:

Smith passes to Davency, Daveney to Barnes, Barnes to Lucas—and Harriet intercepts ...Harriet to Simons, nice ball—and Smith shoots.

(2)演示说明:

First I put a lump of butter into a frying pan and light the gas; then, while the butter is melting, I break three eggs into the bowl, like this.

(3)动作描述:

There's this Scotsman, you see, and he's walking through the jungle when he meets a gorilla and the gorilla's eating something.So the Scotsman goes up to the gorilla.

(4)剧情介绍:

In Death on the Nile, Linet Ridgeway is the young and beautiful heiress to an immense fortune, but she has a lot of enemies.

(5)(剧本中)舞台动作说明:

Millison enters.William assumes a business air, picks up two folders, and makes for the door.

(6)用来指引道路:

“How do I get to the station?”

“You go straight to the traffic lights, then you turn right...”

(7)图片说明:

The Queen arrives for the Opening of Parliament.

4.一般现在时表示将来情况的用法

(1)在口语中,一般现在时常可表示按规定、时间表、计划或安排要发生的事情,这时都有一个表示未来时间的状语:

The exhibition opens on May 1st and closes at the end of June .

The plane takes off at 11:30 and arrives in Shanghai at 1:20 .

但这样用只限于少数动词,如:

(2)在时间或条件从句中,一般只能用一般现在时表示将来的动作:

Turn off the lights before you leave.

Tell me in case you get into difficulty.

(3)个别从句中的谓语都以一般现在时表示将来一般时的情况:

I hope it keeps fine for a few more days.

He will continue the work no matter what happens .

5.一般现在时表示过去动作的用法

(1)少量动词如(如 hear、say、tell 等):

在少数情况下已发生的动作也可以用一般现在时表示,这是因为讲这些话时这些动作发生的时间在说话人的脑中已经模糊或者不重要,注意说明的是从句所表示的情况。如:

I hear you're moving.

They tell me it's a fascinating film.

(2)故事性读物中戏剧性的描绘:

在故事描述中突然转而使用现在时态,是为了给人以历历在目的印象。这种用法可以称为戏剧性的现在时(dramatic present)或历史性的现在时(historical present)。如:

I open the door, and I look out into the garden, and I see a man.He is wearing a pink shirt and a policeman's helmet.“Good morning,” he says...

(3)用在报纸标题中:

情节自然是已发生的事,但往往用现在时,也是为使标题更生动。

Disarmament Talks Begin in Vienna.

Bank Robbery: Robbers take $100,000.

(4)用在小说章节的题目中:

VII Go to Bristol

(5)用来引用书面材料:

Shakespeare says , “All the world is a stage.”

Chaucer writes that love is blind.

6.常常和一般现在时连用的副词和状语

有些副词(特别是程度副词)或其他状语常可和一般现在时一起用,如:

She often goes on long walks.

Generally he watches TV for two hours in the evening.

还有许多其他这类状语,如: CouES/skGHVzKJpdAPnN61I1IAEpP1ETLEOaqGiyHkXudf3X30c2Yem6hZAaxikT

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