bracket out

【释】 比较

【例】 The data was slightly complicated by the fact that there was a tendency for kids who were social in the real world to also use more online communication, but by bracketing out different cases it became clear that the real-world sociality component correlated with greater wellbeing, whereas greater time on screens or online only correlated with poorer wellbeing. 数据稍微有些复杂，因为现实中喜欢社交的儿童也倾向于使用更多的在线交流，但通过比较不同的案例，可以清楚地看出，现实世界中的社交成分与幸福感增强相关，而花更多时间使用电子产品和上网则与幸福感降低相关。 （2019-12）

put pressure on

【释】 给……施加压力

【例】 It may put too much pressure on team members. 它可能会给团队成员带来太多的压力。 （2019-12）

【同】 impose pressure on

opt to do sth.

【释】 选择做某事

【例】 But others opted to lie, and they showed increased activity in their frontal parietal control network, which is involved in difficult or complex thinking. 但其他人选择说谎，此时他们的前额颅腔壁控制网的活动增强，这正是高难度或复杂的思维过程的结果。 （2019-12）

【同】 choose to do sth.

interfere with

【释】 干涉；妨碍；打扰，干扰

【例】 The department will make sure that newly launched satellites don't use radio frequencies that would interfere with existing satellites, and schedule when such new satellites can be launched. 这个部门（商务部）将确保新发射的人造卫星不使用可能会干扰现有卫星的无线电频率，并对新卫星何时发射做出安排。 （2019-06）

pack up

【释】 打点（行李）；将……打包；放弃；（机器等）出故障，不工作

【例】 Jimmy packed up his books and walked slowly back to his room. 吉米把书本收拾好，慢慢地朝他的房间走去。

【同】 be out of order

take down

【释】 记下；将……取下；拆掉，拆除；褪下（衣物）

【例】 Bear in mind that anything you say may be taken down and used as evidence against you. 记住，你说的每句话都可能被记录下来，并被用作指控你的证据。

【同】 write down; remove from

as far as sb. be concerned

【释】 就某人而言，在某人看来

【例】 She answered without hesitation that, as far as she was concerned , this would be a “privilege”. 她毫不犹豫地回答说，在她看来，这将是一种“特权”。 （2019-12）

【同】 in one's opinion; in one's point of view

at one's own pace

【释】 按自己的节奏

【例】 Remember that everyone will change at their own pace , and not everyone will embrace changes like this. 记住，每个人都会按照自己的节奏改变，但不是每个人都会接受这样的改变。

be vital to

【释】 对……极其重要的，必不可少的

【例】 Humor is vital to interpersonal relationships. 幽默对人际关系至关重要。 （2020-07）

【同】 be essential to; be extremely important to

go along with

【释】 与……意见一致；赞同

【例】 A good leader doesn't force other people but convince them to go along with him. 一个好的领导者不会强迫其他人赞同自己，而是说服他人赞同自己。

【同】 agree with; approve of

be sensitive to

【释】 对……敏感；易受……的影响

【例】 “Once we scale up, algorithms must be sensitive to tiny changes in identities and at the same time invariant to lighting, pose, age,” Kemelmacher-Shlizerman said. 开梅尔马切-什利泽曼说：“一旦我们扩大了数据库，算法就必须在灯光、姿势、年龄保持不变的同时对人脸特征上的微小变化保持敏感。” （2018-06）

all the while

【释】 一直，始终

【例】 All the while , the orange fish swims, and the ice glows green undersea. 橙色的鱼始终在游动，海底的冰始终闪烁着绿光。

【同】 all the time; all the way; all along; from beginning to end

start up

【释】 使启动，开始；开始从事

【例】 Since you have more free time now, why not start up a new business? 既然现在你有更多自由的时间了，为何不开启新的事业呢？

at the mercy of

【释】 任由……摆布或控制；受制于

【例】 Farmers in South Africa are more at the mercy of nature, especially inconsistent rainfall. 南非的农民更容易受制于大自然，尤其是不稳定的降雨的影响。 （2018-06）

have the option of

【释】 可以选择，有……的选择

【例】 And not every farmer has the option of going grass-fed. 不是每个农民都可以选择采用草饲模式。 （2019-12）

come up against

【释】 面对；被……反对

【例】 They expect to come up against a lot of opposition to the scheme. 他们预计这个计划要遭到很多人反对。

【同】 be faced with; be opposed by

measure up (to)

【释】 达到、符合（某标准）

【例】 It was fatiguing sometimes to try to measure up to her standard of perfection. 有时要达到她的完美标准是很累人的。

consist in

【释】 在于；主要在于

【例】 It turns out that, in many ways, the real trick to speaking two languages consists in managing not to speak one of those languages at a given moment—which is fundamentally a feat of paying attention. 事实证明，在许多方面，同时说两种语言的真正诀窍在于在特定的时刻不讲其中一种语言——归根结底，这是一种注意力分配的问题。 （2020-09）

【同】 lie in

be satisfied with

【释】 对……感到满意

【例】 People in their comfort zone of temperature are more satisfied with their productivity. 处于舒适温度区的人对他们的生产力更满意。 （2020-12）

【同】 be content with

knock off

【释】 使减少；使降低；下班；碰掉；敲掉；偷盗；抢走

【例】 When you knock off work, you'll be just in time to catch that bus. 你下班时刚好赶上坐这趟车。

【同】 stop doing sth.; steal from

look in

【释】 短时间探访某人家或到某处

【例】 I will look in at the party on my way home. 我回家时会顺便到聚会处看看。

【同】 make a short visit to

Tips

in the evolution of

【释】 在……的发展、演变中

【例】 Smartphone-based data collection comes at an appropriate time in the evolution of psychological science. 基于智能手机的数据收集正值心理学发展的一个恰当时期。 （2018-12）

in some ways

【释】 在某种程度上；在某些方面

【例】 But what happens after the coronavirus? In some ways , the answer is: All the old normal stuff. 但是冠状病毒爆发之后发生了什么呢？在某种程度上，答案是：一切照旧。 （2020-12）

【同】 to certain degree

run through

【释】 快速地穿过；快速传遍；遍布；贯穿；匆匆讨论、检查或阅读；复查；总结；排练；表演；挥霍

【例】 The report concludes that creativity should not inhabit the school curriculum only as it relates to drama, music, art and other obviously creative subjects, but that creative thinking ought to run through all of school life, infusing the way humanities and natural sciences are learned. 该报告的结论是，创造力存在于学校课程中，不应仅仅因为它涉及戏剧、音乐、艺术和其他明显具有创造性的学科，创造性思维应贯穿于学校生活的所有方面，贯穿于人文科学和自然科学的学习方式中。 （2021-06）

【同】 use up

at heart

【释】 内心里；实质上

【例】 While human achievements in mathematics continue to reach new levels of complexity, many of us who aren't mathematicians at heart (or engineers by trade) may struggle to remember the last time we used calculus. 虽然人类在数学上的成就不断地达到新的复杂程度，但实际上我们当中许多人并非数学家（或职业是工程师），可能很难记住我们上一次使用微积分是什么时候。 （2018-12）

【同】 in essence

out of control

【释】 失去控制

【例】 Some people think that if the nano-robots are out of control , they could destroy the Earth. 一些人认为，如果纳米机器人失去控制，它们可能会摧毁地球。

【同】 get out of control; lose control of

as opposed to

【释】 与……对照；与……不同；而不是

【例】 A deeper and longer-lasting impression of a message was formed when delivered in a letter, as opposed to receiving the same message online. 接收同样的信息，与线上接收不同的是，人们通过信件传递的信息会给人留下更深刻、更持久的印象。

【同】 in contrast to

fit… into…

【释】 找到或尚有足够的地方容纳（某事物）；找到（见某人或做某事物）的时间

【例】 We can't fit any more chairs into the room. 我们没办法在房间里放更多椅子了。

cooperate with

【释】 与……合作

【例】 They manage to cooperate well with their teammates. 他们设法与队友很好地合作。 （2019-06）

【同】 work together with

reconcile with

【释】 与……和解；与……和好如初；使……和谐一致

【例】 I've seen people bond and even reconcile with one another through song choices. 我见过人们通过歌曲相识，甚至和解。

barge in

【释】 （蛮不讲理地）闯入；干涉；与……相撞

【例】 I tried to stop him coming through the door but he just barged in . 我想拦住他，不让他进门，可是他硬闯进来了。

【同】 barge into

come from

【释】 来自；出生于

【例】 Though he didn't come from a farming family, from a young age Tim Joseph was fascinated by the idea of living off the land. 尽管蒂姆·约瑟夫不是农民出身，但他从小就对靠土地为生的想法很感兴趣。 （2019-12）

by the book

【释】 按照规定；按常规

【例】 Together we taught our kids a lesson: Nobody ever made history by living 100 percent by the book . 我们一起教导孩子们这样一个道理：那些创造历史的人当中，没有任何一个人是百分之百循规蹈矩的。

swear off

【释】 保证不做某事；宣布停用某事物

【例】 She decided to swear off drinking for a month and take a yoga class to kick-start her new get-healthy-quick scheme. 她决定戒酒一个月，并报了一个瑜伽班，以启动她新的快速恢复健康的计划。

in vain

【释】 徒然；无效果地，无用地；无结果地

【例】 She tried in vain to point out to him the unfairness of his actions. 她试图向他指出他的做法不公正，但无济于事。

【同】 with no result

compete with

【释】 与……竞争

【例】 So we must aim to complement the rationality of the machine, rather than to compete with it. 因此，我们必须致力于补充机器的合理性，而不是与之竞争。 （2019-06）

in an effort to

【释】 为了；企图；试图

【例】 The experiment is based upon the idea that farmers who're protecting their herd from lions would shoot and kill lions in an effort to protect their livestock. 该实验基于这样一种观点：为了保护自家牧群不受狮子攻击，牧民们会朝狮子开枪射杀它们。 （2018-12）

【同】 attempt to; in order to

be guilty of

【释】 有过失的；犯有……罪责；对……感到内疚

【例】 Her output may be undeniable, but sceptics have suggested that she is guilty of erasing the role of ghostwriters at worst, gross exaggeration at best. 她的作品产量或许不可否认，但怀疑论者认为，往坏了说，她的过失是抹杀了代笔人的角色，往好了说，她过分夸大了事实。 （2020-09）

compete against

【释】 与……竞争；与……比赛；与……对抗

【例】 As a journalist, I have competed against NYU, Columbia, and Northeastern graduates for jobs. 作为一名记者，我曾经和纽约大学、哥伦比亚大学和东北大学的毕业生竞争工作岗位。 （2018-06）

lean on

【释】 依靠；倚靠；使靠在……上；威胁，恐吓

【例】 If you can't talk to your parents right now, lean on a friend, teacher, or counselor. 如果你现在不能和你的父母交流，依靠朋友、老师、辅导员都是可以的。

【同】 depend on; rest on; rest against

right away/off

【释】 毫不犹豫地；毫不耽搁地

【例】 When the estate agent showed us this house, we knew we wanted it right away . 当房地产经纪人带我们看这所房子时，我们就知道要立刻买下它。

【同】 without hesitation/delay; straight away/off

come round

【释】 来到；恢复知觉，苏醒；（情绪不好之后）又愉快起来；访问，参观；转而接受

【例】 When I first came round here, they told me that I couldn't do it because they said it was a fire hazard. 当我刚来这儿的时候，他们告诉我不能这么做，因为他们说这是个火灾隐患。

【同】 come to oneself

draw sth. out (of/from)

【释】 （从……中）抽出、拔出或拉出某事物

【例】 I told him to draw the file out of the drawer. 我叫他从抽屉里把那份文件取了出来。

【同】 pull...out of

write off

【释】 认为……已经失败；勾销（债款等）；摒弃；放弃（计划或项目等）；从税中扣除；发函

【例】 Investors shouldn't write off brick and mortar. 投资者不应该认定实体店会失败。 （2019-06）

Tips

hold down

【释】 限制；压制；保持（职位）到一定时候

【例】 What's the longest she's held down a job? 她做得最久的一份工作是什么？

think through

【释】 充分考虑

【例】 But there's a danger they're ill-equipped to think through potential unintended consequences. 然而有一种危险是，他们没有足够的设备去充分考虑潜在的意外后果。 （2019-06）

catch one's breath

【释】 喘口气；屏息

【例】 The story is full of surprises which cause the readers to catch their breath . 这个故事充满惊险情节，使读者紧张得透不过气。

【同】 hold one's breath

live through

【释】 经历（灾难或其他困境）而幸存

【例】 The generation that lived through the Great Depression learned to scrimp and save. 经历过大萧条的一代学会了节俭和储蓄。

give away

【释】 免费赠送，赠与；分发；由于大意而未利用或抓住（时机﹑机会等）；泄露；出卖

【例】 Body language can give away a lot about your mood, so standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive. 肢体语言可以透露你很多的情绪信息，所以双臂交叉站立表明你在自我保护。

【同】 give sth. free of charge

think over

【释】 仔细思考（尤指做出决定之前）

【例】 I want to make yourself think over the matter and decide—whether the virus is in you, and if is really so—what you need to do in order to successfully recover. 我想让你自己去仔细思考这个问题并做出判断——这种病毒是否也存在于你的身上，如果真的存在的话那么——你需要怎样做才能成功康复。

come in

【释】 起作用；时兴，流行；加入，参与；（信息）传来；（钱款）定期收到

【例】 I understand the plan perfectly, but I can't see where I come in . 我完全了解这项计划，但不知道我在哪里可以起到作用。

【同】 play a part in

feed on

【释】 （动物）吃；供……作为食物；受到某事物的滋养；因某事物而助长

【例】 They feed primarily on only a few kinds of krill in the Antarctic Polar Front. 它们（王企鹅）主要以南极极地锋中的几种磷虾为食。 （2019-12）

be composed of

【释】 由……组成，有……构成

【例】 Because they are composed of native English speakers deliberately placed together with recent immigrants, they tend to be more ethnically and economically balanced. 由于它们（双语课程）是由新移民和被故意安排与这些新移民一起的母语为英语的人构成的，它们往往在种族和经济上更加平衡。 （2020-09）

【同】 be comprised of; consist of

strive to

【释】 （为获得或实现某事物而）努力，奋斗

【例】 He will strive to take control of his narrative when he comes to a job interview. 参加面试时，他会努力把控自己所说的话。

【同】 try very hard to

be critical for

【释】 对……是至关重要的；对……是决定性的

【例】 For starters, protein is critical for every cell in our body. It helps build nails, hair, bones and muscles. 首先，蛋白质对我们身体的每个细胞都至关重要。它有助于构建指甲、头发、骨骼和肌肉。 （2019-12）

【同】 be crucial to/for sth.

be bound to

【释】 一定会做某事；有法律责任或有义务做某事

【例】 Maybe students who choose less prestigious universities are bound to succeed because they are determined to. 也许那些选择不那么知名的大学的学生一定会成功，因为他们立志要如此。 （2018-06）

【同】 be certain to

pack in

【释】 放弃，抛弃；在有限的时间里做（大量的事）

【例】 She was so tired that she decided to pack in her job and went back home. 她太累了，决定辞掉工作回家。

【同】 give up

wipe out

【释】 彻底消灭或摧毁；擦拭（盆﹑碗等）的内部；除去；取消

【例】 An event might only have a small impact on the total population of chimps, but it may wipe out an entire community—an entire culture. 一个事件可能只对黑猩猩的总数量产生很小的影响，但它可能会摧毁整个群落，乃至整个文化。 （2020-12）

adapt to

【释】 适应

【例】 Chimps alter their culture to quickly adapt to the changed environment. 黑猩猩改变它们的文化以迅速适应变化的环境。 （2020-12）

expand into

【释】 扩展成，扩大为

【例】 The cultivation of crops has expanded into progressively drier regions as population densities have grown. 随着人口密度的增加，农作物的种植逐渐扩展到干旱地区。

Exercise

I Choose a phrase that best completes the sentence.

1. Biodiversity increases the services that nature provides and improves the ability of farming systems to ____ changing conditions. （2020-09）

A. adapt to

B. adjust into

C. apply for

D. allow with

2. At other times, we personify products ____ understand them. （2019-12）

A. for an effort to

B. on an effort to

C. as an effort to

D. in an effort to

3. I am not collecting postcards; I am ____ wonderful moments in life.

A. writing off

B. taking down

C. recording on

D. thinking about

4. Somewhat impatiently, Steve ____ my plan to put more in our new products.

A. went along with

B. was in connection with

C. advised for

D. was in approval of

5. ____, the quiet guy was listening and listening, sometimes taking notes.

A. All the while

B. For the while

C. Once in a while

D. In a while

6. Happiness does not ____ how many possessions you own.

A. rest on

B. consist in

C. lie at

D. depend to

7. When stress gets ____, it can lead to poor performance and ill health.

A. under control

B. in control

C. out of control

D. off control

8. She ____ her family, and lived much more happily for her last few years.

A. reconciled with

B. reconciled to

C. reconciled for

D. reconciled of

9. They are ____ science and technology parks in different places, so as to commercialize their fruits of innovation.

A. calling for

B. dropping by

C. serving out

D. cooperating with

10. He pretended not to care but that remark ____ his real opinion on the matter.

A. showed away

B. sent away

C. gave away

D. threw away

II Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the phrases according to the list you have just learned.

1. Users ____ （选择） register aliases and pseudonyms for different reasons.

2. Their roots don't grow very deep, so the permafrost doesn't ____ （妨碍） their growth.

3. The computer will give students the opportunity to learn ____ （按自己的节奏） .

4. This doesn't mean that leaving early is always a good idea as the host may feel that the guests ____ （不满意） the treat.

5. Alexandra's work was similar ____ （在某些方面） to the paintings by famous artists like Picasso.

6. The young in particular are willing to accept this concept because ____ （内心里） every child wants to grow into a happy, healthy contributing adult.

7. In fact, many of us ____ （对……感到内疚） delaying doing what we should do.

8. The committee ____ （由……组成） professors and engineers.

9. His efforts to raise money for his program were ____ （徒劳） because no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets.

10. I could never lie to my mother because she'd see through me ____ （马上） .

Keys