动词的理解首先要写出它和主词之间的关系,然后再写出动词的状态,最后才能在“标志了关系、状态的动词短语”的第一个词上加上时间。例如2012年广州中考题:
Hot water________in the students’ flats from 5 pm to 7 pm now.
A.supplies B.is supplied C.supplied D.was supplied
要在上面的句子中填入一个动词短语,首先要确定关系,然后确定状态,最后才是时间。顺序如下:
动词的原形是:supply
动词在句子中是被动的,所以应该是变化的: be supplied
它的状态是一般状态,所以不变化: be supplied
它的时间是现在的,所以将第一个动词be变化成 is: is supplied
其他教科书将动词的状态和时间混在一起讲解,叫做“动词的时态”,而且把“时态”放在动词的关系(语态)之前讲解,这是不合逻辑的。
请在简单句中填入短语,使其成为完整句,注意动词短语的“关系”“状态”和“时间”:
(1)The son/was named Hudson,the daughter Chrysanthemum.
动词的原形是:name
在句子中它是被动的,所以应该是:________________
它的状态是一般状态,所以不变化:____________
它的时间是过去的,所以变化成:________________
(2)Hearing the wonderful music,the boys/came out of the house.
动词的原形是:hear
在句子中它是主动的,所以应该是不变化的:__________
它的状态是一般状态,所以不变化:____________
它的时间是过去的,所以变化成:____________________
(3)(2012重庆)Chinese________ by more and more people from all over the world.
A.learn B.learned C.is learned D.was learned
(4)(2012北京)I________Mr.Smith since he moved to Shanghai.
A.didn’t hear from B.don’t hear from
C.won’t hear from D.haven’t heard from
(5)(2012广东)Our English teacher is very nice.We ________ friends since three years ago.
A.were B.became C.have been D.have made