化工行业英语最新章节_刘清波著

Reading

Task 7

Read Passage 1 and then work in pairs to speak out the common expressions given in brackets.

1.The 19th century saw enormous advances in___________________________________（高聚物化学）.

2.Plastic quickly found uses in___________________________________（电绝缘），plugs and sockets，clock bases，iron cooking handles，and fashionable jewelry.

3.Such operations might consist of___________________________________（换热器，过滤器，化学反应器），and the like.

4.The results of such analysis have helped improve clinical care，suggested improvements in___________________________________（诊断与治疗装置）.

5.Chemical engineers have been able to increase___________________________________（抗生素产量）several thousand times through mutation.

6.This ability to bring once___________________________________（稀缺的材料）to all members of society through industrial creativity is a defining characteristic of chemical engineering.

7.___________________________________（合成纤维）also help reduce the strain on natural sources of cotton and wool.

8.Nylon stockings make legs look young and attractive while___________________________________（防弹背心）keep people out of harm's way.

9.___________________________________（合成肥料）can help provide these nutrients to crops，which in turn provide us with a bountiful and balanced diet.

10.___________________________________（生物科技的进步）also offer the potential to further increase worldwide food production.

Passage 1 Ten Greatest Achievements of Chemical Engineering

Task 8

Read the passage again and supply the missing words or expressions to complete the following statements in pairs.

1.Chemical engineers are creative in applying scientific knowledge and technology for___________________________________.

2.Chemical engineers'ability to___________________________________has revolutionized biology,medicine,metallurgy,and power generation.

3.Without the insight of chemical engineers during the 20th century,mass produced polymers could not become___________________________________.

4.The introduction of bakelite in 1908 sparked___________________________________.

5.Complex chemical processes have been broken up into small"unit operations",which might consist of___________________________________and the like.

6.Thanks to the work of chemical engineers,___________________________________are available to all members of society.

7.___________________________________of cotton and wool can be reduced by the use of synthetic fibers.

8.Chemical engineers play a leading role in the field of___________________________________where they help create better tasting and most nutritious foods.

9.Petroleum processing has been treated as an enabling technology,and some of the useful products might include___________________________________and synthetic fibers.

10.Today's___________________________________industry is inseparable to modern industry because modern society runs on rubber.

Task 9

Work in groups and discuss the following questions.

1.What are the ten greatest achievements of chemical engineering discussed in this passage?

2.What contributions have chemical engineers made in medical field?

3.Where can we find the uses of plastic and synthetic fiber?

4.What can help increase food production and protect the environment?

5.Why is it important to have petrochemicals and synthetic rubber?

Task 10

Read the sentences taken from Passage 1 and work in groups to translate them into Chinese.

1.Similarly,biologists gain invaluable insight into the basic mechanisms of life,and archaeologists can accurately date their historical findings.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2.When a plastic called Bakelite was introduced in 1908 it sparked the dawn of the"Plastic Age"and quickly found uses in electric insulation,plugs and sockets,clock bases,iron cooking handles,and fashionable jewelry.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3.Chemical engineers have been able to take small amounts of antibiotics developed by people such as Sir Arthur Fleming(who discovered penicillin in 1929)and increase their yields several thousand times through mutation and special brewing techniques.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4.From blankets and clothes to beds and pillows,synthetic fibers keep us warm,comfortable,and provide a good night's rest.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5.The purified nitrogen can be used to recover petroleum,freeze food,produce semiconductors,or prevent unwanted reactions while oxygen is used to make steel,smelt copper,weld metals together,and support the lives of patients in hospitals.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Task 11

Work in pairs to complete the statements with the information from Passage 2.

1.Cosmetics and personal care products may be hazardous to your health because some of the ingredients in them are___________________________________.

2.Antibacterials may increase susceptibility to infection because it can kill___________________________________and pathogens.

3.Skin will___________________________________if you always use a product containing butyl acetate.

4.Butylated hydroxytoluene can act as___________________________________to help slow the rate at which a product changes color over time.

5.Diethanolamine,a contaminant associated with cocamide DEA and lauramide DEA,can be found in___________________________________.

6.Formaldehyde,which acts as a___________________________________,is found in many products like nail polish,soap,deodorant,shaving cream,eyelash adhesive and shampoo.

7.Formaldehyde is not allowed to be used in___________________________________by the European Union because it is associated with many health concerns.

8.Some fragrances may be phthalates,which can work as obesogens and may eventually cause___________________________________.

9.Talc is widely used in many products such as eye shadow,blush,baby powder,deodorant and soap to absorb___________________________________and provide___________________________________.

10.Toluene is associated with reproductive and developmental damage,which may decrease fertility and cause___________________________________.