第1讲
完形填空之逻辑推理

[学习建议：第1天完成]

Part A：考点解读与技巧解密

Section 1：考点解读

问：完形填空中的逻辑推理法的核心是什么？

Section 2：技巧解密

问：如何去寻找已知线索来进行逻辑推理？

解析：

我们会发现例1中没有已知线索，因此它无解，答案可以是A，也可以是B。而例2有一个宝贵的已知条件“而不是我的敌人”，据此就能解答出唯一的答案A，因为“朋友”与“敌人”是一对反义逻辑词。因此解题的关键在于寻找已知条件。

解析：

1. 从下文线索Mr. Smith went to a body engineering shop可知，Mr. Smith去了美容店。那为什么要去美容店呢？因为他对自己的长相不满意，所以答案为 ______。

2. 从上文线索Mr. Smith went to a body engineering shop可知，Mr. Smith去美容店是想要一个小鼻子，所以答案为 ______。

3. 从上文线索Mr. Smith went to a body engineering shop和“想要a small nose”可知，小鼻子应该很受欢迎，所以答案为 ______。

4. 从下文线索Then he wanted a change to long hair可知，Mr. Smith想要长头发，那么之前应该是短头发才对，所以答案为 ______。

解析：

5. 根据下文线索decided to play a game和who could climb to the top of the tree first可知，他们要玩一个爬树的游戏，而游戏当然是exciting，所以答案为 ______。

注意本题有一个干扰信息What a tall tree，很多同学会误以为选dangerous，但如果是dangerous的话，下文就不会出现去爬树了。

6. 根据下文线索who could climb to the top of the tree first可知，孩子们是想看谁能最先爬到树顶，所以答案为 ______。

7. 根据上文线索Their mothers可知，妈妈们当然是看自己的孩子玩耍，所以答案为 ______。

8. 根据上文线索He was the shortest child in the group可知，因为David是最矮的，因此没人相信他会获胜，所以答案为 ______。

9. 根据上文线索Although the other boys climbed faster than David in the beginning可知，下文应该是表达转折含义，即David是最快爬到树顶的，所以答案为 ______。

解析：

10. 根据上文线索he has taught his son a lot about them可知，他父亲已经教给了他很多关于蛇的知识，由此可推测出现在托尼能够靠蛇赚钱了。be able to do sth.意为“能够做某事”，所以答案为 ______。

11. 根据下文线索he has to find rattlesnakes和He sends the venom可知，他去找蛇和送毒液，那么肯定就要收集毒液，所以答案为 ______。

12. 根据下文线索they make it into something called “antivenin”可知，毒液要制成抗蛇毒素，那能够把毒液制成抗蛇毒素的地方应该是实验室，所以答案为 ______。

13. 根据上文线索Antivenin is what they give people和下文线索they have been bitten by a poisonous snake可知，抗蛇毒素应该是在人们被有毒的蛇咬了之后才使用的，所以答案为 ______。

14. 根据上文线索helpful和下文线索the person who has been bitten可知，抗蛇毒素的用处是挽救被有毒的蛇咬了的人，所以答案为 ______。

KEY

1. A

2. C

3. A

4. B

5. B

6. C

7. B

8. A

9. C

10. C

11. B

12. D

13. C

14. C

Part B：线索定位训练法

Section 1：线索定位训练

下面真题已将已知线索加粗标出，主要目标是训练同学们养成寻找已知线索的习惯。

A [福建卷]

From Hobby to Job

Yesterday at the Minnesota Fashion Week, the 15-year-old designer （设计者） Rachel amazed the fashion world when she showed her clothes for the first time. 1 agreed that they looked fantastic.

Rachel taught herself to make clothes when she was just 7. “ I didn't like my own clothes and wanted to 2 , so I usually added things—like pockets or ties . My Mom used to get a bit 3 about all the scissors and pins lying around ,” laughed Rachel. Then one year, she decided to have a summer 4 at a fashion and design school, where she learned many skills from her teacher Joan . When Rachel was 12, Joan invited a few teenagers to 5 her at the famous Toronto Fashion Week. “I loved it ,” said Rachel. “It was just 6 and I knew that I wanted to be there.”

At the Minnesota Fashion Week, Rachel looked 7 beautiful in her smart jacket with a decoration （装饰） of a small blue butterfly on it . People at the event were 8 her skill and designs. “ I did all my work on the clothes after dinner , 9 I always had a busy timetable at school and much homework as well . But it was worth it.” Rachel felt proud.

Rachel sold all of her works and the 10 went to a local children's hospital. “ I know that the hospital needs it to make the children's stay as comfortable as possible ,” she said.

1. A. Someone

B. Everyone

C. No one

2. A. take notes

B. do researches

C. make changes

3. A. worried

B. excited

C. disappointed

4. A. course

B. vacation

C. sport

5. A. satisfy

B. join

C. direct

6. A. simple

B. strange

C. amazing

7. A. especially

B. probably

C. normally

8. A. improving

B. admiring

C. developing

9. A. as

B. when

C. unless

10. A. jacket

B. decoration

C. money

B [安徽卷]

When I was 12 years old, my mother sent me to a Chinese school in California . I 1 spending my Saturdays in a three-hour Chinese class. I thought it was dificult and boring .

However, my mum thought that I should develop and improve （提高） my Chinese 2 skills. I seemed to know it would do me good in future, but at that time I couldn't realize the 3 of learning a second language .

Many years later, I had a 4 to work in Asia. I chose China mainly because I learned Chinese when I was 5 . However, I still wondered if I could 6 street signs , buy food and talk to people there.

Shortly after I arrived in China , my Chinese language 7 came back soon and improved 8 . A long time ago, I wanted to give up 9 Chinese.Luckily, my mum encouraged me and stopped that from happening. I'm 10 that the Chinese language has helped me a lot in diferent ways . My life is getting more and more colourful.

1. A. hated

B. advised

C. enjoyed

D. forgot

2. A. business

B. music

C. language

D. cooking

3. A. mistakes

B. excuses

C. fears

D. advantages

4. A. habit

B. chance

C. skill

D. suggestion

5. A. busy

B. young

C. successful

D. experienced

6. A. read

B. touch

C. afford

D. move

7. A. tool

B. ability

C. point

D. difficulty

8. A. safely

B. politely

C. quickly

D. privately

9. A. changing

B. sharing

C. learning

D. protecting

10. A. sorry

B. worried

C. angry

D. glad

Section 2：答案详解

A

文章主要介绍了一名年轻的服装设计师Rachel从小就有设计天赋，通过自学，最终在明尼苏达时装周大放异彩，而且她很有爱心，把售卖作品的钱捐给了当地的儿童医院。

1.【答案】B

选项翻译：A. 某人 B. 所有人 C. 没有人

解题分析：根据上文线索the 15-year-old designer Rachel amazed the fashion world可知，Rachel让时尚界感到震惊，因此，应该是所有人都认同她的设计看起来非常棒，故答案是B。

2.【答案】C

选项翻译：A. 记笔记 B. 做研究 C. 做改变

解题分析：根据上文线索I didn't like my own clothes和下文线索so I usually added things—like pockets or ties可知，Rachel会对衣服做一些改变，故答案是C。

3.【答案】A

选项翻译：A. 担心的 B. 兴奋的 C. 失望的

解题分析：根据下文线索all the scissors and pins lying around可知，到处都是剪刀和别针，因此应该是妈妈很担心，故答案是A。

4.【答案】A

选项翻译：A. 课程 B. 假期 C. 运动

解题分析：根据下文线索at a fashion and design school, where she learned many skills from her teacher Joan可知，Rachel在服装设计学校学习，因此应该是上课，故答案是A。

5.【答案】B

选项翻译：A. 使满意 B. 加入 C. 管理

解题分析：根据下文线索at the famous Toronto Fashion Week可知，应该是邀请他们参加多伦多时装周，故答案是B。

6.【答案】C

选项翻译：A. 简单的 B. 陌生的 C. 令人惊奇的

解题分析：根据上文线索I loved it可知，“我”非常喜欢时装周，故答案是C。

7.【答案】A

选项翻译：A. 特别地 B. 可能地 C. 一般地

解题分析：根据下文线索in her smart jacket with a decoration of a small blue butterfly on it可知，她穿着一件漂亮的夹克，上面装饰着一只蓝色的小蝴蝶，所以Rachel看起来特别漂亮，especially起强调作用，故答案是A。

8.【答案】B

选项翻译：A. 提高 B. 羡慕 C. 发展

解题分析：根据文章首段线索the 15-year-old designer Rachel amazed the fashion world可知，她的技巧和设计令所有人都很羡慕，故答案是B。

9.【答案】A

选项翻译：A. 因为 B. 当……时 C. 除非

解题分析：本题考查状语从句的逻辑语义关系。根据上文线索I did all my work on the clothes after dinner和下文线索I always had a busy timetable atschool and much homework as well可知，晚饭后作者把所有的工作都放在衣服上，因为作者在学校的时间表总是很忙，作业也很多，所以前后句表因果关系，故答案是A。

10.【答案】C

选项翻译：A. 夹克 B. 装饰 C. 钱

解题分析：根据上文线索Rachel sold all of her works和下文线索I know that the hospital needs it to make the children's stay as comfortable as possible可知，Rachel将卖了作品收到的钱捐给了当地儿童医院，故答案是C。

B

本文主要介绍了作者小时候在妈妈的鼓励下学习了汉语，当初并没有意识到汉语的重要性，但在后来的工作中汉语给予了作者很大帮助。

1.【答案】A

选项翻译：A. 讨厌 B. 建议 C. 享受 D. 忘记

解题分析：本题考查同义重现。根据下文线索I thought it was difficult and boring可知，“我”很讨厌上汉语课，故答案是A。

2.【答案】C

选项翻译：A. 生意 B. 音乐 C. 语言 D. 烹饪

解题分析：本题考查原词重现。根据下文线索learning a second language可知，“我”应该提高语言能力，故答案是C。

3.【答案】D

选项翻译：A. 错误 B. 理由 C. 恐惧 D. 优点

解题分析：本题考查同义重现。根据上文线索 it would do me good in future和but可知，下文中应该是作者没有意识到学习第二门语言的优势，故答案是D。

4.【答案】B

选项翻译：A. 习惯 B. 机会 C. 技巧 D. 建议

解题分析：根据上下文语义逻辑可知，应该是有个去亚洲工作的机会，故答案是B。

5.【答案】B

选项翻译：A. 忙碌的 B. 年轻的 C. 成功的 D. 有经验的

解题分析：根据首段线索When I was 12 years old, my mother sent me to a Chinese school in California可知，“我”年轻时学过汉语，故答案是B。

6.【答案】A

选项翻译：A. 读；读懂 B. 触摸 C. 提供 D. 移动

解题分析：根据下文线索street signs可知，应该是能读懂路标，故答案是A。

7.【答案】B

选项翻译：A. 工具 B. 能力 C. 观点 D. 困难

解题分析：根据上文线索Shortly after I arrived in China可知，“我”到了中国，汉语能力很快回来了，故答案是B。

8.【答案】C

选项翻译：A. 安全地 B. 礼貌地 C. 快速地 D. 私下地

解题分析：根据上文线索Shortly after I arrived in China和came back soon可知，作者的汉语水平快速地提高了，故答案是C。

9.【答案】C

选项翻译：A. 改变 B. 分享 C. 学习 D. 保护

解题分析：根据上文线索可知，很久之前，作者想放弃学习汉语，故答案是C。

10.【答案】D

选项翻译：A. 抱歉的 B. 担心的 C. 生气的 D. 高兴的

解题分析：根据下文线索the Chinese language has helped me a lot in different ways可知，中文在不同方面对作者帮助很大，作者当然很高兴，故答案是D。

Part C：专项强化训练

Section 1：真题精练

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给出的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

C [江西卷]

Cowboys have lived and worked in the west and south-west of the United States for over three centuries and they are a famous symbol of the USA. When you watch those old Hollywood cowboy films from the fifties and sixties, you don't see a job. You see a 1 of freedom and adventure （冒险） . However, the real job of an American cowboy has always been 2 and sometimes dangerous. It is physical with long hours and low pay.

Life hasn't 3 much for cowboys since the early days. Cows walk across huge plains （草原） to 4 the grass and the cowboy rides on his horse to bring 5 home. Like the cowboys of the past, a 21st century cowboy 6 gets up early on freezing cold mornings and makes breakfast over a fire.

So why does a man—because it is usually a man—become a cowboy? For some, it isn't a 7 , because they are born into the life. They have worked with

8 since they were children. They 9 the traditional cowboy culture: “It's a real life about you, your horse and the open 10 .”

Some people choose the job 11 in life. Pat had an office job with the US government with high pay, 12 he didn't like city life and spending all day inside. So one day, he 13 his job and moved to a ranch （牧场） in Texas, making much less money 14 a cowboy. He wanted job satisfaction. And for a cowboy, job satisfaction doesn't come from the money or a comfortable ofice. It comes from being 15 to wake up under the sky and being your own boss.

1. A. life

B. place

C. way

D. day

2. A. interesting

B. boring

C. hard

D. easy

3. A. got

B. paid

C. done

D. changed

4. A. catch

B. eat

C. touch

D. take

5. A. it

B. him

C. her

D. them

6. A. just

B. still

C. even

D. never

7. A. problem

B. choice

C. plan

D. dream

8. A. parents

B. brothers

C. cows

D. sheep

9. A. create

B. miss

C. love

D. refuse

10. A. country

B. culture

C. mind

D. cowboy

11. A. later

B. early

C. quickly

D. suddenly

12. A. so

B. and

C. since

D. but

13. A. looked for

B. took up

C. gave up

D. cared about

14. A. for

B. as

C. with

D. like

15. A. relaxed

B. slow

C. late

D. free

Section 2：答案详解

C

本文介绍了美国牛仔的主要工作和生活，以及人们会选择做一名西部牛仔的原因。

1.【答案】A

选项翻译：A. 生活 B. 地方 C. 方法 D. 天

解题分析：根据上下文语义逻辑和第二段首句重现词Life可知，美国牛仔的生活是自由且充满冒险的，故选A。

2.【答案】C

选项翻译：A. 有趣的 B. 无聊的 C. 困难的 D. 容易的

解题分析：根据下文线索It is physical with long hours and low pay可知，美国牛仔的工作时间长、酬劳低，因此是比较艰难的，故选C。

3.【答案】D

选项翻译：A. 得到 B. 支付 C. 做 D. 改变

解题分析：根据下文线索Cows walk across huge plains...the cowboy rides on his horse以及本段末句Like the cowboys of the past可知，牛仔的生活并没有改变太多，故选D。

4.【答案】B

选项翻译：A. 抓 B. 吃 C. 触碰 D. 带，拿

解题分析：根据上文线索Cows walk across huge plains可知，牛穿过草原就是为了吃草，故选B。

5.【答案】D

选项翻译：A. 它 B. 他 C. 她 D. 他们，它们

解题分析：本题考查语法中的指示代词。本题空格指代上文的cows，故选D。

6.【答案】B

选项翻译：A. 仅仅 B. 仍然 C. 甚至 D. 从不

解题分析：根据上文线索Like the cowboys of the past可知，牛仔仍然需要在寒冷的早上早起，故选B。

7.【答案】B

选项翻译：A. 难题 B. 选择 C. 计划 D. 梦想

解题分析：根据下文线索because they are born into the life可知，有些牛仔生来就要过这样的生活，他们没得选，故选B。

8.【答案】C

选项翻译：A. 父母 B. 兄弟 C. 牛 D. 羊

解题分析：根据重现词cows和下文线索since they were children可知，牛仔在孩童时期就跟牛一起工作，故选C。

9.【答案】C

选项翻译：A. 创造 B. 想念 C. 喜爱 D. 拒绝

解题分析：根据下文线索the traditional cowboy culture和It's a real life about you可知，牛仔喜欢他们传统的牛仔文化，故选C。

10.【答案】A

选项翻译：A. 国家；地区 B. 文化 C. 思想 D. 牛仔

解题分析：本题有难度！一定要注意country还有“地区”的意思，这里指牛仔骑着马走在这片开放之地，故选A。

11.【答案】A

选项翻译：A. 后来 B. 在早期 C. 快速地 D. 突然

解题分析：本题考查反义转折逻辑。根据上一段because they are born into the life可知，有的人出生就注定做牛仔，而本段则讲述一些人是在后来的人生中选择了这份工作，与上一段形成转折关系，故选A。

12.【答案】D

选项翻译：A. 所以 B. 并且 C. 既然 D. 但是

解题分析：本题考查反义转折逻辑。根据上文线索Pat had an office job with the US government with high pay和下文线索he didn't like city life可知，Pat在美国政府的办公室工作，薪水很高，但是他不喜欢城市的生活，下文表转折，故选D。

13.【答案】C

选项翻译：A. 寻找 B. 占据 C. 放弃 D. 关心

解题分析：根据上文线索he didn't like city life和下文线索moved to a ranch in Texas可知，他放弃了自己高薪的工作，故选C。

14.【答案】B

选项翻译：A. 为了 B. 作为 C. 伴随 D. 像

解题分析：根据上文线索moved to a ranch in Texas和making much less money可知，他回到牧场作为一名牛仔赚更少的钱，故选B。

15.【答案】D

选项翻译：A. 放松的 B. 缓慢的 C. 迟的 D. 自由的

解题分析：根据下文线索wake up under the sky and being your own boss可知，在蓝天下醒来和自己当老板是多么自由的一件事，故选D。 jMcMsvhn2bkme1Hu3YhUWXf43AA0+UP8uEJI85XN8HbuwrwGYGOYnZi7nZfa8MpK