本研究的逻辑线索如下。首先,分析中国政策议程设置的整体面貌,及其呈现的优劣面向;其次,选取舆情视角研究政策议程设置模式,提出舆情视角下中国政策议程设置的分析框架,依据多重指标把中国政策议程设置模式分为六种,分析每种模式的特点、表现形式、典型案例;最后,将理论分析与中国政策议程设置的实然状态相结合,给出舆情视角下中国政策议程设置的完善路径,展望中国政策议程设置的优化方向并进行相应的制度设计(见图0-5)。
图0-5 “舆情视角下中国政策议程设置模式及完善路径”研究思路
基于上述线索,本研究的核心内容包括五个方面。
第一,界定概念。明确研究对象为政策议程设置模式,明确研究视角为舆情视角,分析两者的内在逻辑关联,明确研究内容。
第二,中国政策议程设置的整体面貌。分析中国政策议程设置的指导思想、理论基础、发展历程,当前中国政策议程设置的积极面向和存在的问题。为提出舆情视角下中国政策议程设置的分析框架提供依据和导向。
第三,舆情视角下中国政策议程设置的六种模式。围绕舆情视角下中国政策议程设置的分析框架,详细分析七种分类指标的含义,如何用以区分不同模式。通过典型案例具体剖析六种模式的特点、对政策议程的影响。
第四,舆情视角下中国政策议程设置的完善路径。针对舆情视角下中国政策议程设置六种模式的特点和问题,提出相应的完善对策。
第五,舆情视角下中国政策议程设置的优化方向及制度设计。展望中国政策议程设置的优化方向,提出优化政策议程设置模式的制度设计及配套的保障机制。
研究方法上,采用文献研究、案例分析等方法。通过文献研究法列出研究假设,进行研究方案设计,搜集相关文献并对文献进行整理和综述,通过文献研究得出对现实的科学认识。本研究通过对有关政策议程设置与舆情的文献进行整理、分类、分析,对当前的研究成果进行总结,并在此基础上进行舆情视角下中国政策议程设置模式的研究。
在公共政策研究中,案例分析法是一种常用的研究方法。该方法将现实情况与理论连接起来,有助于认识现实的复杂性与模糊性,为可替换方案的构建提供现实资料。这是将理论应用于现实所需要的,以得到更加符合现实的研究成果。本研究选取不同舆情视角下政策议程设置模式中的典型案例,用以分析不同模式的现实依据。
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