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背词小程序
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circus
记 词根记忆：circ(环绕)+us→马在环形广场上钻火圈→马戏
中 n. 马戏；马戏团
例 Everybody laughed when the circus clown appeared.
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accelerate
记 词根记忆：ac(表加强)+celer(速度)+ate(使)→使速度加强→加速；促进
中 vt. 加速；促进
例 Supercomputers dramatically accelerated progress in all areas of life.
派 accelerated(a. 加速的)；acceleration(n. 加速)
参 accentuate(vt. 强调)
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recreation
记 词根记忆：re(一再)+cre(制造)+ ation→一再制造笑料→娱乐
中 n. 娱乐，消遣
例 The employees were too busy for recreation.
考 open-air/outdoor recreation // recreation area
参 recreate(vt. 使得到消遣或娱乐；再创造)
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master
中 n. ① 男主人；雇主
中 ② 师傅；大师，名家
例 The old paintings must be painted by a master’s hand.
中 ③ 硕士
例 Henry got his Master’s degree last year.
中 vt. 精通，掌握
例 Being fresh out of college, he is determined to master every aspect of the family business.
中 a. 主要的
例 This master switch controls power of the entire factory.
派 mastery(n. 掌握，掌控)
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overhear
记 联想记忆：over(经过)+hear(听说)→经过时听到→从旁听到
中 vt. 偶然听到，从旁听到
例 I overheard part of the conversation between you and Joe when I walked by.
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outing
中 n. 远足，郊游，短途旅行
例 Our outing in the countryside was a lot of fun.
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memorial
记 词根记忆：memor(记忆)+ial→记忆的
中 a. 记忆的；纪念的；追悼的
例 I was curious to check some facts about the construction of the memorial hall.
中 n. 纪念物；纪念碑；纪念馆
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momentum
记 联想记忆：moment(瞬间)+um→冲力在瞬间迸发→冲力
中 n. ①动力，冲力，势头
例 The democratic and legal systems were maintaining a strong momentum of development in this country.
考 gain/gather momentum
中 ② 动量
参 比较：momentary(a. 瞬间的)；momentarily(ad. 即刻)
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considerable
中 a. ① 相当大(或多)的，可观的
例 Formerly, too, pictures had given him considerable , and music very great, delight.
中 ② 值得考虑的，重要的
例 Mr. Brown used to be a considerable man in local affairs.
派 considerably(ad. 相当地，可观地)
同 significant(a. 可观的)
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eminent
记 词根记忆：e(出)+min(突出)+ent→突出的→杰出的
中 a. 杰出的，显赫的
例 The line among eminent artists, statesmen and thinkers has grown increasingly blurred.
派 preeminent(a. 卓越的)
参 同根词：imminent(a. 即将来临的)；prominent(a. 卓越的)
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confront ★
记 词根记忆：con(共同)+front(面对)→面对
中 vt. ① 使面临，使遭遇
例 The biggest problem confronted us is limited time.
中 ② 面对(危险等)
例 In order to grow, people need to have a willingness to take risks, to confront the unknown, and to accept the possibility that they may “fail” at first.
派 confrontation(n. 面对，面临)
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cash ★
中 n. 现金，现款
例 run out of cash
考 pay in cash // cash register
中 vt. 兑现，付(或收)现款
例 Jim went to the bank to cash his check.
派 cashless(a. 不使用现金的)
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coupon
记 联想记忆：coup(意外行动)+on→意外得到优惠券→优惠券
中 n. ① 礼券，优惠券，配给券
例 The coupon for roasted meat has expired.
中 ② 票证
例 The coupons have the flight information and the destination cities.
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discriminate
记 词根记忆：dis(离开)+crimin (分开)+ ate(使)→使分开→区别，辨别
中 v. ① 区别，辨别
例 discriminate ...from... // You must discriminate between facts and opinions.
中 ② (against)有差别地对待，歧视
例 Many companies in the country still discriminate against the female sex.
派 discrimination(n. 辨别，区别；歧视)
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frown
记 联想记忆：和brown(a. 褐色的)一起记
中 vi. ①皱眉
例 My boss frowned because I was playing games instead of working.
中 ② (on)不赞成，反对
例 The US Supreme Court frowns on sex-based classifications unless they are designed to address an “important” policy interest.
中 n. 皱眉
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logic
记 词根记忆：log(说话)+ic→说话需要逻辑性→逻辑
中 n. 逻辑；逻辑学
例 Adam explained his idea with admirable logic.
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renew
记 词根记忆：re(重新)+new(新的)→重新开始
中 vt. ① (使)更新，恢复；重新开始，继续
例 renew strength
中 ② 延长…的期限
例 renew a contract // I want to renew some books at the library.
考 renew the affordable housing grants programme
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naive
记 联想记忆：像土著人(native)一样天真(naive)
中 a. 天真的；幼稚的
例 It would be naive to think that this could solve all the area’s problems straight away.
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atom
中 n. ①原子
例 The colors of an aurora depend on the atoms emitting them.
中 ② 微粒，微量
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simplicity
记 联想记忆：simpl(e)(简单的；直率的)+ic+ity(表性质、状态)→简单；直率
中 n. ① 简单，简易；朴素
例 This insight, so profound in its simplicity , opened up an entirely new way of perceiving and understanding human life.
考 voluntary simplicity
中 ② 直率，单纯
例 Annie liked his character marked by frankness and simplicity.
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virtue ★
中 n. ①美德，德行
中 ② 优点，长处
例 A virtue of fluorescent lamps is to save electricity.
考 by virtue of By virtue of Jim’s car, we caught the train.
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imagination ★
中 n. 想象，空想；想象力
例 My childhood imagination will always be a part of me.
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freight
记 联想记忆：f+reight(看作weight，重量)→运费一般按货物的重量计算→运费
中 n. 货物，客货；运费
例 freight train // volume of freight
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rotten
中 a. 腐烂的，腐朽的
例 These bananas should be kept in the fridge, or they will go rotten soon.
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application ★
中 n. ① 请求；申请(书、表)
考 application for The teacher told us how to write an application for a job.
中 ② 应用，运用
例 This theory has many practical applica-tions.
中 ③ 施用，敷用
例 The patient recovered with the applica-tion of olive oil to his nostrils.
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ignorance
记 词根记忆：i(不)+(g)nor(知道)+ance→不知道
中 n. (of)无知，愚昧；不知道
例 We are in complete ignorance of the manager’s thoughts.
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jug
中 n. ① 大罐，壶
例 Do me a favor to pour the coffee into the jug.
中 ② 一大罐(壶)的容量
例 Every day, the baby tiger drinks three jugs of milk.
中 vt. 关押
例 The thief has been jugged three times.
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sniff
记 联想记忆：和snuff(vi. 用鼻子吸)一起记
中 vi. (哧哧地)以鼻吸气，用力吸入
例 When Gracie had stopped crying, she sniffed and dried her eyes.
中 vt. 嗅，闻
例 Mark sniffed the sweetness of the grass.
考 sniff out
中 n. ①吸气(声)
例 The coughs, sneezes, and sniffs of those who have colds mixed together.
中 ② 嗅，闻
例 Take a sniff at the food and distinguish the good from the bad.
同 inhale(v. 吸入，吸气)；smell(v. 闻)
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champagne
记 发音记忆：“香槟”
中 n. 香槟酒
例 The boss’s headache is not soothed by champagne.
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synthetic
中 a. ① 合成的，人造的
例 The carpets they sell are all made of synthetic fabrics.
中 ② 综合的
例 The synthetic subject is too difficult for the students.
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grasp
记 联想记忆：他见到她宛如抓住(grasp)一根救命稻草(grass)
中 vt. ① 抓住，抓紧
例 Sam smiled and grasped Linda’s hand when she came to him.
中 ② 掌握，领会
例 Mark is still unable to grasp what he has seen.
中 n. ① 抓住，抓紧
例 Prynne, with Hester’s wrist held in a firm grasp , draws her toward him.
中 ② 掌握，领会
例 I’m not sure how many Singaporeans have a good grasp of their economic situation now.
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assure ★
记 联想记忆：as+sure(肯定)→一再肯定→使确信
中 vt. ① 使确信，使放心
例 The manager assured the customer that his complaint would be solved immediately.
考 assure sb. of sth. I can assure you of the reliability of the information.
中 ② 保证，担保
例 an assured income // People who’re dieting need a variety of foods to assure a constant supply of nutrients their bodies need.
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stitch
记 联想记忆：stit(看作sit，坐)+ch→坐在那里做针线活→缝
中 n. 一针，针脚
例 A stitch in time saves nine.
中 v. 缝，缝合
例 I’ll stitch up the hole in the sheet before washing.
同 sew(v. 缝制；缝合)；tailor(v. 缝制)
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resume/résumé
记 词根记忆：re(重新)+sum(拿，取)+e→重新拿起→再继续，重新开始
中 resume v. 再继续，重新开始
例 resume one’s spirit // Jack resumed his reading after a nap.
中 résumé n. 摘要，概述；简历
派 resumption(n. 恢复，再开始)
参 比较：presume(vt. 假定，假设)；assume(vt. 假定，设想)
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riot
中 n. ①暴乱，骚乱
例 There was a riot in the town last week.
中 ② (色彩、声音等的)极度丰富
例 The setting sun tinted the sky in a riot of colors.
中 vi. 聚众闹事
例 The mob are rioting in the street.
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essential ★
记 词根记忆：ess(存在)+ential→存在的基础→必要的
中 a. ① (to)必要的，必不可少的
例 They are the possessions of the autonomous man of traditional theory, and they are essential to practices in which a person is held responsible for his conduct and given credit for his achievements.
中 ② 本质的，基本的
例 There is no essential difference between the two proposals.
派 essentially(ad. 本质上)；inessential(a. 无关紧要的)
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distribute
记 词根记忆：dis(分开)+tribut(给)+e→分开给→分配
中 v. ①分配；分布；配(电)
例 distribute sth. equally // distribute expenses
中 ② (over)散布
例 The farmers were distributing seeds over the field.
派 distribution(n. 分配；分布；散布，传播)
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purify
记 词根记忆：pur(纯洁)+ify(使…)→使纯净
中 vt. 使纯净，提纯
例 It is said that the air conditioner can purify the air in the room. // purified water
同 cleanse(v. 清洗；净化)；refine(v. 提炼；净化)
反 contaminate(v. 污染)
参 purely(ad. 纯粹地，完全地)；purist(n. 纯化论者)
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abstract
中 a. 抽象的
例 an abstract concept // Professor Black’s books are very abstract and hard to read.
中 n. 摘要，提要
例 I spent several minutes going over the abstract of that online novel.
考 make an abstract of
中 vt. 提(抽)取
例 Your problem is that you can’t abstract the important points from the lectures.
派 abstraction(n. 抽象；提取)
用重音来区别名词和动词
| 名词 | 动词 |
| ˈabstract | abˈstract |
| ˈimprint | imˈprint |
| ˈconduct | conˈduct |
| ˈpermit | perˈmit |
| ˈcontest | conˈtest |
| ˈproduce | proˈduce |
| ˈdesert | deˈsert |
| ˈrebel | reˈbel |
| ˈdispute | disˈpute |
| ˈrecord | reˈcord |
| ˈdiscount | disˈcount |
| ˈentrance | enˈtrance |
| ˈexport | exˈport |
| ˈimport | imˈport |
| ˈobject | obˈject |
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masterpiece
记 组合词：master(高明的)+piece(篇章)→高明的篇章→杰作，名著
中 n. 杰作，名著
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conspiracy
记 来自conspire(v. 共谋，阴谋)
中 n. 共谋，阴谋
例 I changed my mind and dropped out of the conspiracy.
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stalk
记 联想记忆：s+talk(说话)→悄悄跟踪的时候不能说话→悄悄地跟踪
中 n. 茎，梗，柄
中 v. ① 悄悄地跟踪(猎物等)
例 The fisherman didn’t realize he was stalked by a shark.
中 ② 高视阔步地走
例 After winning, the cock turned and majestically stalked away.
同 stem(n. 茎，干)
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elapse
记 联想记忆：e+lapse(流逝)→消逝
中 vi. 消逝，(时间)过去
例 As time elapses , I gradually forget those painful memories.
参 lapse(v. 流逝；背离)
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surveillance ☆
记 联想记忆：survei(看作survey，查看)+ll+ance(表情况)→查看发生的事情→监视
中 n. (对犯罪嫌疑人或可能发生犯罪的地方的)监视
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tangible ☆
记 联想记忆：tang(接触)+ible(能…的)→可触摸的
中 a. ① 可触摸的，可感知的
中 ② 有形的；实际的，真实的
考 tangible inequities
派 intangible(a. 难以形容的；无形的)
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survey ★
中 vt. ① 俯瞰；眺望
例 Anna liked to survey the view from the top of the hill.
中 ② 全面审视，调查
例 Have the house surveyed before you offer to buy it.
中 ③ 测量，勘定
例 Typically, they survey and sample (make test excavations on) large areas of terrain to determine where excavation will yield useful information.
中 n. ① 俯瞰；眺望；环视
例 An aerial survey would reveal the truth.
中 ② 全面审视，调查
考 sample survey // In a recent survey , it was found that only 24.5 percent of Japanese students were fully satisfied with school life.
中 ③ 勘测；测量图
例 The first thing to do was to make a grand survey of the country.
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horizontal
中 a. ① 地平线的
例 Robin saw the sun rising from the horizontal line.
中 ② 水平的
例 More air is involved in horizontal movements than vertical movements.
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function ★
记 词根记忆：funct(活动)+ion(状态)→运转状态→功能
中 n. ① 功能，作用
例 function key // What functions do these programs fulfill when the operator is absent?
中 ② [pl.]职务，职责
例 It’s our holy functions to protect our motherland.
中 ③ 函数
例 It is obvious that X is the function of Y in the formula.
中 vi. 起作用，发挥机能
例 Politics or, more broadly, the functioning of the state, is a major subject for journalists.
考 function as... Some Chinese adjectives function as verbs.
派 functional(a. 功能的；实用的)；functioning (n. 机能，作用)
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obsession
记 来自obsess(v. 迷住，使困扰)
中 n. ① 牵挂，惦念
例 The mother had an obsession for her son.
中 ② 迷住，入迷；困扰
例 Jeff’s obsession with computer games began one year ago.
中 ③ 萦绕于心的事物或人
例 These obsessions made Tom nervous and irritable.
中 ④ 固执的念头
例 Obsession and compulsion both caused Jack to do irrational things.
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razor
记 来自raze(vt. 夷为平地)
中 n. 剃刀
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destruction
记 词根记忆：de(变坏)+struct(建立)+ion→使建立的东西变坏→破坏
中 n. 破坏；消灭
例 How to save the Amazon rain forest from destruction?
参 同根词：construction(n. 建筑)；reduction(n. 减小，缩小)
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glide
记 联想记忆：和slide(n. 滑动)一起记
中 n./vi. 溜，滑行
例 I watched the graceful glide of a skater. // A jumbo 747 glided silently down.
参 slip(n./v. 滑倒，跌落)
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exception ★
中 n. 例外，除外
例 without exception // There’s an exception to every rule.
考 with the exception of I enjoyed all his novels with the exception of his last.
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committee ★
记 联想记忆：commit(把…交托给)+tee→受委托→委员会，全体委员
中 n. 委员会，全体委员
例 The committee comprises ten people.
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sector
记 词根记忆：sect(切)+or→切成几部分→部分
中 n. ① 部分
例 We are discussing how to assign the private sector of the interests.
中 ② 防御地段，防区
例 There are many guards patrolling in the sector.
中 ③ 扇形
中 ④ 部门；行业；领域
考 state sector // public sector // housing sector // the most overheated sector
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remarkable ★
记 词根记忆：remark(注意到)+able(可…的)→值得注意的
中 a. 值得注意的，显著的；异常的，非凡的
例 remarkable achievements // John’s stories of working in the circus are remarkable.
派 remarkably(ad. 显著地；非凡地)
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category
中 n. 种类
例 The strings are a category of musical instruments.
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terminate
记 词根记忆：termin(界限)+ate→(使某事)停止，结束
中 v. (使某事)停止，结束
例 terminate a contract // Paula’s unhappy married life terminated in divorce.
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brace
记 联想记忆：b+race(竞赛)→军备竞赛，有所防备→使防备
中 vt. ① 使防备，使受锻炼
例 I braced myself for a defeat.
中 ② 支撑；使(手、足、肩等)绷紧
例 Jim braced himself against the door to his apartment and let nobody come in.
中 n. 托架，支架
例 The bookshelf is shaky because the metal braces are loose.
同 prepare(vt. 预备，准备)
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awe
记 发音记忆：“噢”→表示惊惧的声音→惊惧
中 n. 敬畏；惊惧
例 Joe gazed upon the murderer in awe.
中 vt. 使敬畏；使惊惧
例 Everyone in the office was awed by the roar of the manager.
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stagnant
中 a. ① 因停滞或不流动而发臭的
例 a stagnant pond
中 ② 不景气的
例 The government took many measures to revive the stagnant economy.
派 stagnantly(ad. 萧条地)；stagnation(n. 停滞)
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illiterate
记 词根记忆：il(不)+liter(文字，字母)+ate→不识字的→文盲的
中 a. 文盲的，未受教育的
例 In that country, a large percentage of the population is illiterate.
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fabric
记 联想记忆：fab(音似：帆布)+ric→织物
中 n. ① 织物
例 Synthetic fabrics usually don’t wrinkle as easily as cotton.
中 ② (社会或体系的)基本结构
例 The whole fabric of society was changed by the revolution.
考 social fabric
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intention ★
中 n. 意图，意向，目的
例 Tom backed down from his intention to invest his savings in stock market.
派 intentional(a. 有意图的，故意的)；unintentional(a. 无心的，无意的)
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bacterium
中 n. ([pl.] bacteria) 细菌
派 bacterial(a. 细菌的)
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response ★
记 词根记忆：re(回)+spons(允诺)+e→允诺回去→回答
中 n. ① (to)回答，回音
例 The judge asked the witness for his response.
考 be response for...
中 ② (to)反应，响应
例 Studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormones somehow affect the stress response , causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions.
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aisle
记 联想记忆：ai(看作air，空气)+sle→让空气流通的道→通道
中 n. 过道，通道
例 The two men ran into each other in the dark aisle.
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tend ★
记 本身为词根：伸→趋向
中 vi. (to)趋向，往往是
例 People tend to think that the issue will never affect their daily life.
中 vt. 照料，看护
例 Nurses often devote their whole lives to tending the sick.
派 tendency(n. 趋向，趋势)
参 比较：attend(vt. 出席)；contend(v. 竞争)；extend(v. 延伸)；intend(vt. 打算)；pretend(vt. 假装)
