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Word List 04

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形近词

barrier, banner, barrel

barrier [ˈbæriə(r)]

n.障碍,隔阂;界线;栅栏;检票口;屏障

联想记忆:bar(栅栏)+rier→栅栏;障碍

Although many young people blame“socializing”as a barrier to saving money, most of them aren't knocking back $20 drinks in trendy lounges.(2013.12) 尽管许多年轻人把难以存钱归咎于“社交”需要,但大部分年轻人并不会在时尚酒吧一口气喝掉售价20美元的酒精饮料。

banner [ˈbænə(r)]

n.横幅;旗帜

联想记忆:ban(禁止)+n+er→禁止悬挂横幅→横幅

barrel [ˈbærəl]

n.桶;圆筒;枪管

联想记忆:bar(横木)+rel→横木围成的桶→桶

同词根

词根bas(e)表示“基础”: basic, basically, base, basis, basement

basic [ˈbeɪsɪk]

adj.基本的;基础的

词根记忆:bas(基础)+ic(…的)→基础的

basically [ˈbeɪsɪkli]

adv.基本上,从根本上说;主要地

来自basic(adj.基本的)

base [beɪs]

n.基础;基地;底部,基部

basis [ˈbeɪsɪs]

n.基础;根据;原则

On the basis of the police report, the Lummis Accident Committee correctly determined that Mclaughlin had been quite careless.(2013.12) 根据警方的报告,拉米斯公司事故委员会做出了正确的判定,他们断定麦克劳克林驾驶时非常不小心。

basement [ˈbeɪsmənt]

n.地下室,地窖;底座,(建筑物的)底部

词根记忆:base(基础)+ment(具体物)→地下室,地窖

相关词

与“战争;战略”相关的词:battle, campaign, combat, strategy, warfare

battle [ˈbætl]

n.战役,斗争 vi.作战

I thought they were marvelous, especially the battle in space, incredible.(2012.12) 我觉得特效很精彩,尤其是那场太空大战,让人不可思议。

campaign [kæmˈpeɪn]

n.战役;运动 vi.参加(或发起)运动;参加竞选

联想记忆:camp(田野;营地)+aign→在田野空地上容易战斗→战役

combat [ˈkɒmbæt]

n.战争,斗争,格斗 vt.与…斗争,与…战斗

词根记忆:com(共同)+bat(打,击)→互相打斗→格斗

unarmed combat 徒手格斗

strategy [ˈstrætədʒi]

n.战略,策略

联想记忆:str(看作strange 奇怪的)+ate(吃)+gy→用奇怪的方法“吃掉”对手→策略

warfare [ˈwɔːfeə(r)]

n.战争(状态);斗争;冲突

联想记忆:war(战争)+fare→战争(状态)

psychological warfare 心理战

相关词

表示“身体毛发”的词:beard, brow, eyebrow, hair

beard [bɪəd]

n.胡须,络腮胡子

联想记忆:bear(熊)+d→像熊一样毛茸茸的→胡须

brow [braʊ]

n.额;眉,眉毛

联想记忆:风吹(blow)乱了她前额(brow)的刘海

eyebrow [ˈaɪbraʊ]

n.眉毛

hair [heə(r)]

n.头发,毛发

At 4:30 you have an appointment with your hair dresser.(2013.6) 你预约了4点半去见你的发型师。

近义词

在…下面:beneath, below, under, underneath

beneath [bɪˈniːθ]

adv.在下方,在底下 prep.在…下方;(地位)低于,次于;在…掩盖下;连…也不值得;有失…的身份

in or to a lower position than somebody/something

词根记忆:be(加强)+neath(在…之下)→在…下方

below [bɪˈləʊ]

adv.在下面,到下面 prep.在…下面,到…下面;在…以下,低于

at or to a lower level or position than somebody/something

Throughout much of the 1960s, more than a quarter of men and women age 65 and older lived below the poverty level, compared to less than 10 percent in 2010.(2014.12) 在几乎整个20世纪60年代,超过四分之一的65岁及以上的老人生活在贫困线以下,而2010年这一比例则低于10%。

under [ˈʌndə(r)]

adv.在下面,往下面 prep.在…下面,在…底下;少于;低于;在…管辖下;在…影响下

in, to or through a position that is below something

underneath [ˌʌndəˈniːθ]

adv.在下面,在底下 prep.在…下面,在…底下 n.下部,底部

under or below something else, especially when it is hidden or covered by the thing on top

词根记忆:under(在…下面)+neath(在…之下)→在下面,在底下

联想词

我们bet,天气wet,不坐jet

bet [bet]

v.打赌;敢断言;确信 n.打赌;赌金,赌注

wet [wet]

adj.湿的,潮的;多雨的,雨天的 vt.把…弄湿;使潮湿

The player proceeded to rub his gloves across his wet T-shirt and then exclaimed "Are they wet enough now?" (2005.6) 那名选手进而用手套在他湿漉漉的T恤上蹭了蹭后大喊道:“现在它们够湿了吗?”

jet [dʒet]

n.喷气式飞机;喷嘴;喷射 vi.乘喷气式飞机

同词根

词根bio表示“生命; 生物”:biography, biological, biochemistry, biochemist, biologist, biotechnology

biography [baɪˈɒɡrəfi]

n.传记

词根记忆:bio(生命)+graphy(写)→记录生命历程→传记

biological [ˌbaɪəˈlɒdʒɪkl]

adj.生物的;生物学的

词根记忆:bio(生物)+logical(…学的)→生物学的

Looking at the basic biological systems, the world is not doing very well.(2015.6) 从基本生态系统上看,这个世界的发展状况并不是那么好。

biochemistry [ˌbaɪəʊˈkemɪstri]

n.生物化学

词根记忆:bio(生物)+chemistry(化学)→生物化学

biochemist [ˌbaɪəʊˈkemɪst]

n.生物化学家

词根记忆:bio(生物)+chem(化学)+ist(表人)→生物化学家

biologist [baɪˈɒlədʒɪst]

n.生物学家

词根记忆:bio(生物)+logist(…学家)→生物学家

biotechnology [ˌbaɪəʊtekˈnɒlədʒi]

n.生物技术

相关词

表示“学科”的词:biology, sociology, philosophy, zoology, geography, geology

biology [baɪˈɒlədʒi]

n.生物;生物学,生态学

词根记忆:bio(生物,生命)+logy(学科)→生物学,生态学

Any research that suggests the abilities to perform certain behaviors are based in biology is controversial.(2010.12) 任何表明人类表现出特定行为的能力是源自生物本能的研究都颇受争议。

sociology [ˌsəʊsiˈɒlədʒi]

n.社会学

词根记忆:soci(同伴,结交)+ology(学科)→社会学

philosophy [fəˈlɒsəfi]

n.哲学;哲理,人生哲学;基本原理;哲学体系

词根记忆:philo(爱)+soph(智慧)+y→爱智慧→哲学;人生哲学

zoology [zuˈɒlədʒi]

n.动物学

geography [dʒiˈɒɡrəfi]

n.地理;地理学;地形

geology [dʒiˈɒlədʒi]

n.地质学

相关词

与“日常工具”相关的词:blade, clip, scissors, screw, axe, hammer, spade, broom, mop

blade [bleɪd]

n.刀刃;刀片;叶片

clip [klɪp]

n.(弹簧)夹子;回形针,别针;剪,修剪;弹夹,弹仓;剪报;电影(或电视)片断 vt.(用夹子、回形针等)夹住,扣住;剪,修剪

scissors [ˈsɪzəz]

n.剪刀

词根记忆:sciss(分开,分裂)+ors→能把物品分成两半的东西→剪刀

screw [skruː]

n.螺丝(钉) vt.用螺钉固定;拧;压榨

联想记忆:s+crew(工友)→工友们在流水线上钉螺丝钉

put the screw(s) on...对…施加压力,强迫;screw up 拧紧;使(脸)扭曲;把…弄糟

axe [æks]

n.斧头

hammer [ˈhæmə(r)]

n.锤,榔头 v.锤击

hammer (away) at 不断强调;不断致力于;hammer out (经过长时间或艰难的讨论后)达成一致

spade [speɪd]

n.铲,铁锹

联想记忆:sp+ade(看作blade 刀刃)→铲子的边缘如刀刃一般锋利→铲

broom [bruːm]

n.扫帚

mop [mɒp]

n.拖把

近义词

爆炸:blast, burst, explode

blast [blɑːst]

vi.爆炸 vt.炸毁 n.爆炸;冲击波;一阵(疾风等)

to violently destroy or break something into pieces, using explosives

词根记忆:blas(毁坏)+t→爆炸毁坏了房屋→爆炸;炸毁

a blast of cold air 一阵凉风

burst [bɜːst]

v.(使)爆裂,爆炸;突然打开;突然发作;挤满 n.爆炸

to break open or apart, especially because of pressure from inside;to make something break in this way

burst into 闯入;突然长出;突然变成

explode [ɪkˈspləʊd]

v.(使)爆炸;激增;爆发

to burst or make something burst loudly and violently, causing damage

联想记忆:探险(explore)时遭遇爆炸(explode)

explosion(n.爆炸);explosive(adj.爆炸的)

相关词

表示“结合;混合”的词:blend, combine, integrate, melt

blend [blend]

n./v.混合

联想记忆:b+lend(借)→借来借去都混了→混合

combine

[kəmˈbaɪn] v.结合,联合;化合

[ˈkɒmbaɪn] n.联合企业(或团体);联合收割机

词根记忆:com(共同)+bi(两个)+ne→使两个在一起→结合

If we combine our efforts we can make a difference.(2015.6) 如果我们共同努力,就会带来改变。

combination(n.结合)

integrate [ˈɪntɪɡreɪt]

v.(使)成为一体,(使)合并

词根记忆:integr(完整)+ate(使…)→使完整→(使)成为一体,(使)合并

integrate into/with...与…结合

integration(n.结合,一体化)

melt [melt]

v.(使)融化;(使)溶化;(使)消散

联想词

玫瑰红如blood,美女容易blind,就算心在bleed,谁也不能blame

blood [blʌd]

n.血,血液

bloody(adj.血腥的)

blind [blaɪnd]

adj.瞎的,盲的;盲目的

bleed [bliːd]

vi.出血,流血 vt.使出血;勒索…的钱

blame [bleɪm]

vt.责怪,埋怨;把…归咎于

Consumers of sweet foods are not really to blame because they cannot tell what food is sugary.(2014.12) 买含糖食品的顾客其实不应该被责怪,因为他们也分辨不清哪些食品含糖。

相关词

与“花”相关的词:bloom, blossom, bud, lily

bloom [bluːm]

n.花;开花;开花期;青春焕发(的时期) vi.开花

联想记忆:杜鹃花开(bloom)鲜红如血(blood)

blossom [ˈblɒsəm]

n.(尤指果树的)花 vi.[植物学]开花;发展;兴旺

联想记忆:花(bloom)中间又开出了两朵s形的花→开花

in (full) blossom 盛开;blossom out 发展;blossom into长成

bud [bʌd]

n.花蕾;幼芽 vi.发芽,萌芽

联想记忆:泥土(mud)中发出的芽(bud)

lily [ˈlɪli]

n.百合花,百合 adj.洁白的

相关词

表示“模糊”的词:blur, muddy, vague

blur [blɜː(r)]

n.模糊;模糊的东西 v.(使…)模糊不清

联想记忆:海天碧蓝(blue)一色,界线模糊(blur)不清

muddy [ˈmʌdi]

adj.模糊的;泥泞的,沾满烂泥的;(光、色泽)灰暗的,暗淡的;(思维等)混乱的或不清晰的 vt.使沾上烂泥;使(形势、争端等)显得扑朔迷离

来自mud(n.泥,泥浆)

vague [veɪɡ]

adj.(外形或轮廓、记忆或想法)模糊的;含糊的

词根记忆:vag(漫游)+ue→思绪游走→模糊的;含糊的

近义词

委员会:board, committee, council

board [bɔːd]

n.委员会,董事会;木板,纸板;板,牌子;(包饭的)伙食 v.上(船、飞机、车等);搭伙;膳宿

a group of people who have power to make decisions and control a company or other organization

on board 在船(车或飞机)上

committee [kəˈmɪti]

n.委员会,全体委员

a group of people who are chosen, usually by a larger group, to make decisions or to deal with a particular subject

联想记忆:commit(把…交托给)+tee→把事情交给委员会来处理→委员会

Tom, would you be interested in serving on the membership committee this year? (2015.6) 汤姆,你有兴趣担任今年的会员资格审查委员会的委员吗?

council [ˈkaʊnsl]

n.理事会;委员会

a group of people who are elected to govern an area such as a city or a county

the UN Security Council 联合国安理会

相关词

表示“傲慢;虚荣;吹嘘”的词:boast, brag, arrogant, vanity

boast [bəʊst]

vi.自夸,吹嘘 vt.以拥有…而自豪 n.自吹自擂,自夸的话

联想记忆:北京的烤鸭(roast duck)值得夸耀(boast)→以拥有…而自豪

He always boasts about his rich father.(2009.6) 他总是吹嘘自己有钱的父亲。

boast of/about 自夸,夸耀,吹嘘

boastful(adj.自夸的)

brag [bræɡ]

v.吹嘘;夸耀

arrogant [ˈærəɡənt]

adj.傲慢的,自大的

词根记忆:ar(加强)+rog(要求)+ant(…的)→一再要求→傲慢的,自大的

arrogance(n.自大)

vanity [ˈvænəti]

n.空虚;虚荣;自负

词根记忆:van(空)+ity(状态)→空虚的状态→空虚;虚荣

近义词

勇敢的,英勇的:bold, brave, heroic, daring

bold [bəʊld]

adj.勇敢的;鲁莽的;粗(字)体的,黑(字)体的;醒目的

(of people or behaviour) brave and confident;not afraid to say what you feel or to take risks

联想记忆:b+old(年长)→年长的人通常不会太鲁莽→鲁莽的

brave [breɪv]

adj.勇敢的

(of a person) willing to do things which are difficult, dangerous or painful;not afraid

联想记忆:坟墓(grave)里躺着勇敢的(brave)阵亡士兵

bravery(n.勇敢)

heroic [həˈrəʊɪk]

adj.英雄的;英勇的

showing extreme courage and admired by many people

The mayor awarded the police officer a medal of honor for his heroic deed in rescuing the earthquake victims.(2005.6) 市长授予这位警察一枚荣誉勋章,以此表彰他在地震中救助受灾者的英勇行为。

heroic deeds 英勇事迹

daring [ˈdeərɪŋ]

adj.勇敢的,大胆的;鲁莽的 n.勇敢,勇气;冒险精神

brave;willing to do dangerous or unusual things;involving danger or taking risks

相关词

与“联系;连接”相关的词:bond, conjunction, connection, joint, link

bond [bɒnd]

n.联结,联系;公债;契约,合同 v.(使)黏合;(使)结合

发音记忆:“绑得”→绑在一起→联结

the bond market 债券市场

conjunction [kənˈdʒʌŋkʃn]

n.结合,连接,联合;连(接)词;巧合

词根记忆:con(加强)+junct(连接,联合)+ion(状态)→连接,联合

in conjunction with 与…协力,连同

connection [kəˈnekʃn]

n.联系;(因果)关系;连接(部分);衔接,连贯性;熟人;关系(户)

词根记忆:con(共同)+nect(连结)+ion(状态)→连在一起→联系;连接

in connection with...关于,与…有关系;make a connection with sb.与某人建立联系;have a connection with...与…有关系

joint [dʒɔɪnt]

n.关节;接头,接缝 adj.连接的;共同的

词根记忆:join(结合,连接)+t→接头,接缝

But you both need to know what you're doing, who's paying what into the joint account and how much you keep separately.(2011.12) 但是你们双方都需要知道你们在做什么,谁向共同账户上存了多少钱,以及你们各自存了多少钱。

out of joint 脱臼;出了问题;处于混乱状态

link [lɪŋk]

v.连接,联系 n.环节;联系;纽带;交通路线

So there used to be transport problems, now though there are new train links and better roads, but it may be that some smaller towns inland remain not very well connected.(2011.12) 所以过去存在交通问题,现在尽管新开通了火车线路,改善了公路系统,但一些较小的内陆城镇仍然不能很好地与周边连接。

linkage(n.连接)

近义词

边缘,边界:border, boundary, frontier, margin

border [ˈbɔːdə(r)]

n.边缘;边界 vt.给…加上边/围;邻接;与…接壤

the line that divides two countries or areas;the land near this line

联想记忆:b+order(命令)→听从命令,不许出边界→边缘;边界

boundary [ˈbaʊndri]

n.分界线;边界

a real or imagined line that marks the limits or edges of something and separates it from other things or places;a dividing line

词根记忆:bound(界限)+ary(表场所)→边界

frontier [ˈfrʌntɪə(r)]

n.边境,边疆;新领域,(尤指知识的)前沿

the limit of something, especially the limit of what is known about a particular subject or activity

联想记忆:front(前方)+ier→边境是祖国的最前方→边境

margin [ˈmɑːdʒɪn]

n.页边的空白;差数,差额;利润率;边缘;余地

the extreme edge or limit of a place

Products with a high profit margin are always placed on shelves within easy reach of the customer.(2013.6) 具有高利润率的产品总是被摆放在顾客能轻易够到的货架上。

近义词

弹,跳:bound, bounce, leap, skip, pulse

bound [baʊnd]

vi.跳跃;弹回,反跃vt.成为…的界限,给…划界;跳跃着跑 n.跳跃;界限;限制 adj.一定的;有义务的

to run with long steps, especially in an enthusiastic way

和round(n.圆 adj.圆的)一起记

be/feel bound to… 对…有义务的;be bound up in 热衷于,忙于;be bound up with… 与…有密切关系

bounce [baʊns]

v.(使)弹起,(使)反弹;(使)颠跳 n.弹,反弹

to move up and down;to move something up and down

联想记忆:又跳(bound)又弹(bounce)

leap [liːp]

v.跳(过),跃(过) n.跳跃;骤变;激增

to jump high or a long way

One way over-worked, under-resourced parents show commitment to their children is to leap to their defense.(2008.12) 工作过度而没有时间的父母许诺孩子的其中一个方式就是,大步地冲过去保护他们。

by/in leaps and bounds 极其迅速地;leap at sth.迫不及待地接受某事物

skip [skɪp]

n.跳,蹦跳 vt.跳过,略过,漏过 vi.跳;跳绳

to move forwards lightly and quickly making a little jump with each step

pulse [pʌls]

vi.搏动;跳动 n.脉搏;脉冲

to move, beat or flow with strong regular movements or sounds

词根记忆:puls(驱动)+e→搏动

相关词

与“压印;记号”相关的词:brand, impress, mark

brand [brænd]

n.烙印;商标,(商品的)牌子 vt.铭刻,打烙印于…;加污名于…,谴责

impress [ɪmˈpres]

vt.印,压印;给…留下深刻印象

词根记忆:im(进入)+press(压)→压进去→压印

impress...on 给…留下深刻印象

impression(n.印象)

mark [mɑːk]

n.记号;斑点 vt.做记号于…;标明

相关词

与“金属;化学元素”相关的词: brass, copper, aluminium, nickel, silicon, silver, rust

brass [brɑːs]

n.黄铜;黄铜器;铜管乐器

联想记忆:敲击黄铜(brass)可发出低沉的声音(bass)

copper [ˈkɒpə(r)]

n.铜;铜币;铜制器

联想记忆:cop(警察)+per→警察制服上的铜扣→铜

aluminium [ˌæljəˈmɪniəm]

n.铝

nickel [ˈnɪkl]

n.镍;(美国和加拿大的)五分镍币,五分钱

发音记忆:“你抠”→连五分钱都舍不得给→五分钱

silicon [ˈsɪlɪkən]

n.硅

Silicon Valley 硅谷

Mr.Jobs dropped out of Reed College after only a semester and traveled around India in search of spiritual enlightenment, before returning to Silicon Valley to found Apple with his friend,Stephen Wozniak, an engineering wizard.(2015.6) 乔布斯先生在瑞德学院待了仅仅一个学期就辍学了,之后为了寻求精神上的启迪而去环游印度,然后返回了硅谷,和他的朋友斯蒂芬 · 沃兹尼亚克,一位工程学的奇才,一起创建了苹果公司。

silver [ˈsɪlvə(r)]

n.银;银器;银币 adj.银的

rust [rʌst]

n.铁锈 v.(使)生锈;氧化

联想记忆:生锈(rust)后加上c成了硬壳(crust)

近义词

勇气,胆量:bravery, courage, gut, nerve

bravery [ˈbreɪvəri]

n.勇敢

the quality of being brave

词根记忆:brav(e)(勇敢)+ery(状态)→勇敢

courage [ˈkʌrɪdʒ]

n.勇气,胆量

the ability to do something dangerous, or to face pain or opposition, without showing fear

gut [ɡʌt]

n.胆量,勇气;内脏 adj.本能的

the courage and determination that it takes to do something difficult or unpleasant

nerve [nɜːv]

n.勇敢,胆量;神经

the courage to do something difficult or dangerous

联想记忆:军人为人民服务(serve)首先要勇敢(nerve)

Were they turned off because an American had the nerve to instruct Japanese in their own art form or they deliberately trying to signal their rejection of her? (2015.6) 他们不为她所动,是因为一个美国人胆敢向日本人教授日本的艺术,还是因为他们故意试图发出抵制她的信号?

get on sb.'s nerves 惹得某人心烦;have nerve to 有勇气;lose one's nerve 失去勇气

nervous(adj.神经的;紧张的)

联想词

课间break,想尽情breathe,开窗吹吹breeze,谁知有点freeze

break [breɪk]

v.打破;损坏,弄坏;破坏;违反;中止,中断;打破(纪录);减弱…的势头,减轻(打击等)的力度;(天)破晓,(天气)转晴 n.(课间或工间)休息,间歇;破裂

They change sugar into acids which break down the tooth's harder outer-covering.(2014.12) 它们将糖转化为酸性物质,而酸性物质会损坏牙齿上较为坚硬的牙釉质。

breathe [briːð]

v.呼吸,呼出

breeze [briːz]

n.微风,和风 vi.飘然而行

freeze [friːz]

v.结冰;凝固 n.冻结;冰冻期 O5jIlqZ6WptdlR4hrr7gjTuxccZdik/25FNHkejoeSApRfreSD3hCiZKvl4euBGw

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