三、分数词

74 分数词

分数词（fractional numbers）的构成法：

分数词由基数词和序数词构成，基数词代表分子，序数词代表分母。除了分子为1的情况外，序数词都要用复数形式：

分数词在句中的作用：

分数词在句中可用作：

a. 主语：

A quarter of the clerks are communists. 有四分之一的职员是共产党员。

Three-fifths of the electronic products on display were new items. 展出的电子产品有五分之三是新产品。

Over nine-fifths of China’s inhabitants belong to the Han nationality. 十分之九以上的中国居民都是汉族。

b. 宾语或介词宾语：

They spent one-fourth of the household income on payment for houses by monthly installments. 他们把家庭收入的四分之一用于住房还贷月供上。

The trunk took up two-thirds of the space. 那个大箱子占了三分之二的地方。

c. 表语或同位语：

The crop that year was only two-thirds of the usual amount. 那年的收成只是正常年景的三分之二。

Twenty cents is one-fifth a dollar. 二十美分是一美元的五分之一。

d. 定语：

It’s one-twentieth the thickness of a human hair. 它相当于人头发丝的二十分之一那样细。

The mass of an electron is 1/1850 that a hydrogen atom. 电子的质量是氢原子的一千八百五十分之一。

e. 状语：

This street is four times shorter than that one. 这条街道是那条的四分之一。

This substance reacts one-tenth as fast as the other one. 这种物质的反应速度是另一物质的十分之一。

The bottle had been about three-quarters full then. 那时瓶子约四分之三满。

小数的读法如下：

6.5—six point five

0.3—zero（或 nought）point three

0.04—（nought）point nought four 或 zero point zero four

0.125—（nought）point one two five 或 zero point one two five

14.973—fourteen point nine seven three

805.06—eight hundred and five point zero six

小数作定语时较多：

Its total output value was up 3.6 times in three years. 总产值三年增长了3.6倍。

Its capacity was 7.3 times as great as in 1970. 它的生产能力是1970年的7.3倍。

76 百分数的用法

百分数由per cent表示，常常和by连用，作状语：

The price was raised by 8 per cent. 价格升高了百分之八。

Its total output value increased by 11.5 per cent over the previous year. 它的总产值比前一年增长了百分之十一点五（11.5%）。

它有时也单独作状语：

Prices have risen about 2 per cent in the past year. 去年物价上涨了大约两个百分点。

The output value of chemical fertilizer in the first quarter was 18 per cent above that of the same period in 2005. 第一季度化肥总产量比2005年同期增长了百分之十八。

它还可用作主语（a）、宾语（b）或定语（c）：

a. About 40 per cent of the students are girls. 约有百分之四十的学生是女生。

90 per cent of most food is water. 大多数食物百分之九十都是水分。

b. The loss of metal has been reduced to less than 20%. 金属损耗已被减少到百分之二十以下。

c. The March figure for output value registered a 37 per cent increase over February. 三月份的产值比二月份增长了百分之三十七。 p1mRiaSdOeUHvhBULVu74EMTOkjuBapAG4PaR96HpviB8X7aNg3ctrC4pqBeklW/