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a. 专有名词前一般不加冠词：
Baghdad has a centuries-old history. 巴格达有悠久的历史。
Stuart has been to China and he loves the country deeply. 斯图亚特到过中国，他深深地爱着这个国家。
b. 可数名词复数用于一般意义时，不加冠词：
Horses are useful animals. 马是非常有用的动物。
Women live longer than men in most countries. 在多数国家女人比男人活得长。
c. 抽象名词用于一般意义时不加冠词：
Life is short; art is long. 生命短暂，而艺术长存。
Science is making rapid progress in China. 中国的科学正在飞速发展。
d. 物质名词用于一般意义时不加冠词：
We use water for drinking and washing. 我们把水用于饮用和清洗。
I cut my hand on glass. 我被玻璃割破了手。
a. 呼语：
Good evening, children!孩子们，晚安！
Can I help you, ma’am（madam）? 我能为你做点什么，夫人？
b. 对家人和亲属的称呼：
Mum, could you give me some money? 妈妈，你能给我点儿钱吗？
Grandma could hardly believe it. 奶奶简直不能相信这件事。
c. 季节、月份、日期、节日名称：
Autumn is a beautiful season. 秋天是美丽的季节。
We’ve had to put our wedding off until September. 我们得把婚礼延期到九月。
d. daybreak, dawn, noon, midnight, dusk, night, sunrise这类时间名词：
At dusk the lights of the village come on. 黄昏时分乡村的灯亮了。
Before daylight it started to drizzle. 天亮前开始下起毛毛雨。
The attack came just before dawn. 拂晓前，进攻开始了。
e.抽象化的个体名词（如bed, church, class, college, school, university, work, hospital, court, prison, market, sea, town等）：
It was too late for bed. 现在睡觉太晚了。
They decided to send their son to university. 他们决定送儿子上大学。
Those prodigals were put into prison. 那些挥霍者被关进监狱。
They decided to settle the problem out of court. 这个问题他们决定在庭外解决。
f. 很多短语中的名词（单是make或put就可构成许多这类短语）：
make friends with 和……交朋友
make fun of 开……的玩笑
make advances to 提前到
make allowances for 考虑到……
make amends for 弥补（过失）
make ends meet 使收支相抵
make eyes at 向……抛媚眼
make haste 赶紧
make love to 向……示爱
make room for 为……腾地方
make round 巡查
make sense 有道理
make shift（with） 凑合，将就
make trouble 捣乱
put at ease 使安心
put in mind of 使想起
put in order 整顿
put in touch with 使和……接触
put into effect 执行，实施
put in（to）force 使生效
put into power 使……上台执政
put into practice 付诸实践
put on weight 增加体重
put to bed 安顿睡觉
put to death 处死
put to flight 使……逃走
put to music 谱成曲
put to sea 起航
put to shame 使感到羞愧
put to use 加以利用
在不少情况下还可省略冠词：
（The）City Congress to be in session Monday 市议会星期一召开
（A）Supermarket Fire Disaster 超市大火成灾
（The）Tigers（are）dangerous. 老虎危险。
Cut along（the）dotted line. 沿虚线剪开。
（The）Causes of（the）World War Ⅱ：massive rearmament，（the）invasion（of）Czechoslovakia... 第二次世界大战起因：大规模重整军备，入侵捷克斯洛伐克……
（The）Algerian crisis led to（the）downfall of（the）French government in May 1958. 阿尔及利亚危机导致法国政府于1958年5月倒台。
Alina［Open（the）door quickly; to Alexander］：Come in, quickly. 艾琳娜（迅速开门，对亚历山大说）：快进来。
Exit in（the）courtyard. 出去，到院子里。
（The）BBC English Dictionary BBC英语词典
filling：（a）material used to fill（a）cavity in（a）tooth. 补牙填料：用来填入牙内空洞的材料。