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Post-holiday guilt并不稀奇，度假途中纵情的不只是眼前的美景，还有一路难以抗拒的美食。大吃大喝过后，换上大码的裤子并不是唯一的坏处，尤其是男性——你们要小心了。
测试中可能遇到的词汇和知识：
guilt内疚[gɪlt]
The Lancet柳叶刀（杂志名）['lɑːnsɪt]
epidemic传染病；流行病[epɪ'demɪk]
strict严格的；绝对的；精确的；详细的[strɪkt]
mortality死亡数，死亡率[mɔː'tælɪtɪ]
pose造成，形成[pəʊz]
BMI身体质量指数（Body Mass Index）
stroke中风[strəʊk]
regain恢复；重新获得[rɪ'geɪn]
阅读马上开始，建议您计算一下阅读整篇文章所用的时间，对照下方的参考值就可以评估出您的英文阅读水平。
We have all had the experience of returning home from a wonderful holiday abroad only to find that our trousers no longer fit.
The need to buy a bigger pair is, however, not the only downside of eating and drinking too much — a study says that being even marginally overweight can increase your risk of dying prematurely, especially if you are a man.
The study, published in The Lancet, was one of the largest ever conducted, involving body mass index data from more than 10m people in North America, Europe, Asia, Australia and New Zealand. It provides further evidence that the obesity epidemic — well known in the US and UK — has spread to east Asia as well.
The study's authors said they were concerned that recent research papers had suggested that being overweight but not obese was somehow protective against disease. The results of this meta-analysis show those reports were incorrect, they said.
“We were able to use much stricter methodology to show that actually being overweight and slightly obese are associated with an increased risk of mortality,” said Emanuele Di Angelantonio, a lecturer at Cambridge university who worked on the Lancet study.
The analysis illustrated the health risks that obesity poses. Men who are 35 years old and have a normal weight have a 19 per cent risk of dying before age 70, while the number is only 11 per cent for women.
But when you add obesity to the equation, the risk for men rises to a 29 per cent chance of dying of all causes before age 70, while for women it rises to just 14 per cent. The excess risk for men caused by obesity is thus three times that for women. Going from what the US terms grade-one obesity, defined as a BMI of 25-29.9, to grade two, which is a BMI over 40, causes a rapid, hockey-stick-shaped increase in risk. BMI is defined as your weight in kilogrammes divided by the square of your height in metres.
While the study did not look at causes, other research has shown that obese men tend to have more heart attacks and strokes as well as diabetes and fatty liver disease than women.
The logical conclusion is that obese people need to lose weight but Dr Di Angelantonio acknowledged that this can be difficult. A meta-analysis published in the British Medical Journal in 2014 noted that while attempts to change diet and exercise behaviours were often successful, “few people manage to maintain these changes in weight over the long term”.
But if you are successful at changing diet and physical activity sufficiently to lose those extra kilos, there is a considerable health benefit, Dr Di Angelantonio said. If you are a man and you lose 10 per cent of your body weight, your risk of dying is reduced by 20 per cent, he said. If you are a woman and lose 10 per cent of your body weight, your risk is reduced by 10 per cent.
“Losing weight is a very difficult business and studies show most people tend to regain the lost weight in 12-24 months,” Dr Di Angelantonio said. “That's why we need new strategies for increasing physical activity and healthy eating.”
请根据你所读到的文章内容，完成以下自测题目：
A.the risk of being unhealthy
B.the risk of dying prematurely
C.the risk of sleeping deprivation
D.the risk of malnutrition
答案 (1)
A.11 per cent risk of dying
B.18 per cent risk of dying
C.19 per cent risk of dying
D.35 per cent risk of dying
答案 (2)
A.BMI of 25-29.9
B.BMI of 30-39.9
C.BMI of 45-49.9
D.BMI over 50
答案 (3)
A.reduced by 10 per cent
B.reduced by 20 per cent
C.reduced by 35 per cent
D.reduced by 40 per cent
答案 (4)
(1) 答案：B.the risk of dying prematurely解释：对于男人来说，如果是体重刚好超重，这容易增加过早死的风险。
(2) 答案：C.19 per cent risk of dying解释：一个男人拥有着标准体重，在七十岁之前的死亡率会达到百分之十九。
(3) 答案：A.BMI of 25-29.9解释：美国制定的一级肥胖症的标准是身体质量指数在25至29.9之间。
(4) 答案：B.reduced by 20 per cent解释：当一个男人减掉自身体重的百分十的时候，他的死亡风险会降低百分之二十。