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Text 2

1. Stafford-on-Avon, as we all know, has only one industry—William Shakespeare—but there are two distinctly separate and increasingly hostile branches.

译 文: 众所周知,埃文河畔的斯特拉特福小镇只有一种产业——威廉·莎士比亚——但是它却有两个泾渭分明而且日益对立的分支。

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讲 解: 该句由并列连词but连接两个并列分句。分句1由主谓宾结构构成,句中关系代词as引导非限制性定语从句,as指代分句1的整句话;分句2是there be句型。

词 汇: distinctly [dɪ'stɪŋktli] ad. 明显地;无疑地

separate [seprət] a. 分开的

hostile ['hɒstaɪl] a. 敌对的

2. There is the Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC), which presents superb productions of the plays at the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre on the Avon.

译 文: 一个是皇家莎士比亚剧团,该剧团一直在埃文河畔莎士比亚纪念剧院呈现莎翁的出色戏剧作品。

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讲 解: 该句是复合句,主句是there be结构,which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰主语。第二层定语从句由主谓宾结构构成,关系代词作主语。

词 汇: present [prɪ'zent] v. 呈现

superb [suː'pɜːb] a. 极好的;华丽的

3. And there are the townsfolk who largely live off the tourists who come, not to see the plays, but to look at Anne Hathaway’s Cottage, Shakespeare’s birthplace and the other sights.

译 文: 另一个是靠游客为生的小镇居民。这些游客的目的不是看戏,而是看安妮·海瑟薇的小屋、莎士比亚的出生地和其他景点。

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讲 解: 该句是there be句型,句中主语作先行词,后跟who引导的定语从句。第二层定语从句是主谓宾结构,从句中who引导的定语从句修饰宾语tourists。第三层定语从句中使用了并列结构“not...but...(不是……而是)”,连接两个动词不定式作宾语。

词 汇: townsfolk [‘taʊnzfəʊk] n. 镇民

live off 靠……生活

4. The worthy residents of Stafford doubt that the theater adds a penny to their revenue.

译 文: 受人尊敬的斯特拉特福镇居民对于剧院能否使他们的收入增加一便士表示怀疑。

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讲 解: 该句由主谓宾结构构成,宾语部分是that引导的宾语从句。

词 汇: revenue [‘revənjuː] n. 收入

worthy ['wɜːði] a. 值得的;可尊敬的

5. They frankly dislike the RSC’s actors, them with their long hair and beards and sandals and noisiness.

译 文: 他们坦率地表示讨厌皇家莎士比亚剧团的演员,讨厌他们的人和他们的长发、胡须、凉鞋和吵闹。

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讲 解: 该句由主谓宾结构构成,句中them作同位语,with介词短语作伴随状语。

词 汇: sandal [‘sænd(ə)l] n. 凉鞋

6. It’s all deliciously ironic when you consider that Shakespeare, who earns their living, was himself an actor (with a beard) and did his share of noise-making.

译 文: 当你联想到这些居民赖以为生的莎士比亚本人也是一个演员(留着胡须),并且把“制造噪音”当作分内工作来做时,你会更感到这是一个有趣的讽刺。

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讲 解: 该句为主从复合句,主句是主系表结构,从句是从属连词when引导的时间状语从句。第二层时间状语从句由主谓宾结构构成,宾语部分为that引导的宾语从句。第三层宾语从句是并列复合结构,并列连词and连接两个并列句,前一句是主系表结构,主语后跟who引导的定语从句,后一句是主谓宾结构。第四层定语从句是由主谓宾结构构成,关系代词who作主语。

词 汇: deliciously [dɪ'lɪʃəsli] ad. 美味地,芬芳地

ironic [aɪ'rɒnɪk] a. 讽刺的;反话的

7. The tourist streams are not entirely separate.

译 文: 游客流倒不是完全分开的。

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词 汇: stream [striːm] n. 溪流;流动

8. The sightseers who come by bus—and often take in Warwick Castle and Blenheim Palace on the side—don’t usually see the plays, and some of them are even surprised to find a theater in Stafford.

译 文: 搭汽车来的游客通常去参观华威城堡,此外还去布莱尼姆宫,通常不看戏,有些人甚至对于在斯特拉特福镇找到剧院而感到惊奇。

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讲 解: and连接两个句子,第一个句子是主谓宾结构,句中who引导的定语从句修饰the sightseers,第二个句子是主系表结构。定语从句由主谓结构构成,句中破折号后面的内容起补充说明的作用。

词 汇: take in 顺路来访

on the side 另外

9. However, the playgoers do manage a little sight-seeing along with their play going.

译 文: 而看戏的人除了看戏外还设法参观一些景点。

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讲 解: 该句是简单句,由主谓宾结构构成,句中do起强调作用。

10. It is the playgoers, the RSC contends, who bring in much of the town’s revenue because they spend the night (some of them four or five nights) pouring cash into the hotels and restaurants.

译 文: 皇家莎士比亚剧团声称,正是看戏的人给小镇带来了收益,因为他们要在镇上过夜(有些要住四五个晚上),在旅馆和饭店大肆消费。

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讲 解: 该句为主从复合句,主句是强调句,强调主语the playgoers,“the RSC contends”为插入语,是主谓结构;从句是because引导的原因状语从句。第二层原因状语从句由主谓宾结构构成,现在分词短语pouring cash into...作伴随状语。

词 汇: pour [pɔːr] v. 倒

11. The sightseers can take in everything and get out off town by nightfall.

译 文: 但观光游客可以在夜幕降临之前参观完小镇并离开。

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讲 解: 该句由主谓宾结构构成,并列连词and连接两个谓语和宾语。

词 汇: nightfall [‘naɪtfɔːl] 傍晚

12. The townsfolk don’t see it this way and local council does not contribute directly to the subsidy of the Royal Shakespeare Company.

译 文: 当地居民并不这样认为。当地的理事会也不直接给皇家莎士比亚剧团提供补助。

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讲 解: 该句由and连接的两个简单句构成,两句都是主谓宾结构。

词 汇: council [‘kaʊns(ə)l] n. 委员会

subsidy [‘sʌbsɪdɪ] n. 补贴

13. Stafford cries poor traditionally.

译 文: 斯特拉特福镇习惯哭穷。

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讲 解: 该句是简单句,由主谓结构构成,句中形容词poor作主语补足语,补充说明主语。

14. Nevertheless every hotel in town seems to be adding a new wing or cocktail lounge.

译 文: 然而,镇上的各家旅店似乎都正在扩建配厅或鸡尾酒厅。

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讲 解: 该句是简单句,由主谓宾结构构成,句中in town为介词短语作后置定语,修饰hotel。

词 汇: lounge [laʊn(d)ʒ] n. 休闲室

15. Hilton is building its own hotel there, which you may be sure will be decorated with Hamlet Hamburger Bars, the Lear Lounge, the Banquo Banqueting Room, and so forth, and will be very expensive.

译 文: 希尔顿酒店正在那里修建自己的酒店,可以肯定,它将开设哈姆雷特汉堡吧、李尔王休息室、班柯宴厅等,而且价格将会非常昂贵。

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讲 解: 主句为主谓宾结构,句中which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰hotel。该定语从句中并列连词and连接了两个并列结构,and之前是主谓结构,从句中“you may be sure”为主系表结构的插入语,谓语是动词的被动形式,and后为系表结构。with...forth作方式状语。

词 汇: decorate [‘dekəreɪt] v. 装饰

16. Anyway, the townsfolk can’t understand why the Royal Shakespeare Company needs a subsidy.

译 文: 不管怎么说,小镇居民不能理解为什么皇家莎士比亚剧团需要补贴。

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讲 解: 该句的主句由主谓宾结构构成,宾语部分是why引导的宾语从句。

17. The theater has broken attendance records for three years in a row. Last year its 1,431 seats were 94 percent occupied all year long and this year they’ll do better.

译 文: 剧院的上座率已经连续三年打破了纪录,去年剧院的1 431个座位有94%的上座率,今年上座率将会更高。

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讲 解: 第一句由主谓宾结构构成。第二句由and连接两个并列分句,分句1是主系表结构,动词的过去分词occupied作后置定语,修饰94 percent,分句2是主谓结构。

词 汇: occupy [‘ɒkjʊpaɪ] v. 占领;占据

18. The reason, of course, is that costs have rocketed and ticket prices have stayed low.

译 文: 当然,原因就是剧院开销飞涨,而票价却保持低廉。

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讲 解: 该句的主句由主系表结构构成,句中表语为that引导的表语从句。该表语从句由and连接两个并列主谓结构。

词 汇: rocket [‘rɒkɪt] v. 迅速增加

19. It would be a shame to raise prices too much because it would drive away the young people who are Stratford’s most attractive clientele.

译 文: 大幅度提高票价是一件可耻的事情,因为这会把斯特拉特福镇最有吸引力的年轻游客赶走。

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讲 解: 该句的主句由主系表结构构成,句中it作形式主语,to raise prices too much是真正的主语,because引导原因状语从句。第二层原因状语从句由主谓宾结构构成,从句中who引导的定语从句修饰people。第三层定语从句由主系表结构构成,关系代词who作主语。

词 汇: shame [ʃeɪm] n. 可耻的事

clientele [ˌkliːɒn’tel] n. 客户

20. They come entirely for the plays, not the sights.

译 文: 他们完全是冲着看戏而来,而不是观光。

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讲 解: 该句是主谓结构,句中介词for短语作原因状语。

21. They all seem to look alike (though they come from all over)—lean, pointed, dedicated faces, wearing jeans and sandals, eating their buns and bedding down for the night on the flagstones outside the theater to buy the 20 seats and 80 standing-room tickets held for the sleepers and sold to them when the box office opens at 10:30 a.m.

译 文: 尽管这些游客来自四面八方,但他们看起来都一个样——消瘦、敏锐、专注的面孔,穿着牛仔裤、拖着凉鞋、吃着小圆面包,晚上在剧院外的石阶上睡觉,就是为了能在早上10:30售票处一开门售票时买到预留给他们的那20张坐票和80张站票。

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讲 解: 该句主干部分由主系表结构构成,seem为系动词。动词不定式to look like作表语。括号内的部分为though引导的让步状语从句,伴随状语wearing... eating...和bedding...为现在分词短语,过去分词短语held for the sleepers和sold to them作后置定语,修饰tickets。

词 汇: lean [liːn] a. 瘦

dedicated [‘dedɪkeɪtɪd] a. 专注的 rFXrkmYXW4SuJrrBeckLTIIpCC8hf+9UUEoDajUcY/t1n3lHP1UsnUhPgfbW2J+0

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