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1. Benjamin Franklin is not merely anoutstanding politician, a talented inventor but also a famed literary giant.His autobiography set the example of practicing _____moral disciplines whichgave profound influences as the national spirit. [北二外2007研]
A. Quaker’s
B. Puritan
C. Anglican Christian
D. Easter’s
【答案】 B
【解析】 富兰克林是一位虔诚的清教徒，他的《自传》是奉行清教道德标准的典范，对塑造美国精神产生了重大影响。
2. The first symbol ofself-made American man is _____. [北二外2009研]
A. George Washington
B. Washington Irving
C. Thomas Jefferson
D. Benjamin Franklin
【答案】 D
【解析】 富兰克林是第一个自力更生、白手起家的美国人的标志。
3. Which ONE of the following is also aninfluential writer of detective stories? [四川大学2007研]
A. Harriet Beecher Stowe.
B. William Dean Howells.
C. Edgar Allan Poe.
D. Herman Melville.
【答案】 C
【解析】 题目考查下列作家中谁还是一位有影响的侦探小说家，毫无疑问是爱伦·坡，他是西方侦探小说的鼻祖。
4. A(n) ______ usually urges poets to express their momentary impressionsthrough the use of one dominant image. [武汉大学 2011 研]
A. romanticist
B. modernist
C. imagist
D. transcendentalist
【答案】 C
【解析】 意象派是1909年至1917年间一些英美诗人发起并付诸实践的文学运动，其宗旨要求诗人以鲜明、准确、含蓄和高度凝练的意象生动及形象地展现事物，并将诗人瞬息间的思想感情溶化在诗行中。代表人物是Ezra Pound.
5. ______’s role as a leading spokesman of the famous ImagistMovement in the history of American literature can never be ignored and hisone-image poem best demonstrates his principles of what a new poetry should be. [北二外2013研]
A. WilliamCarlos Williams
B. Robert Frost
C. F. ScottFitzgerald
D. Ezra Pound
【答案】 D
【解析】 埃兹拉·庞德是美国意象派诗歌的代表人物。
6. The most influential novelist inRomantic period is _____. [北二外2009研]
A. NathanielHawthorne
B. Edgar AllanPoe
C. EmilyDickinson
D. Fennimore Cooper
【答案】 A
【解析】 美国十九世纪最有影响的浪漫主义小说家是霍桑。
7. _____ is NOT written by Eugene O’Neill. [首师大2009研]
A. Beyond theHorizon
B. The IcemanCometh
C. Long Day’sJourney into Night
D. The Crucible
【答案】 D
【解析】 The Crucible的作者是Arthur Miller（阿瑟·米勒），其余都是奥尼尔的作品。
8. The author of Long Day’s Journey intoNight also wrote ______. [北二外2010研]
A. Death ofa Salesman
B. The HairyApe
C. AStreetcar Named Desire
D. LookingBack in Anger
【答案】 B
【解析】 《进入黑夜的漫长旅程》是美国伟大剧作家Eugene O’Neill（尤金·奥尼尔）的代表作，他的其他作品有The Emperor Jones（《琼斯皇》）, The Hairy Ape（《毛猿》）, Desire Under the Elms（《榆树下的欲望》）, The Great God Brown（《大神布朗》）。
9. Mark the novelist whose major works arecharacterized by the elements of the “grotesque”? [四川大学2008研]
A. Philip Freneau.
B. Edgar Allan Poe.
C. Washington Irving.
D. Emily Dickson.
【答案】 B
【解析】 Edgar Allan Poe（爱伦·坡），美国著名诗人、短篇小说家、文学评论家。他的短篇小说着意描写人的内心世界，对表现人的思想病态尤其感兴趣。其后期的短篇小说，经常充满一种恐怖气氛，情节阴森古怪，令人毛骨悚然。
10. Which ONE ofthe following is generally believed to be the main idea of American Transcendentalism?（四川大学2010研）
A. Glorification of the environmental forces.
B. Advocating the notion of the futility ofhuman efforts.
C. Stressing hard-work, piety and sobriety.
D. Emphasis on spirit or the Oversoul—anall-pervading power for goodness.
【答案】 D
【解析】 超验主义的核心思想是超灵（Oversoul），认为真理超越人的有限感觉之外，不能通过理性认识，而要以直觉来领悟普遍真理。
11. Among the three prominent realistic writers, while Mark Twainand Howells seemed to have paid more attention to the “life” of the Americans,______ had apparently laid a greater emphasis on the “inner world” of man. [北二外2013研]
A. TheodoreDreiser
B. Frank Norris
C. Henry James
D. EmilyDickinson
【答案】 C
【解析】 美国现实主义文学时期的三个代表作家是豪威尔斯(WilliamDean Howells)，亨利·詹姆斯(Henry James)和马克·吐温的(Mark Twain)。虽然这三位杰出的作家基本上是同一时期写作的，但他们对”真实”的理解不尽相同。马克·吐温的和豪威尔斯似乎注重生活描写，而亨利·詹姆斯则明显强调人类的“内心世界”。
12. Ernest Hemingway isnoted for the following EXCEPT _____. [首师大2008研]
A. LostGeneration
B. icebergtheory
C. AmericanDream
D. “grace underpressure”
【答案】 C
【解析】 海明威既是“迷惘的一代”的代表，也是“冰山理论”的提出者，其作品主题不少是关于“压力之下的优雅”，但他并非“美国梦”的代表作家。
13. In one sense _____ wrote all his life aboutone theme, which is neatly summed up in the famous phrase “grace underpressure,” and created one hero who acts that theme out. [武汉大学2010研]
A. F. S. Fitzgerald
B. Ernest Hemingway
C. William Faulkner
D. Sinclair Lewis
【答案】 B
【解析】 海明威的一生都在描写一个主题，即“重压下的优雅”。他同时塑造了典型的海明威式英雄来实践这一主题。
14. Direct psychoanalysis could notpossibly be found in the works of ______. [天津外国语2013研]
A. Edgar AllanPoe
B. Washington Irving
C. Henry James
D. ErnestHemingway
【答案】 C
【解析】 亨利·詹姆斯是意识流的代表人物。意识流文学泛指注重描绘人物意识流动状态的文学作品，既包括清醒的意识，更包括无意识、梦幻意识和语言前意识。所以他的作品中不会出现直接的心理分析。
15. Point out the work that was written by Henry David Thoreau._____ [四川大学2009研]
A. “The Fall of the House of Usher”
B. The Rise of Silas Lapham
C. Walden
D. “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”
【答案】 C
【解析】 梭罗是美国超验主义作家之一，其代表作是《瓦尔登湖》。选项A《厄舍府的倒塌》是Edgar Allan Poe（爱伦·坡）的作品；选项B《塞拉斯·拉帕姆的发迹》是William Dean Howells（豪威尔斯）的小说；选项D《睡谷的传说》的作者是Washington Irving（华盛顿·欧文）。
16. Which of thefollowing books deals with American Civil War? [天津外国语学院2008研]
A. The Red Badge of Courage
B. For Whom the Bell Tolls
C. Slaughterhouse-Five
D. Catch 22
【答案】 A
【解析】 《红色英勇勋章》是美国作家StephenCrane的小说，描绘了美国内战的残酷。《丧钟为谁而鸣》是美国作家Ernest Miller Hemingway以西班牙内战为背景的小说。《第五屠宰场》是美国小说家Kurt Vonnegut关于第二次世界大战的反战科幻小说。《第二十二条军规》是美国作家Joseph Heller以第二次世界大战为背景的小说。
17. All the followingconcepts can be found in American naturalistic fiction EXCEPT _____. [四川大学2008研]
A. determinism
B. survival of the fittest
C. effects of hereditary and environmental forces
D. search for identity
【答案】 D
【解析】 自然主义小说家们推崇生物决定论和适者生存，认为生理遗传和社会环境都是人类社会发展的决定性因素。
18. The author ofthe story “I’m a Fool” is _____. [大连外国语2008研]
A. Sherwood Anderson
B. Katherine Mansfield
C. Elizabeth Bishop
D. William Faulkner
【答案】 A
【解析】 舍伍德·安德森的短篇小说《我是白痴》描述了一个男孩因耻于贫穷而不断向心爱的姑娘说谎，结果毁掉了自己的爱情。
19. The following selection is from a poementitled ______ by Edgar Allen Poe. [大连外国语2008研]
A. “Annabel Lee”
B. “To Helen”
C. “Romance”
D. “The Raven”
On desperate seas long wont to roam,
Thy hyacinth hair, thy classic face,
Thy Naiad airs have brought me home
To the glory that was Greece
And the grandeur that was Rome.
Lo! In yon brilliant window-niche
How statue-like I see thee stand,
The agate lamp within thy hand!
Ah, Psyche, from the regions which
Are Holy Land!
【答案】 B
【解析】 题中的诗歌节选自爱伦·坡的名诗《致海伦》。该段译文如下：在绝望的海面，亘古波涛无边，/你飘飘的秀发，你典雅的脸庞，/你水中仙女般的丰姿让我想见/希腊的荣光/罗马的庄严。
20. Which of thefollowing is closest to Shakespearean tragedy? [大连外国语2008研]
A. The Scarlet Letter.
B. Uncle Tom’s Cabin.
C. Moby Dick.
D. Wuthering Heights.
【答案】 C
【解析】 《白鲸》是美国著名小说家HermanMelville（赫尔曼·麦尔维尔）的名作，是一个捕杀白鲸的复仇故事，也是一个人与自然相抗衡的噩梦，既有莎士比亚悲剧的格调，又有史诗般的气势。
21. West Humor isbest represented in ____’s short story writing. [北二外2007研]
A. O. Henry
B. FlanneryO’Connor
C. Henry James
D. Mark Twain
【答案】 D
【解析】 美国西部幽默的代表人物是马克·吐温的。
22. The representative work of Mark Twainis _____. [首师大2009研]
A. “TheNotorious Jumping Frog of Calaveras County”
B. InnocentsAbroad
C. TheAdventures of Tom Sawyer
D. Adventuresof Huckleberry Finn
【答案】 D
【解析】 马克·吐温的代表作是《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》。
23. In _____, Captain Ahab is obsessed with the revenge on a whalewhich sheared off his leg on a previous voyage, and his crazy chasing of iteventually brings death to all on board the whaler except Ishmael, who survivesto tell the tale. [天津外国语学院2007研]
A. Typee
B. WhiteJacket
C. Moby Dick
D. Billy Budd
【答案】 C
【解析】 Captain Ahab（亚哈船长）是麦尔维尔的小说Moby Dick(《白鲸》）里的主人公。
24. The followingselection is from Emerson’s work entitled_____. [大连外国语2008研]
A. “Self-Reliance”
B. “The American Scholar”
C. Nature
D. English Traits
A foolish consistency is the hobgoblin of littleminds, adored by little statesmen and philosophers and divines. Withconsistency a great soul has simply nothing to do...Speak what you think todayin words as hard as cannon balls, and tomorrow speak what tomorrow thinks inhard words again, though it contradict everything you said today.
【答案】 A
【解析】 题目中的段落节选自爱默生的《论自助》，节选部分的大意是：愚蠢地坚持随众随俗是心胸狭小的幽灵的表现，是低级的政客、哲学家和神学家崇拜的东西。伟大的灵魂根本不会随波逐流……今天你想说什么就说什么，像放连珠炮一样；明天你想说什么，照样斩钉截铁地说什么，哪怕跟你今天说的一切都是互相矛盾的。
25. American renaissance started from _____. [北二外2009研]
A. Pragmatism
B. utilitarian
C. New England transcendentalism
D. the age of Realism
【答案】 C
【解析】 美国的文艺复兴，又称为新英格兰文艺复兴，源于新英格兰超验主义。
26. The followingselection is taken from _____. [大连外国语2007研]
A. Sister Carrie
B. Treasure Island
C. The Great Gatsby
D. Heart of Darkness
In my younger and more vulnerable years myfather gave me some advice that I’ve been turning over in my mind ever since.“Whenever you feel like criticizing anyone,” he told me, “just remember thatall the people in this world haven’t had the advantages that you’ve had.”
【答案】 C
【解析】 题中片段选自美国著名小说家Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald的代表作《了不起的盖茨比》，是小说的开头部分，参考译文为：我年纪还轻，阅历不深的时候，我父亲教导过我一句话，我至今还念念不忘。“每逢你想要批评任何人的时候，”他对我说，“你就记住，这个世界上所有的人，并不是个个都有过你拥有的那些优越条件。”
27. The best dichotomywhich can describe about the theme of F. S. Fitzgerald’sThe Great Gatsby is _______. （武汉大学2011研）
A. children’s innocence VS. adults’ decadence
B. spiritual wilderness VS. material civilization
C. the innate evils of man VS. human perfectibility
D. conservatism VS. liberal-mindedness
【答案】 A
【解析】 从盖茨比的成长来看，他年轻时纯洁的美国梦随着他的堕落而消亡。
28. Which one of the following statementsis applicable to the understanding of Transcendentalism? [四川大学2008研]
A. It is strongly influenced by social Darwinism.
B. Belief in individualism, independence of mind, andself-reliance.
C. Man has no free-will.
D. It holds that determinism governs everything.
【答案】 B
【解析】 超验主义肯定人的神圣性，主张人能超越感觉和理性而直接认识真理，“相信你自己”，是超验主义者的座右铭。
29. In Emily Dickinson’s poem “Because I couldnot stop for Death,” she uses personification to compare death to _____. [天津外国语2010研]
【答案】 a gentleman who took me with hiscarriage
【解析】 《因为我不能停下来等待死神》是美国诗人艾米莉·狄金森的代表诗歌之一。其中，诗人运用拟人的手法将死亡比作“赶着马车带‘我’离开的人”。
30. Author ______ Title ______ [南京大学2008研]
Not one of allthe purple host
Who took theflag today
Can tell thedefinition,
So clearly, of victory.
【答案】 Emily Dickinson；“Success is Counted Sweetest”
【解析】 题目节选自狄金森的《成功最甜美》。艾米莉·狄金森，美国最富传奇性的抒情诗人。生前只发表了7首诗，诗作几乎全部在她死后才发表。她被视为20世纪现代主义诗歌的先驱之一，和美国文学之父欧文、诗人惠特曼比肩。
31. The following selection is from a poemwritten by _____. [大连外国语2007研]
A. Robert Burns
B. EmilyDickinson
C. CarlSandburg
D. John Keats
I willed myKeepsakes—Signed away
What portion ofme be
Assignable—and then it was
Thereinterposed a Fly—
With Blue—uncertain stumbling Buzz—
Between thelight—and me—
And then theWindows failed—and then
I could not seeto see—
【答案】 B
【解析】 题中诗句选自美国著名诗人Emily Dickinson的诗《我听到一只苍蝇的嗡嗡叫声——当我死去的时候》（I heard a fly buzz—whenI died），译文为：我立了遗嘱，签字离去/我所有可签让的部分/而就在此时/一只苍蝇介于中间/带着忧郁、不确定踌躇蹒跚的嗡嗡声/在我与光之间/然后窗子暗了，之后/我看不见我要看的。
32. “Oh Captain,My Captain!” is Whitman’s mourning poem to ______. [北二外2010研]
A. Martin Luther King
B. utilitarian
C. New England transcendentalism
D. Abraham Lincoln
【答案】 D
【解析】 这首诗是惠特曼悼念林肯的诗，文章中把林肯比作船长。
33. The author of the following selectionis ______. [大连外国语2007研]
A. HermanMelville
B. Thomas Hardy
C. TheodoreDreiser
D. Jack London
There is a wisdom that is woe; but there is a woe that is madness. And there is a Catskill eagle in some souls that can alike dive downinto the blackest gorges, and soar out of them again and become invisible inthe sunny spaces. And even if he for ever flies within the gorge, that gorge isin the mountains; so that even in his lowest swoop the mountain eagle is still higherthan other birds upon the plain, even though they soar.
【答案】 A
【解析】 题中片段选自美国著名小说家Herman Melville的著名小说《白鲸》。
34. Which ONE of the following poems is composedin memory of Abraham Lincoln? [四川大学2011研]
A. “The Wild Honey Suckle”.
B. “The Tide Rises，the Tide Falls”.
C. “Because I Could Not Stop for Death”.
D. “O Captain! My Captain”.
【答案】 D
【解析】 “O Captain! My Captain!”是WaltWhitman（惠特曼）写的用来纪念林肯之死的诗歌。诗歌中把林肯亲切地成为Captain。
35. Which ONE of the following is theauthor of the poem “Song of Myself”? [四川大学2008研]
A. Walt Whitman
B. Stephen Crane
C. Edgar AllanPoe
D. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
【答案】 A
【解析】 Walt Whitman（沃尔特·惠特曼），美国著名诗人，“Song of Myself”(《自我之歌》）代表其创作的最高峰，后来收录在他的Leaves ofGrass(《草叶集》）中。
36. “By day her mealsuntouch’d, then at night fitfully sleeping, often waking” is taken from “I HearAmerica Singing”. The female described here is the _____ of the dead person. [首师大2009研]
A. mother
B. wife
C. sister
D. daughter
【答案】 A
【解析】 这首诗是惠特曼“Come Up From The Fields, Father”里的几句，描写的是母亲接到儿子的死讯以后痛苦的心情。节译：白天她茶饭不思，晚上她无法安睡。
37. “I celebrate myself, and sing myself, /And what I assume youshall assume, /For every atom belonging to me as good belongs to you.”
In the abovequoted verse lines taken from Walt Whitman’s poem “Song of Myself”, what doesthe central image “myself” refer to? [四川大学2009研]
A. Merely thepoet himself.
B. The commonpeople of America.
C. Masculinesublime ego.
D. Americanpuritans.
【答案】 B
【解析】 惠特曼在《自我之歌》里歌颂的是伟大的美国劳动人民。
38. _____ divides the 19th century into the age of romanticism andrealism in American literature. [北二外2009研]
A. TheSpanish-American war
B. The Civil War
C. WWI
D. WWII
【答案】 B
【解析】 内战是美国浪漫主义文学和现实主义文学的分水岭。
39. Which ONE of thefollowing is an influential poet whose poems often express a thematic concernabout the issue of death and eternity? [四川大学2009研]
A. Walt Whitman.
B. Ralph WaldoEmerson.
C. HenryWadsworth Longfellow.
D. EmilyDickinson.
【答案】 D
【解析】 艾米丽·狄金森的诗歌表达了一种对于死亡和永恒的关注，如“因为我不能停下来等待死神”。
40. The following selection is from a poem written by _____. [大连外国语2007研]
A. Robert Burns
B. Emily Dickinson
C. Carl Sandburg
D. John Keats
I willed myKeepsakes—Signed away
What portion ofme be
Assignable—and then it was
There interposeda Fly—
With Blue—uncertain stumbling Buzz—
Between thelight—and me—
And then theWindows failed—and then
I could not seeto see—
【答案】 B
【解析】 题中诗句选自美国著名诗人EmilyDickinson的诗《我听到一只苍蝇的嗡嗡叫声——当我死去的时候》(I heard a fly buzz—when I died)，译文为：我立了遗嘱——分掉关于我的/所有可以分掉的/部分——然后我就看见了/一只苍蝇闯了进来/蓝色的——带着忧郁、不确定踌躇蹒跚的嗡嗡声/在我——与光——之间/然后窗户关闭——然后/我眼前漆黑一片。
41. Which of the following works by Henry James does not deal with“the international theme”? _____ [天津外国语学院2009研]
A. DaisyMiller
B. The Turnof the Screw
C. ThePortrait of a Lady
D. TheAmbassadors
【答案】 B
【解析】 The Turn of the Screw(《螺丝在拧紧》)是亨利·詹姆斯的一部哥特式心理小说，描写的是一位年轻女教师应聘到乡下一家富户照看两个失去双亲的孩子，在其家中见到死去的前任女教师及这家男仆的幽影，气氛越来越紧张，最后，一个孩子死去，另一个精神错乱。其余三个选项都是詹姆斯关于“国际题材”的作品。
42. Compared with the writings of MarkTwain’s, Henry James’s fiction is noted for their ______. [天津外国语2013研]
A. frontiervernacular
B. richcolloquialism
C. refinedelegant language
D. vulgarlydescriptive words
【答案】 C
【解析】 马克·吐温的开创了口语化的先河，用词简单、易懂。亨利·詹姆斯出身于纽约的上层知识分子家庭，父兄都是美国颇具声望的哲学家。由于家境富裕，亨利·詹姆斯从小受到良好的教育，掌握多种语言。詹姆斯本人长期旅居欧洲，对19世纪末美国和欧洲的上层生活有细致入微的观察。所以亨利·詹姆斯的用词是精致、高雅的。