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Listen and Respond
听力原文
During the 19thcentury, people in Europe and America claimed that marine resources wereunlimited. For example, a noted biologist at the time commented that none ofthe world’s great sea fisheries were ever going to be exhausted.
Today though,there is evidence showing that marine resources are as seriously endangered asthose of the land and the air. In fact, in some ways the threats to fish are morealarming than the threats to animals and birds. This is because fish is a muchneeded food resource, as people throughout the world depend on fish as animportant part of their diet. It is reported that to satisfy food demands, 20 billionpounds of fish are harvested every year in the North Atlantic alone. Searesources are also rapidly declining in many other parts of the world.
Scientists now believethat food supplies from the sea won’t last forever. They warn that excessivefishing will destroy fish reserves within the next few years. They also warn thatthe decline in fish supply will cause starvation in some parts of the world.
Task one
DCACB
Task two
1） endangered
2） threats
3） resource
4） diet
5） satisfy
6） harvested
7） declining
8） supplies
9） excessive
10） starvation
Text A
Task one
1. 1） No. Associety develops, man tends to become less dependent on nature directly, whileindirectly his dependence grows. Although the technology is advanced in modemsociety, human still needs to take raw materials from nature to manufacture allkinds of things. We can not produce a thing without the resources of nature.
2） At presentthe previous dynamic balance between man and nature and between nature andsociety as a whole, has shown ominous signs of breaking down. It is getting moreand more difficult to satisfy the needs of humanbeings and society even for such a substance. What’s more, the problemof eliminating industrial waste is also becoming increasingly complex.
3） The distinctfeature of modem technology is the ever increasing abundance of produced andused synthetic goods. Hundreds of thousands of synthetic materials are beingmade. People cover themselves in nylon and other synthetic materials, which isnot good for them. As time goes by, the synthetic output of production alsoturns into waste.
4） The solutionlies in rational and wise organization of both production itself and care forMother Nature, not just by individuals, enterprises or countries, but by allhumanity. One of the ways to deal with the crisis is to use resources as solarenergy, and the power of winds, the riches of the seas and oceans.
5） The author’s attitudeis negative. Man’s transformation has made great damage to nature.
2.
Paras.1-2: Manlives in the realm of nature and can not live outside nature.
Paras.3-4: Associety develops, man tends to become less dependent on nature directly, whileindirectly his dependence grows.
Paras.5-7: Atpresent, the previous dynamic balance between man and nature has shown ominoussigns of breaking down.
Paras.8-9: Thesolution to man-nature relation lies in rational and wise organization of bothproduction itself and care for nature by all humanity. The failure to live inharmony with nature and obey its laws would make the disaster universal.
Task two
1. Nature is likethe mother to human beings. She provides human with resources and nurturesmankind. Man could not live without nature.
2. Because man’sactivities, nature has been changed geographically. Men cut down trees to makemore room for houses, to farmland and so on.
3. To solve thisglobal ecological problem, every member of human beings must make ourproduction activities in a rational and sensible way to make sure economicdevelopment is in harmony with environment.
4. If we live inharmony with nature and obey its laws, we can always benefit from nature.
Text B
Checking YourVocabulary
1. 1） c 2） g 3） e 4） b 5） d 6）a 7）f
2.
1） （n.） a piece ofthread which sews the edges of a wound together
（vi.） sew, out stitcheson to fasten together
2） （n.） the actionof the falling snow like dusting powder onto the ground
（n.） a thin layerof fine powder shaken over sth.
3） （n.） the strongouter covering of a tree
（n.） the sharp loudsound made by a dog
4） （n.） a group ofsheep or goats
（n.） gather or movein large numbers
5） （n.） a hollowplace built or found by a bird for use as a home and a place to keep their eggs
（vi.） （of birds）build or use a hollow place as a home and a place to keep its eggs
6） （n.） a stretchbetween two limits, esp. in time; period
（vt.） include intime
7） （n.） an animal’sfur, wool, hair, etc.
（n.） a covering spreadover a surface
3. 1） cope with
2） tough it out
3） search out
4） up to
5） nothing shortof
6） thaw out
Checking YourComprehension
1. To survive thesevere winter, wildlife either leaves or toughs it out. In other words, wildlifespecies such as animals and birds either migrate to warmer climates or devise theirown ways and means to survive the winter if they should stay where they are.
2. To survive thesevere winter, black bears den in hollow hogs, caves, or shallow holes lined withgrass. Sometimes they den up to 9 feet high in the broken-off trunk of ancient trees.Nothing can shake their firm belief that spring will return each year. The authorfeels both relieved and inspired by their belief because he shares the same belief.
3. As he starts toturn back home, the author notices some slight signs of life: the whistle of chickadees,a downy woodpecker spiraling up a birch tree and the footprints of rabbits on thesnow. These signs fill him with hope and assure him that spring is on its way. Thissigns also help him appreciate the beauty of what is left of winter and remind himthat the cold won’t last forever. They are an affirmation of life, defiance to thecold, and a promise of spring.
4. Despite the factthat in the Northern Hemisphere, winter is the coldest season—harsh, barren andlifeless, the author believes that winter presents nature with unique subtle beautiessuch as “parachuting snowflakes”, “pine branches tipped in white, the pale-blueglow of moonlight off the snow”. However, as winter drags on, these beauties becomeless appealing and spring becomes the only thing left to look forward to.
5. The authorfeels bored with the severe cold in winter when there is only barren, lifeless andgray scenery. He is looking forward to any signs of spring because spring standsfor hope and life.
Enhance Your LanguageAwareness
Words in Action
Working with Wordsand Expressions
1. 1） spark 2） compelled 3） bare 4） scrape 5） destruction 6） output 7） retreat 8） tipped 9） miracle 10） eternal 11） pile 12） transfer 13） mass 14） thereby 15） have emerged 16）trigger 17） threaten 18） consumed 19） hollow
2. 1） show signsof
2） cope with
3） lives in fearof
4） tough it out
5） cut down
6） from head tofoot
7） searched out
8） nothing shortof
9） As yet
10） settle in
11） take heart
Increasing Your WordPower
1. 1） temptation 2） attraction 3） chance 4） opportunity 5） states 6）country 7） warned 8） threatened / threatens 9） refuse 10） reject 11） total 12） gross
2.
3. 1） individual 2） contradictory 3） destructive 4） rational 5） primitive 6） synthetic 7） distant 8） pessimistic 9） irreplaceable 10） enormous
Grammar in Context
1. 1） anadverbial of accompanying circumstances
2） an adverbialof accompanying circumstances
3） an adverbialof result
4） an adverbialof result
5） an adverbialof manner; accompanying circumstances
6） an adverbialof result
7） an adverbialof time
2. 1） killingthousands upon thousands of people
2） raising theaverage yield by 15 percent
3） trying todeduce its operating principle
4） Seeing thateveryone was bending over his / her book
5） Not havingheard from his parents for a long time
6） leaving theproject unfinished
7） Turning to theright
8） Not wanting tomake the patient nervous
Cloze
1） realm 2）elemental 3） obtain 4） stubbornly 5） transferred 6）transformed 7） subdued 8） expansion 9） irreplaceable 10）extinct 11） dynamic 12） verge 13） moderate 14）ecological 15） rational
Translation
1. 1） Thevillage is so close to the border that the villagers lived in constant fear ofattacks from the enemy.
2） In onlytwenty years the country was transformed into an advanced industrial power.
3） Seeing theproject successfully completed, those who had invested so much time and energyin it felt very proud.
4） Given thecurrent financial situation, it is inevitable that the US dollar will befurther devalued.
5） There are somany vehicles nowadays that the roads in this area are barely adequate to copewith the present traffic.
6） The weathershowed no signs of getting better so the government called upon us to getprepared for floods.
7） Alice hadbeen confined to bed for over 10 years after the traffic accident, and so herrecovery seemed nothing short of a miracle.
8） The studentswere all very much concerned about the World Cup, spending at least two hoursevery day watching the live matches on TV.
9） Thomas saidthat his family had settled in Florida more than half a century ago.
10） Ask forhelp. Don’t tough it out yourself. I learned this lesson early in my life.
2. Human beingslive in the realm of nature. They are not only dwellers in nature, but alsotransformers of it. With the development of society and its economy, peopletend to become less dependent on nature directly, while indirectly theirindependence grows.
Human beings areconnected with nature by "blood" ties. No one can live outside nature.However, the previous dynamic balance between man and nature has shown signs ofbreaking down. Problems such as population explosion, ecological imbalance and theshortage of natural resources have become major factors that keep human societyfrom being further developed.
ProfessorSpirkin holds the idea that if human beings want to solve the problem, the onlychoice is the wise organization of production and care for Mother Nature.
Theme-related Writing
It is no doubtthat nature is of great importance to human beings. Human beings are connected withnature by “blood” tie, and we can’t live without nature.
Nowadays, it is reallyurgent to protect our environment. As society develops, advancement of technologyand modern industrialization has brought great convenience and advancingfacilities which we enjoy today. But at the same time, we have been destroyingthe earth during this process.
As far as I am concerned,it is high time we take actions to protect our planet. There are many ways toprotect the environment. First, all countries should try their best to arousethe public awareness of the importance of the environmental protection. Every personmakes a small step to protect environment, then all people around the world willmake great progress. Second, the media should play a vital role to expose badbehaviors which damage the environment. The pressure of the public criticism mightforce people to protect environment.
In order to haveblue sky, to drink clean water, to live a more beautiful homeland, please take measuresto protect the earth.