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17. 国家的代名词用she或it

国家的代名词有用she的,又有用it的,不知何者正确?

【解答】 这两种用法都是正确的,何时用she,何时用it,才是我们要研究的问题。据文法书上说,地理的用it,而政治的就用she,但什么是地理的,什么是政治的,常不容易辨明,最好把政治的解释为人文地理的,地理的解释为自然地理的,也许比较明白达意,不过用法很不一定,人文地理的场合也有用it的例子。

把国家当作女性看待,是拉丁文法上性别(Gender)的遗留,现在已嫌古老,而倾于使用it了。所以与其说“Hangchow is famous for her scenic beauty.(杭州以湖光山色之美著名。)”,不如说“Hangchow is famous for its scenic beauty.”更合乎现代人的说法。但用she和her的例子还是不少。请看下举的例:

For two centuries Japan remained outside the main current of history. She lived on in a state of picturesque feudalism.(有两百年日本都待在历史主流之外,生存在一种如绘的封建制度的状态中。)

The government of the Republic of Vietnam has announced in Saigon that its forces currently are conducting operations in the Parrot’s Beak area along the Cambodian border.(南越政府在西贡宣布它的军队现正沿着柬埔寨边境鹦鹉嘴一带进行军事行动。)

In 1948,two months after the treaty with Jordan was signed,Palestine became too hot a potato for Britain to hold any longer. She relinquished her mandate.(在1948年与约旦签订条约两个月之后,巴勒斯坦对英国变成了一个十分棘手的问题。英国便放弃了她的委托统治权。)

Great Britain has a fairly good climate. Its summers are not very hot,and its winters are not too cold.(大英帝国的气候很好。夏天不太热,冬天也不太冷。)

England may well be proud of her poets.(英国要夸耀她的诗人也是有道理的。)

Ancient Rome subjected most of Europe to her rule.(古罗马使大部分的欧洲都归她统治了。) Rk0rsLZPJz2x0JUBUpMq8lbEIVrB21dQAoEnvga2Zpq/L1Nng+xh2fUruiq1KNFb

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