六 结语

纳斯鲍姆的理论抱负是建立符合社会正义的人类发展理论。由于她将多元能力视为有尊严生活的基本标准，所以多元能力理论不仅是关于生活品质的理论，也是人权保障的理论。同时，由于能力与贫困之间的紧密联系，纳斯鲍姆的多元能力理论也是一种反贫困理论，其对于全球反贫困斗争具有重要的实践价值。我国当前正处于打赢扶贫攻坚战的关键时刻，我们在坚持党中央战略方针的同时，也可借鉴纳斯鲍姆的多元能力理论，从而树立以能力建设和人权保障为核心的反贫困理念，加强贫困人口的受教育权和工作权等权利，消除其腐蚀性劣势，培育孵化性能力，通过法治建设为反贫困行动建立长效机制。除此之外，我国应加强和促进反贫困的全球合作，这不仅有利于消除国内贫困，也有利于推动人类命运共同体建设。

Capacity，Human Rights and Anti-poverty：The Anti-poverty Value of Martha Nussbaum’s Capabilities Approach

Ning Libiao & Chen Jiaen

Abstract： Martha Nussbaum is one of the most important thinkers in contemporary western society. Her Capabilities Approach essentially pursues a life of dignity，advocates the development as capability，and attaches importance to the development of human capability，especially core capability. Because of the close relationship between core capability and human rights，Capabilities Approach is both a development theory and a human rights theory. Since Capabilities Approach is an important point of anti-poverty，it is also an anti-poverty theory. The theory claims that capability-building aims to human development，the rule of law promotes capability security，and countries have domestic and global obligations to ensure capacity，which are of great significance to the fight against poverty in today’s world and China’s precise poverty alleviation.

Keywords： Capabilities Approach；Capability；Human Rights；Rule of Law；Anti-poverty

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[1] Martha Nussbaum， Women and Human Development ，Cambridge：Cambridge University Press，2001，p.84.

[2] Martha C.Nussbaum，“Social Justice and Universalism：In Defense of an Aristotelian Account of Human Functioning”， Modern Philology ，Vol.90，1993，p.S58.

[3] Martha Nussbaum， Women and Human Development ，Cambridge：Cambridge University Press，2001，p.98.

[4] Wolff and de-Shalit，“On Fertile Functionings：A Response to Martha Nussbaum”， Journal of Human Development and Capabilities ，Vol.14，No.1，2013，p.161. qr8yFCFBUGGXfVlRDf7gMv2ZNKmS+djS5w/Pe5J2iErn1KtSsgdkKjjOwmXFpgC9