六、尾论

集体经营性建设用地入市改革的目标是建立城乡统一的建设用地市场。试点实践表明，集体经营性建设用地从不允许入市到可以以多种途径入市，顺应了深化市场经济体制改革的要求，对于提高土地资源利用效率、增强农村产业发展用地保障能力、更好实现农民土地财产权益、提升乡村治理水平等具有重要意义。各试点地区对坚持集体经营性建设用地入市的改革方向具有高度共识。同时也要认识到，国有建设用地权能实现程度的提升经历了一个渐进的发展过程，并且仍然在路上，集体经营性建设用地权能的实现同样也不可能是一蹴而就的事情，许多具体的问题尤其是集体经营性建设用地入市所面临的一些独特性问题，还需要一个逐步摸索和完善的过程，市场的培育和社会各界对该种权利的认可也尚需时日。在下一步改革中应客观面对上述问题和难题，在坚持改革方向不动摇的基础上，鼓励基层大胆创新、攻坚克难、深化改革探索，逐步推动城乡统一建设用地市场的形成。

Research on the Realization of the Power of Collective Operating Construction Land—Analysis Based on the Practice of 33 Pilot Areas

Zhihong Song ¹ ，Li Yao ² ，Baiyuan Wang ²

（1．Party School of the Central Committee of CPC（Chinese Academy of Governance），Beijing 100091，China；2．China Land Surveying and Planning Institute，Beijing 100035，China）

Abstract ：According to the current law，the power of collective operating construction land is greatly restricted．The goal of the reform on putting collective operating construction land into market is to give the collective operating construction land equal rights as the state-owned construction land．Since 2015，the exploration of 33 pilot areas have achieved four major results in promoting the power of collective operating construction land：firstly，collective operating construction land is allowed to enter the market；secondly，collective operating construction land use rights are endowed with basically the same rights and functions as state-owned construction land use rights；thirdly，market participants generally have a large degree of recognition on the rights and functions of collective operating construction land；fourthly，the consciousness and ability of peasant-collective on operating collective construction land are improved gradually．However，compared with the state-owned construction land，there are still some differences in the realization of rights on collective-operated construction land，which are mainly manifested in nine factors at two levels．At the rule design level，those factors include the area restriction，the use restriction，special mortgage conditions，special land registration rules and tax and fee system．At the rules'implementation level，those factors include the preference for trading methods，peasant-collective's ability to sign and perform contracts，market acceptance，andmarketdevelopment．On this basis，four suggestions are put forward for further reformation：further improving the system design and eliminating unequal rules，deepening reform exploration to respond to the unique needs of collective land，accelerating multilevel legislation to consolidate reform achievements，and increasing market cultivation.

Key Words ：collective operating construction land；entering the market；equal rights；pilot projects ZY0GKthzhh0Sr6d+flKe9+TNaRMiAhXM428I/VBYK31Z3NjL/cEzywQc8wtgDTK2