



英语的动词有原形、第三人称单数、过去式、过去分词及现在分词五种基本变化形式。
表示主语身份、心智、状态的动词,称为连系动词。其后一般跟名词、形容词、不定式、介词短语或句子等作表语。
be 是 feel感觉 look看上去 smell 闻起来
taste尝起来 sound听起来 keep 保持 seem似乎是
Billy doesn't seem worried. 比利似乎不着急。
Keep healthy, and you'll be happy. 保持健康,你才能幸福。
become 变得 come成为 fall变为 get 变得
grow变得 go 变得 turn变成
He became angry at the news. 听到这个消息,他变得很生气。
She often falls ill in spring. 她经常在春天生病。
指不能跟宾语的动词。
arrive 到达 come来 fall 掉 graduate毕业
happen发生 lie躺 rise 升起 cry哭
You'd better wait in the office. 你最好在办公室等。
及物动词的后面必须跟宾语,可以接单宾语、双宾语或复合宾语。
You can guess the result. 你们可以猜测结果。(单宾语)
Please show me your photo. 请给我看看你的照片。(接双宾语)
He found his son tired and hungry. 他发现儿子又累又饿。(接复合宾语)
sing唱歌 sleep 睡觉 smoke 吸烟 snow下雪
wait等待 walk 步行 wear 穿 work 工作
arrive 到达 begin开始 buy 买 borrow 借
lose 丢失 marry 结婚 open 打开 put 放
1)延续性动词可与表示一段的时间状语连用,而非延续性动词则不可。
I have been working here for five years.(√)我已经在这里工作五年了。
She has bought the car for two years.(×)。
2)非延续性动词不用于while引导的时间状语从句中,可用when代替。
While she came home, I was watching TV.(×)
When she came home, I was watching TV. (√)她回家时,我正在看电视。
助动词自身没有词义,不可单独使用,只能与主要动词一起构成时态、语态、疑问、否定、强调等。常用的助动词有be,have,do,shall,will,should,would。
Were you walking when it was raining? 天下雨时你在散步吗?(过去进行时)
The new shirt is made of silk. 这种衬衫是丝绸做的。(被动语态)
I have studied English for ten years. 我已经学英语十年了。(现在完成时)
The train had left before I arrived. 在我到达之前火车就离站了。(过去完成时)
Do you often go hiking with friends? 你经常和朋友去徒步旅行吗?
I didn't know how to answer the question. 我不知道如何回答这个问题。
Don't stay up too late. 不要熬夜太晚了。
shall和 should用于第一人称,而will和would用于各种人称。
Shall we meet at the theatre gate? 我们在剧院门口见面好吗?
He will come back tomorrow morning. 他将于明天早上回来。
Holly told me that she would go abroad. 霍莉告诉我她将要出国。
由两个或两个以上的单词(以动词为中心)构成的短语,称作短语动词,用法相当于一个动词,主要有如下七类:
break out 爆发 fall behind 落后 get along 进展
grow up 长大 pass away 去世 run out(时间等)用光
deal with 处理,对付 laugh at 嘲笑 look after照顾
look into调查 wait for 等候 wait on伺候
send up 发射,发送 put on 穿上;上演 pass on 传递
wake up 醒来 think over 仔细考虑 pick up 拾起,捡起
come up with 提出 get away from逃离 get along with进展
look forward to 盼望 get down to开始认真做 hold on to抓住
take place发生 make faces 做鬼脸 lose heart灰心
lose weight减肥 make sense 讲得通 take office 就职
make progress in 在……取得进步 make room for为……腾出空间
make use of 利用 take care of照顾
take part in参加 take pride in以……为傲
bring…to an end使……结束 bring…under control 使……被控制
keep…in mind 牢记 learn…by heart 背诵
set…on fire点火烧 put…at ease使……放松
put on weight长胖 burst into tears突然大哭
come into power执政,掌权 come into use开始使用
come into effect 生效 keep in touch 保持联系