



a用于辅音音素开头的单词前,而an用于元音音素开头的单词前。
a toy一个玩具 a school 一所学校 a singer 一名歌手
an hour一小时 an orange 一个橘子 an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩
a/an表示“一”的概念时,相当于one,但表示的数量概念比one弱。
There is a computer on her desk. 她的桌子上有一台电脑。
该用法并不表示具体的某一个人或事物,而是指一类人或事物,一般不译为“一”。
A horse is still a useful animal. 马仍然是一种十分有用的动物。
His mother is a famous doctor. 他的妈妈是一位著名的医生。
译为“每,每一”,相当于正式文体中的each,every。
I email to my American friend once a week. 我每周给我的美国朋友发一次邮件。
A Mr. Green came to see you while you were away. 你不在时一位姓格林的先生来看你了。
Are you an engineer or a doctor? 你是工程师还是医生?
常译为“一杯、一场、一阵、一份”等。
There is going to be a big snow tomorrow. 明天将有一场大雪。
I would like a coffee and two beers. 我想要一杯咖啡和两瓶啤酒。
As a singer, she is a great success. 作为一名歌手,她很成功。
表示具有某种性质的人或物,或指某一位不认识的人、某个不确定的时间。
Many young people want to be a Bill Gates. 许多年轻人想成为比尔•盖茨式的人物。
I remember he came here on a Saturday. 我记得他某个星期六来过。
某些不可数名词在表述某一具体概念时,前面常用不定冠词。
receive a good education 接受良好教育 have a good knowledge of精通、掌握……
a large population人口多 a wonderful world 一个美好的世界
have a good time 过得愉快 do sb. a favour帮某人的忙
具有动作意义的名词在与某些动词构成短语时,常在名词前使用不定冠词。
have a look/walk/break/try/bath/swim看一看/散步/休息一下/试一试/洗个澡/游一次泳
have a cold/cough/fever/headache/pain 感冒/咳嗽/发烧/头疼/疼痛
give a smile/laugh/shout 微笑/大笑/大喊
make a choice/decision/plan/study/face/mistake/promise/speech/living 做出选择/做决定/制定计划/研究一下/做鬼脸/犯错/许诺/演讲/谋生
take a rest/walk/break/bath/try 休息一下/散步/休息一下/洗个澡/试一试
She has two toys but she wants a third one. 她有两个玩具,但还想再要一个。
after a while过一会儿 in a loud voice大声地 in a hurry 匆忙地
a moment ago 刚才 in a minute 立刻;马上 once upon a time 从前
just a minute就一会儿 with a smile 微笑着 twice a week 每周两次
as a rule作为常规 as a result结果 in a word 总之,一句话
in a way从某种意义上说 at a high speed 以很快的速度
定冠词the与this,that,these,those同源,意为“这”“那”“这些”“那些”。
Do you know the man behind Mike? 你认识迈克后面的那个人吗?(双方都知道的人)
This is a room and the room is mine. 这是一个房间,这房间是我的。(上文提到的房间)
The computer helps us a lot. 电脑给我们很大的帮助。
Is there any water on the moon? 月球上有水吗?
● 此类词前有形容词修饰时,也可用不定冠词:a full moon一轮满月;a red sun一轮红日。
For me, math is the most difficult of all the subjects. 对我来说,在所有学科中数学最难。
She is the third child in her family. 她是家里的第三个孩子。
● 序数词前也可用不定冠词,但意义与定冠词不同,表示“再”。
She's come here twice, and she'll a third time. 她来过这儿两次了,还要再来一次。(强调再一次)
乐器名词前、姓氏的复数前(表示全家人或夫妇)、表示年代的名词前常用the。
Can you play the piano? 你会弹钢琴吗?
The Smiths work in China. 史密斯一家人在中国工作。
In the 1990s, she was in the middle school. 二十世纪九十年代她在上中学。
用于形容词、分词之前,表示一类人或物,相当于名词。
The rich should help the poor. 富人应该帮助穷人。
The living should cherish life.活着的人应该珍惜生命。
The Smith you know has left. 你认识的那个史密斯已经离开了。
The Qingdao of today is more beautiful than before. 现在的青岛比以前更美了。
用于两种表示比较的结构中。
The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you'll make. 你越细心,犯的错误就会越少。(“越……就越……”)
The older of the two girls was praised at the meeting. 两个女孩中年龄较大的那一位在会上受到了表彰。(“两者中较……的一个”)
Don't catch a baby by the arm. 不要抓婴儿的胳膊。
I'd like to pay the rent by the month. 我想按月付房租。
● by the foot/yard按英尺/码(计算)
● by the hour/day/week/year按小时/天/星期/年(计算)
the Yangtze River 长江 the Yellow River黄河
the Atlantic Ocean大西洋 the West Lake西湖
the Pacific Ocean太平洋 the Tianshan Mountains天山山脉
the People's Republic of China中华人民共和国 the United States美国
the United Kingdom英国 the United Nations联合国
the Summer Palace颐和园 the Great Wall长城
the University of Cambridge 剑桥大学 the Middle East中东
in the east在东方 in the country在乡村
on the right 在右边 in the beginning在开始
in the middle of 在……中间 in the afternoon 在下午
the day before yesterday前天 in the past在过去
with the help of 在……的帮助下 by the way顺便说一句
go to the cinema看电影 in the way挡路,妨碍别人
零冠词是指不使用冠词的情况,常见的有下列几种情况。
As you know, money is not everything. 众所周知,金钱不是万能的。
复数名词表示泛指时或表示类别、指一类人或事物时,不用冠词。
Teachers should be patient with their students. 老师应该对学生有耐心。
Tigers sometimes can be very kind. 老虎有时也很善良。
Water is necessary to our health. 水对我们的健康是必要的。
I wish you good luck in the coming exams. 我祝你在即将到来的考试中好运。
此类词包括:人名、地名、国名、城市、街道、字首为Mount的山及大多数湖泊。
Do you know Tom has lived in China for years? 你知道汤姆在中国住了多年吗?
My friends from Qingdao are going to climb Mount Tai next week. 我来自青岛的朋友打算下个星期去爬泰山。
Students usually have a long vacation in summer . 夏季学生通常放长假。
Christmas Day is very important in America. 圣诞节在美国很重要。
● 特指季节、日期和传统中国节日时多使用定冠词。
the winter of Beijing北京的冬天 in the summer of 2018 在2018年的夏天
the Spring Festival春节 the Mid-Autumn Festival中秋节
We eat lunch at about 12:00. 我们在大约12点吃午餐。
Jim likes playing chess with friends. 吉姆喜欢和朋友下象棋。
Boys usually like playing basketball . 男孩子通常喜欢打篮球。
● 特指三餐时用定冠词:the first dinner I cooked 我做的第一顿晚饭
● 上述名词前面有形容词修饰时,常用不定冠词:a big dinner 一顿大餐;a new basketball一个新篮球。
I enjoy English , biology and chemistry . 我喜欢英语、生物和化学。
David, head of the group, will help us. 小组的组长戴维将帮助我们。
Mom , I'm not feeling well now. 妈妈,我现在感觉不舒服。
当man、mankind 泛指“人类”时,word 指“消息”时,习惯上不用冠词。
Man has to depend on nature. 人类必须依靠大自然。
There was word for Jason later. 后来贾森就有了消息。
当bike/car/taxi/bus/train/boat/ship/plane/email等与介词by连用,表示通信、交通方式时,不用冠词。
Why not tell him the news by email ? 为什么不通过邮件告诉他这个消息呢?
两个相同或对应的名词由介词连接表示特定概念时,一般不加冠词。
day and night日日夜夜 face to face面对面地
hand in hand手拉手 heart and soul全心全意地
husband and wife 夫妇 little by little 渐渐地
one by one一个接一个地 shoulder to shoulder肩并肩地
side by side并排地 from time to time时而
father and son父子 from door to door挨门挨户
表示一个事物具有两种特征或一个人兼有双重职位,and之后的名词前不加冠词,如果加冠词则表示两个人或事物。
a professor and writer 一位教授兼作家 (一个人)
a worker and a writer 一名工人和一位作家(两个人)
by accident偶然,意外地 by mistake由于差错
in need of需要 in use在使用
in order有秩序,正常 in addition另外,而且
in danger处于危险中 on sale在出售,削价销售
on show在展览 on purpose故意地
learn by heart背诵 leave school毕业
lose heart丧失信心 pay attention to注意
● 下列情况应免冠,代词限定名词前;专有名词不可数,学科球类三餐饭;复数名词表泛指,两节星期月份前;颜色语种和国名,称呼习语及头衔。
英语中有许多习语有无冠词使用,意义大不相同。
at table在吃饭 at the table在桌子旁
at school上学 at the school在学校
by day白天 by the day按天计算
in hospital住院 in the hospital在那所医院里
in prison蹲监狱 in the prison在监狱里
in front of 在……前面(范围以外) in the front of在前部(范围以内)
out of question毫无疑问 out of the question不可能
take place发生take the place of代替,取代
go to bed上床睡觉go to the bed朝床边走去
go to church做礼拜go to the church去教堂
go to college上大学go to the college去那所大学
go to hospital去住院go to the hospital去那家医院
go to prison坐牢go to the prison到监狱去
go to sea出海go to the sea 到海边去