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北京外国语大学
2014年英语专业硕士研究生试题 英语翻译基础答案

一、词语翻译

第一部分

1.联合国开发计划署

2.经合组织国家

3.救助贷款

4.税息折旧及摊销前利润

5.风险投资

6.远程监控

7.碳足迹

8.法医学

9.密匙加密技术

10.阿拉伯联合酋长国

11.引渡条约

12.地震监测

13.拖延

14.翻盖手机

15.万人迷

第二部分

1. super ministry system

2. Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries

3. biosphere

4. trading board

5. floating exchange rate

6. planned immunity

7. alleviate the burden on students

8. general education

9. type-B ultrasonic

10. we-media

11. land carrying capacity

12. houses with limited property rights

13. nouveau riche

14. collagen

15. budget husband

二、篇章翻译

英译汉

1. 世界从未有过如此之巨大的科技潜力、创造财富与人类福祉的能力。真正的技术奇迹让世界各地在距离上和沟通上紧密相连,却未能给每个人都带来福利,而仅仅使住在北半球的15%的世界公民享受到了好处。南北半球的差距日渐扩大,目前经济秩序越发不可持续,人们盲目地、千方百计地追求富裕和奢华的生活,这一切都日臻显著的。

科学技术的奇迹不断涌现,全球化使得人们空前团结,真诚合作,给全世界人民带来无限机遇,然而,这些机遇遭到了新自由主义发展模式的削弱,把一切都变成了一幅剥削严重、社会不公的怪诞讽刺画。有人要求我们在贸易上奉行极端自由的政策,消除一切壁垒,使从北半球进口的商品畅通无阻。然而宣扬自由贸易的演说赢家正是贸易保护主义的践行者。北半球国家每日开支十亿美元来补贴低效产品,虽然这种做法是被禁止的。如今,面对新自由主义的彻底失败,以及国际经济秩序带给南半球的巨大威胁,我们必须构筑联盟,重振南方精神。

2. 经过数月的深思熟虑,最终,两万两千字的“三中全会综述”于11月15日面世。在经济方面,该文件比最初的概述更进了一步,而其侧重点不只在经济改革,这在是意料之中。文件宣称的一些社会变化更加震撼,放开计划生育政策就是其中一例。若夫妻中一方是独生子女,则可生育二胎,该政策可能还会更加宽松。另一个受人称赞的举措就是取消劳改所。

然而,也许最重要的内容还在字里行间,没有受到大肆追捧。两大动作,即允许“社会团体”(实际就是非政府组织)的发展,以及司法管辖体制与行政领域的分离,表明中国共产党能对中国社会的繁荣发展做出迅速反应,并对随之而来的要求更大自由和更多责任的呼声敏感应对。全会提出这两项改革动作,着实鼓舞人心。国际社会也渴望知道中国领导人是否能履行全会文件中的诺言,敢于“啃硬骨头”、“涉险滩”、“以更大的决心打破思想固化的藩篱”。

汉译英

1. Over recent years, by taking into account the demand of technological innovation of high and new technology industry and public science and technology services, Haidian District has accelerated the concentration of various key elements of innovation and continuously improved its science and technology services so as to form a complete chain of technological services industry including research and design, transformation of achievements, innovation and business incubation,technological finance and consulting. Thus, the transformation and industrialization of scientific and technological achievements have been promoted efficiently. It can be summarized as “Five Principles”. Firstly, taking advantage of intensive technological resources, Haidian District has initiated a market-oriented innovative project, in which enterprises play the leading role with the support of industries, universities and research institutes. Secondly, it encourages and guides the universities and research institutes to translate technological achievements into productivity through technological transfer centers and industrial technology research institutes. Thirdly, it develops and supports the innovation of high-tech industry and the service of starting one’s own business,and stimulates the establishment of the incubator characterized by diversification of investment and operating mechanism. Fourthly, it further promotes the financial institutions for technological enterprises, focuses on strategic and emerging industries and gives financial support on all aspects to technological enterprises such as software and information ones without much fixed asset. Fifthly,it encourages professional service agencies such as agencies of intellectual property, information consulting companies, accounting firms, law firms and investment management consulting companies to give support to scientific and technological enterprises so as to promote their development.

2. The world outlook of Chinese people emphasizes the harmony between man and nature. Our literary works embody this idea in the integrity of human spirit and the outside world through two main artistic expressions—analogy and association, while our traditional Chinese painting holds the idea that the point of painting is to imitate appropriately. The painters produce works of art through their own personal experience in the nature. Thus, affected by the traditional Chinese literature and painting, the landscape designers, drawing lessons from analogy and association, take advantage of a scene to express emotions to design a natural man-made garden. They form a concept in their mind first, and then draw a blueprint in their mind, check the ground, plan the layout, settle the details and finally appreciate the charm. Such a process of design illustrates the importance of man’s initiative while respecting the harmony between man and nature. An outstanding man renders a place remarkable and the greatness of a man lends glory to the place. Therefore, a beautiful landscape must be linked with a famous person in China. 8Kl/AqmTW3J+hjufUPZg4BszPOfXrCLrYM6inD74FCXXzkOyfVcpezEpRxvxPGAj

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