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The Statues Appended to the Tiansheng Statues is from the Tang Statues of the 25th Year of Kaiyuan Period

Dai Jianguo

The Tiansheng Statues was made on the basis of the Tang Statues of the 25th year of Kaiyuan period. The Tang statues recorded in Songxintong (Criminal Laws of Song Dynasty) has been modified in the Five Dynasties and Early Song, and are no longer in their original form. The Tang statues on which the Tiansheng Statues was based has undergone partial revision in the Later Tang Dynasty. This may account for the deviations of Tang statues appended on the Tiansheng Statues from the Tang statues recorded in Tongdian.

Other than several thorough revisions of the legal statues, partial changes and additions in legal clauses were also introduced by the imperial orders by way of "labeling" new contents on older clauses, thus amending these clauses and adjusting social relations. In the Jianzhong period of Tang, there was not a thorough revision of the legal statues. Therefore one can not speak of a Jianzhong Statues, but only statues added or changed in the Jianzhong periods. The difference between the two should be emphasized. In fact, no full scale legal revision ever existed after the revision in the 25th year of Kaiyuan period. Partial changes after that year were made in two ways. The first one was common change or addition on the basis of imperial orders; the other one, which was more irregular, was to edit imperial orders into a collection of Gehouchi (orders made after legal clauses). Thus, the new collections of orders may serve to repair the shortcomings of existing statues. a1VZehrGAL7H7rCQs06V/ioVKpUbfS4hzA35gFIJsG1hUateFk1ogQlVCaJcInYY

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