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政治
以人为本people oriented; people foremost
舆论导向direction of public opinion
中流砥柱mainstay； chief corner stone
加强舆论监督maintain the correct orientation in public opinion
叫板challenge; pick a quarrel
真善美the true, the good and the beautiful; truth, good and beauty
振兴中华make China powerful and strong; revitalize the Chinese nation
三通three direct links (mail, air and shipping services and trade)
智囊团，思想库the brain trust；think tank
职务犯罪crime by taking advantage of duty
综合国力comprehensive national strength
五讲四美the Five Merits and Four Virtues
八荣八耻the Eight Honours and Eight Shames
中央领导集体central collective leadership
中国特色的社会主义Socialist with Chinese characteristics
一国两制One Country, Two Systems
祖国和平统一大业peaceful reunification of the motherland
中国大陆Mainland China
台湾当局Taiwan authorities
台湾同胞Taiwan compatriots
公正、公平、公开just, fair and open
扫黄、打非eliminate pornography and illegal publications
申办奥运会bid for the Olympic Games
实现中华民族伟大复兴bring about a great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation
物质精神文明建设the construction of material civilization and spiritual civilization
灾民victims; disaster-stricken people
海外侨胞，华人华侨overseas Chinese
香港澳门同胞Compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao
香港特别行政区Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
广西壮族自治区Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region
经济
票贩子ticket scalper； ticket tout
人才流动brain flow
人才流失brain drain
政企分开separate government functions from enterprise management
纸包不住火Truth will come to light sooner or later.
知识经济knowledge economy； knowledge-based economy
直销direct marketing; door-to-door sale
传销pyramid sale
支柱产业pillar / cornerstone industry
重合同、守信用honoring contracts and standing by reputation
专利产品，仿冒必究patented product(s), counterfeiting not allowed
专卖店exclusive agency; franchised store
自学成才become well-educated through self-study
自由职业者free lance
自作自受stew in one's own juice
“十五”计划the 10th Five-Year Plan
三峡工程the Three Gorges Project
希望工程Project Hope
京九铁路Beijing-Kowloon Railway
扶贫工程Anti-Poverty Project
菜篮子工程Vegetable Basket Project
温饱工程Decent-Life Project
安居工程housing project for low-income urban residents/ economy housing project
西部大开发Go-West Campaign
终生职业job-for-life
外出打工人员migrant workers
关系网personal nets
家政服务household management service
扩大内需，刺激消费expand domestic demand and consumption
西部大开发Development of the West Regions
可持续发展sustainable development
国有企业state-owned enterprise
中外合资企业joint ventures
外资企业overseas-funded enterprises
下岗职工laid-off workers
分流reposition of redundant personnel
三角债chain debts
豆腐渣工程jerry-built projects
下海plunge into the commercial sea
小康之家well-off family
摇钱树cash cow
再就业服务中心re-employment service center
宰（客）swindle money out of customers
宰人rip off
下岗lay off
脱贫致富cast (shake, throw) off poverty and set out on a road to prosperity
集资房houses built on the funds collected by the buyers
假冒伪劣产品counterfeit and shoddy products
山寨产品cheap copy
文化
吉兆auspicious sign
福禄寿三星the three gods of fortune, prosperity and longevity
叩头kowtow
武术wushu（Chinese martial arts）
功夫kungfu；kung fu
孝顺show filial obedience
孝子dutiful son
家长family head
多子多福The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness.
养儿防老raise sons to support one in one's old age
二十四节气The 24 Solar Terms
农历Lunar Calendar
印/玺Seal/Stamp
烟花爆竹fireworks and firecracker
门当户对perfect/ exact match
元宵节the Lantern Festival
重阳节the Double-Ninth Festival
清明节the Tomb Sweeping Day
除夕the Chinese New Year's Eve, the Spring Festival Eve
春节联欢晚会the Spring Festival Eve Gala
战国Warring States
风水Fengshui；Geomantic Omen
红白喜事weddings and funerals
儒家文化Confucian culture
塔pagoda
钟楼bell tower
鼓楼drum tower
亭pavilion
台terrace
楼tower；mansion
阁pavilion；tower
假山rockery
烽火台beacon tower
华表ornamental column
牌坊memorial archway
筒子楼tube-shaped apartment
四合院siheyuan,quadrangle
中药traditional Chinese medicine
针灸acupuncture
偏旁radical
笔画stroke
汉字Chinese character
普通话putonghua,Mandarin
方言dialect
广东话Cantonese
书法calligraphy
对联couplets
春联Spring Festival couplets
象形文字pictograms；pictographic characters
文房四宝（笔墨纸砚）the four treasures of the study （brush, ink stick, paper, and ink stone）
甲骨文oracle-bone inscription
宣纸rice paper
八股文eight-legged essays
春卷spring rolls
火锅hot pot, chafing dish
馄饨wonton
锅贴guotie (fried jiaozi)
花卷steamed twisted rolls
套餐set meal
盒饭box lunch
米豆腐rice tofu
米粉rice noodles
冰糖葫芦a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples, etc。）
八宝饭eight-treasure rice pudding
粉丝glass noodles
豆腐脑jellied bean curd
小吃摊snack bar/ stand
北京烤鸭Beijing roast duck
学生减负reduce study load
综合治理comprehensive treatment
应试教育exam-oriented education
义务教育compulsory education
在职博士生on-job doctorate
中专生secondary specialized or technical school student
素质教育quality-oriented education
应试教育exam-oriented education
早恋puppy love
高等教育自学考试Self-taught Examination of Higher Education
黄土高原Loess Plateau
故宫博物院the Palace Museum
长江中下游地区the mid-low reaches of Yangtze River
天坛the Temple of Heaven
敦煌莫高窟Mogao Caves
珠穆朗玛峰Mount Qomolangma
孔子Confucius
孟子Mencius
老子Lao Zi/Lao-Tse
中山装Chinese tunic suit
艺术
瓷器porcelain; china
刺绣embroidery
宫灯palace lantern
国画Chinese painting
中国结Chinese knotting
剪纸paper-cut
泥人儿clay figure
水墨画Chinese brush drawing; ink and wash painting
唐三彩Tang tri-coloured pottery
陶器pottery; earthenware
图章seal
石碑stone tablets
篆刻seal cutting
京剧人物脸谱types of facial makeup in Beijing Opera
生male characters
末middle-aged male characters
净painted face characters
旦female characters
丑clown characters
京剧票友amateur performer of Peking Opera
皮影戏shadow play
折子戏opera highlights
小品skit
哑剧dumb show
单口相声monologue comic talk
双口相声witty dialogue
口技vocal imitations
说书monologue story-telling
杂技acrobatic performance
踩高跷stilt walk
古装片costume drama
武打片Chinese kungfu film
太极拳Tai Chi
《诗经》 The Book of Songs
《史记》 Historical Records/Records of the Grand Historian
《西游记》 The Journey to the West
《水浒传》 Outlaws of the Marsh
《红楼梦》 A Dream of Red Mansions
《三国演义》 Three Kingdoms