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（1）通过对比铁锅的金相组织和化学成分，可以判定铁锅生产的熔炼过程中使用了煤作为燃料铸造而成，铁锅材质为白口铁。
（2）铁条采用了铸后热锻工艺，熔炼过程中使用了煤作为燃料，材质为亚共析钢。当时的工匠已经掌握了先进的铁器生产技术，可以有意识地根据铁器的使用要求控制铁器成分，通过热处理工艺控制钢的组织，从而满足铁器的使用性能。
（3）通过比较研究，可以推断“南海I号”沉船的铁条与爪哇海沉船的铁条属于一类铁器，并非早前认为的铁钉等，而是用于制作刀的半成品坯件，这种刀不应该是专门用于军事的武器刀，应该是用于平常生活使用的刀，同时兼具日常的防身功能，类似于帕兰砍刀，“南海I号”发现的完整刀也与这种刀的形制相似。
（4）铁条运输到出口地，工匠根据标准器进行刀的生产。铁器制造是一种非常复杂的金属技术，因此同样可能存在制刀技术的输出，进而推断在海上丝绸之路的贸易过程中既有铁器贸易，同时也可能存在金属技术的传播与交流。
Xi Guanglan，Wan Xin，Lin Tangou
Abstract： The discovery in 1987 and excavation in 2007 of the Nanhai I or South China Sea I wreck off the coast of Yangjiang，240 kilometers southwest of Guangzhou，offers new data for contextualizing the long-distance Chinese maritime trade in the Song Dynasty. The number of the ship-borne iron goods is enormous，which is less than the ceramics on board. The iron artefact was also one of the essential cargoes at that time. The types of the ship-borne iron artefacts are elementary，like the iron bar and the iron wok（pan）. The bars are more than the woks. Through scientific analysis and inspection of the ship-borne iron artefacts，it can be seen that the material of the iron wok is white iron and cast；the material of the iron bar is hypereutectoid steel，and the hot forging process after casting is adopted，with the fuel of coal in the smelting process. Comparing the iron artefacts with the ones from some other shipwrecks，it indicates that the iron bars，as semi-finished products，were used for manufacturing knives，which are not likely to be weapon ones specifically for the military，but for the use in everyday life or daily self-defense. This research provides valuable information and clues for the exploration of the mining and metallurgy industry of iron and the metal trade in the Song Dynasty. It also provides reliable evidence for the studies on the related issues to the trade of iron and the spread of the Chinese metallurgy on the Maritime Silk Road.
Keywords： Archaeometallurgy；Nanhai I；Ship-borne Iron Artefact；Iron Bar；Iron Wok；Palan Chopper
（执行编辑：杨芹）
[1] William M.Mathers and Michael Flecker， Archaeological Report：Archaeological Recovery of the Java Sea Wreck， Pacific Sea Resource，1997，pp.66-67.