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M: Today our guest is Rosie Melinda,[1] who works as a features editor for a fashion magazine. Hi, Rosie. You're a features editor at one of the most widely-read women's magazines in the UK. What kind of responsibilities does that job entail?
W: We spend our days looking at ideas from journalists, writing copy for the magazine and website and editing. We do random things like asking people in the street questions and testing sports clothing. We also do less tangible things like understanding what our readers want. It's certainly varied and sometimes bizarre.
M: During your working day what kind of work might you typically do?
W:[2] My day mainly incorporates responding to emails, writing and editing stories and coming up with new feature ideas.
M: How does the job of features editor differ from that of fashion editor or other editorial positions?
W: The features team deals with articles such as careers, reports, confidence and confessions, everything except fashion and beauty.
M:[3] A lot of people believe that working at a magazine is a glamorous job. Is this an accurate representation of what you do?
W: I'd say it's glamorous to an extent, but not in the way it's portrayed in films. We do have our moments such as interviewing celebrities and attending parties, which is a huge thrill. Ultimately though, we're the same as our readers, but working in a job we're all very lucky to have.
M: Did you have to overcome any difficulties to reach this point in your career? How did you manage to do this?
W:[4] I had to be really persistent and it was very hard work. After three years of working in a petrol station and doing unpaid work I still hadn't managed to get an entry level job. I was lucky that my last desperate attempt led to a job. I told myself that all experiences make you a better journalist in the long run and luckily, I was right.
1. What is the woman's profession?
2. What is one of the woman's main responsibilities?
3. What do many people think about the woman's job?
4. What helped the woman to get her current position?
1. D
【听前预测】
1. 四项均是名词短语，本题可能是以what开头进行的提问。
2. 四项提到的内容均与岗位名称有关，应该是询问某人的职业。
结论：该题可能以what提问，考查的内容可能与某个人的职业或者工作岗位相关。听录音时需留意与各选项关键信息相关的语句，然后根据问题做出进一步的判断。
【解析】 对话开头男士提到：“今天我们的嘉宾是罗西·梅琳达，她是一家时尚杂志的专题编辑。”因此，选项D与对话内容一致，是正确答案。其他三个选项对话中均未提到，因此可排除。
2. C
【听前预测】 四项均为动名词短语，本题可能以what提问，考查某项工作内容或者某人的工作职责。
结论：该题考查的内容可能与某人的工作内容或岗位职责有关。四个选项的关键词分别是designing, consulting, answering和interviewing，因此听音时要留意与这些关键词相关的句子，然后根据问题做出进一步的判断。
【解析】 对话中女士提到：“我一天的工作主要是回复邮件，撰写和编辑故事，想一些新的专题构想。”由此可以得知，该女士一天中的主要工作有三项，即回复邮件、撰写和编辑故事以及想一些新的专题构想，选项C“回复日常邮件”是其中之一，与对话内容相符，故为正确答案。其他三项在对话中均未提及，故可排除。
3. B
【听前预测】 四项均以it开头，且后面都是“be+形容词”形式对it进行修饰。四个选项中的关键词分别是challenging, fascinating, tiresome和fashionable，本题可能是以what开头来提问it的特征。
结论：该题可能以what开头提问，考查的内容可能与it的品质或特征相关。听录音时首先要明确it的指代对象，留意与四个选项中的关键词相关的语句，然后根据问题做出进一步的判断。
【解析】 对话中男士问道：“很多人认为杂志社的工作是一份富有魅力的工作。这是对你工作的准确描述吗？”女士回答说：“我想说它在某种程度上是迷人的……”，因此选项B与对话内容相符，为正确答案。根据这句话也可排除选项C，因为选项C中的“无聊的，令人厌烦的”与选项B正好相反，是负向描述。其他两项对话中未提及，故排除。
4. A
【听前预测】 四个选项均以her开头，her后面均是名词，且都是描述人的能力和品质的词。
结论：该题应该是以what进行提问，考查的内容可能是某人所具有的能力或品质。听录音时应将重点放在与her有关的信息上，同时留意四个选项的关键词persistence, experience, competence和confidence，然后根据问题做出进一步的判断。
【解析】 在对话的最后，男士问道：“在你的职业生涯中，你必须克服一切困难才能达到目前这个阶段吗？你是怎么做到的？”女士回答说：“我必须非常执着，这是一份非常辛苦的工作。”由此可知，选项A为正确答案，persistence是对话中persistent的名词形式，意为“执着，坚持不懈”。其余三项原文均未提到，都可排除。
W: Are you watching any good shows these days?
M: Actually, yes.[5] I'm watching a great satire called Frankie . I think you'd like it.
W: Really? What's it about?
M: It's about a real guy named Frankie . He is a famous comedian in New York and the show is a mixture of comedy and drama loosely depicting his life.
W: I'm sorry. Do you mean to say, it's a real-life series about a real person? It's non-fiction, is it?
M: No… Not really, no. It's fiction, as what happens in every episode is made up. However, the lead role is a comedian by the name of Frankie, and he plays himself. So Frankie in both real life and in the TV show lives in New York City, is a comic, is divorced, and has two little daughters. All those things are true, but aside from him, all his friends and family are played by actors. And the plots and the events that take place are also invented.
W: Oh, I think I see now. That sounds like a very original concept.
M: Yes, it is. In fact,[6] the whole show is written, directed, edited and produced by him, and[5] is very funny and has won many awards.
W: That's cool.[7] I will try to download it. I'm watching a comedy called The Big Bang Theory . It's a huge hit around the world.
M: Oh, yes. I've heard of it, but never actually watched it.
W: Well, then you should check it out. It's also very funny. It's about four male scientists and a female waitress. The men are very socially awkward but very bright. And this is contrasted by the lady's social skills and common sense.[8] The show has been running for over ten years, and some of the actors are practically global superstars. Now that they are such famous celebrities.
5. What does the man think of the satire Frankie he recently watched?
6. What does the man say is special about the satire Frankie ?
7. What does the woman say she is going to do with the satire Frankie ?
8. What does the woman say about the comedy The Big Bang Theory ?
5. A
【听前预测】 四项均以it开头，且后面都是“be+形容词/过去分词”形式对it进行修饰，关键词分别是enjoyable, educational, divorced和adapted。
结论：该题可能以what开头提问，考查的内容可能与it具有什么样的特征相关。听录音时首先要明确it的指代对象，留意与选项中的关键词相关的语句，然后根据问题做出进一步的判断。
【解析】 对话中男士提到：“我正在看一部超棒的讽刺剧，名叫《弗兰基》。我想你会喜欢的。”还提到：“而且非常有趣，也赢得了许多奖项。”因此选项A与对话内容相符，为正确答案。选项B在对话中未提及，故可排除。对话中男士提到这部剧“是关于一个现实中名叫弗兰基的男人的。他是一位纽约著名的喜剧演员，这部剧是喜剧和戏剧的结合体，大致描绘了他的生活”。所以该剧并没有脱离现实，也不是改编自戏剧，因此，选项C和选项D与对话中的内容均不符，故均可排除。
6. D
【听前预测】
1. 四项均是陈述句，是对一些事实的一般性描述，本题可能以what开头提问。
2. 三项都是对代词it进行描述的句子（It is based on...，Its plots and events...和It is written...），一项与角色（All the roles...）有关。
结论：该题可能以what提问，考查的内容可能与it的性质相关。听录音时需留意与各选项关键信息相关的语句，然后根据问题做出进一步的判断。
【解析】 对话中男士提到：“整部剧都是由他编写、导演、剪辑和制作的，而且非常有趣，也赢得了许多奖项。”选项D与对话内容相符，故为正确答案。对话中男士提到：“所有这些事情都是真的，但除了他，他所有的朋友和家人都是由演员扮演的。所有的情节和发生的事件也都是虚构的。”由此可知，对话中并未提及角色都由著名演员扮演，选项A可以排除；所有的情节和对话中的事情都是虚构的，所以选项B和选项C也可排除。
7. D
【听前预测】
1. 四项均以动词原形开头，本题可能以what提问，考查某种行为或动作。
2. 四项均提到了it，本题考查内容应与it有关，可能是某人针对it所采取的行动。
结论：该题考查的内容可能与某人对it所采取的具体行动或措施相关。四个选项中的关键信息分别是go to the theater, recommend, watch和download。听录音时应将重点放在与it有关的内容上，并留意与这些关键信息有关的内容，然后根据问题做出进一步的判断。
【解析】 对话中男士先提到：“事实上，整部剧都是由他编写、导演、剪辑和制作的，而且非常有趣，也赢得了许多奖项。”女士接着说道：“太酷了。我会试着下载它。”由此可知，男士向女士推荐这部很棒的剧，女士接受了男士的推荐，打算把这部剧下载下来。因此，选项D与对话内容相符，为正确答案。其他三个选项对话中均未提及，故均可排除。
8. B
【听前预测】
1. 四项均以it开头，前两项是完成时态，后两项是对it进行的一般性描述，本题可能以what开头提问。
2. 三项提到的内容是负面的（drawn criticisms, ridiculous和against）。
结论：该题可能以what开头提问，考查的内容可能与it的性质或者优缺点相关。听录音时首先要明确it的指代对象，留意与选项内容相关的语句，然后根据问题做出进一步的判断。
【解析】 对话中女士提到：“这部剧已经连续更新了十多年，其中一些演员实际上已经成了全球超级明星。”因此选项B与对话内容相符，为正确答案。选项A未提到，故可排除。对话中女士提到：“我在看喜剧片《生活大爆炸》。这部剧在全世界大受欢迎。”由此可知，《生活大爆炸》是喜剧片而非讽刺剧，故选项C可排除。对话中女士简单介绍了《生活大爆炸》的剧情，说的是男科学家们和女服务员的常识形成鲜明对比，而不是说这部剧违反常识，所以选项D是对对话中内容的混淆，也可排除。
Related to the “use-it-or-lose-it” law is the “keep-moving” principle. We learned about stagnation from nature. A river that stops moving gets smelly. The same thing happens to people who stop moving, either mentally or physically.[9] Those who play contact sports know that the player who usually gets hurt the most is the one who is standing still. Of course, you'll need some time to catch your breath every so often, but the essential message is keep-moving, -extending and -learning. Ships last a lot longer when they go to sea than when they stay in the harbor. The same is true for airplanes. You don't preserve an airplane by keeping it on the ground. You preserve it by keeping it in service. We also get to live a long healthy life by staying in service.[10] Longevity statistics reveal that the average person doesn't last very long after retirement. The more we'll hear is “Don't retire”. If a fellow says “I'm 94 years old and I worked all my life”, we need to realize that is how he got to be 94, by staying involved. George Bernard Shaw won a Nobel Prize when he was nearly 70. Benjamin Franklin produced some of his best writings at the age of 84, and Pablo Picasso put brush to canvas right through his eighties. Isn't the issue how old we think we are?[11] A bonus with the “keep-moving” principle is that while we keep moving, we don't have a chance to worry. Hence we avoid the dreaded paralysis by analysis.
9. What does the speaker say about players of contact sports?
10. What do longevity statistics reveal about the average person?
11. What bonus does the “keep-moving” principle bring us according to the speaker?
快速浏览本部分的所有选项，根据moving too fast, team spirit, keep moving, live longer, keep themselves busy, retirement, prevents us from worrying, slows down our aging process等可大致推断本文与运动和退休之后的生活相关，可能涉及保持运动的好处、退休之后如何生活的建议等。听录音时需特别注意相关的内容，注重对短文细节信息的提取。
9. C
【解题思路】
1. 四项都以they开头，描述的都是与运动相关的内容。
2. 两项含有moving，两项含有get hurt或getting hurt。
结论：本题很可能以what提问，可能询问的是they在运动时需要做的事情，很可能考查文中的细节信息。听录音时应首先判断they的指代对象，并注意重点听四个选项的关键信息get hurt when moving too fast, team spirit, keep moving to avoid getting hurt, avoid body contact。
【解析】 题目问的是关于接触性运动的运动员们，说话者说了什么。文章开头部分提及了接触性运动（contact sports），原文提到：参加接触性运动的人都知道，通常受伤最多的就是那个站着不动的运动员。由此得知，想要避免在此种运动中受伤，就要不停地活动。选项C正是对该部分内容的总结概括，为正确选项。其他三项原文并未提到，故均排除。
10. A
【解题思路】
1. 四项都以they开头，描述的都是与they的退休生活相关的内容。
2. 两项与they退休之后的寿命相关，但是这两项内容完全相反。
结论：本题很可能以what提问，可能询问的是they退休之后的生活状态或寿命长短，很可能考查文中的细节信息，也可能涉及文章的主题。听录音时应首先判断they的指代对象，并注意重点听四个选项的关键信息do not have many years to live after retirement, tend to live longer with early retirement, enjoying life until full retirement, busy even after retirement。
【解析】 题目问的是关于普通人的寿命，寿命统计数据显示了什么。短文中间部分提到：寿命统计数据显示，一般人退休后的寿命都不会太长。选项A中的do not have many years to live是对原文中的doesn't last very long的同义转述，因此选项A为正确选项。选项B、C原文并未提到，均排除。短文中列举了萧伯纳、富兰克林、毕加索在高龄时仍然保持忙碌的例子，但是他们都属于名人，不是题目中问的普通人（the average person），因此排除选项D。
11. A
【解题思路】 四项都以it开头，描述的都是it对“我们”的积极影响。
结论：本题很可能以what提问，可能询问的是it对“我们”的积极影响或者给“我们”带来的好处，很可能考查文中的细节信息，也可能是文章的主题。听录音时应首先判断it的指代对象，并注意重点听四个选项的关键信息prevents...worrying, slows down...aging process, accomplish in life, provides...chances to learn。
【解析】 题目问的是根据说话者的说法，“持续运动”原则给我们带来了什么好处。文章结尾部分提到：“持续运动”原则的一个意外收获就是，当我们持续运动时，我们没有机会杞人忧天。选项A“它使我们免于担忧”正是对该部分内容的总结概括，为正确选项。其他三项原文并未提到，故均排除。
In 2014, one in sixteen Americans visited the hospital emergency room for home injuries. One of the main causes of these accidents? A wandering mind![12] By one estimate, people daydream through nearly half of their waking hours. Psychologists have recently focused on the tendency to think about something other than the task one is doing. For one experiment,[13] researchers developed an app to analyze the relationship between daydreaming and happiness. They found that the average person's mind wandered most frequently about 65% of the time during personal activities, such as brushing their teeth and combing their hair. Respondents' minds tended to wander more when they felt upset rather than happy. They were more likely to wander toward pleasant topics than unpleasant ones. How do daydreams affect daydreamers? A wandering mind leaves us vulnerable when driving. In one study, researchers interviewed 955 people involved in traffic accidents, the majority of them reported having daydream just before the accident.[14] Yet other research suggests that daydreaming has benefits. Researches have found that it gives us a chance to think about our goals and it also seems to increase creativity. In one experiment, 145 undergraduates completed four unusual uses tasks, each requiring them to list as many uses as possible for an everyday object. After the first pair of tasks was completed, one group of participants was assigned an undemanding activity intended to cause their minds to wander. When all the participants proceeded to the second pair of tasks,[15] the daydreamers performed 40% better than the others.
12. What does the passage say about people's mind?
13. For what purpose did the researchers develop the new app?
14. How does daydreaming benefit people according to some researchers?
15. What was the finding of the experiment with 145 undergraduates?
快速浏览本部分的所有选项，根据joyous experiences, waking time, concentrating, negative feelings, happiness relates to daydreaming, mind, health and daydreaming, daydreamers, non-daydreamers等可大致推断本文与大脑或做白日梦相关，可能涉及做白日梦与健康或幸福的关系，注意力的集中等方面的描述。听录音时需特别注意相关的内容，注重对短文细节信息的提取。
12. B
【解题思路】
1. 四项都以it开头，都描述了it的活动或表现。
2. 两项含有their。
结论：本题很可能以what提问，可能询问的是it的活动或表现，很可能考查文中的细节信息。听录音时应首先判断it和their的指代对象，并重点听四个选项的关键信息dwell upon their joyous experiences, wanders...half of their waking time, has trouble concentrating...brain injury, affected by their negative feelings。
【解析】 题目问的是关于人们的大脑，短文说了什么。文章开头部分提及A wandering mind!随后的介绍说：据估计，人们几乎有一半醒着的时间都在做白日梦。选项B“It wanders for almost half of their waking time.”正是对people daydream through nearly half of their waking hours的同义转述，因此选项B为正确选项。其他三项原文并未提到，故均排除。
13. A
【解题思路】
1. 四项都是不定式短语。
2. 三项含有daydreaming，两项含有daydreaming与幸福或健康的关系。
结论：本题可能询问目的，考查的内容可能是做白日梦与幸福或健康的关系，或是做白日梦对人的影响，考查的很可能是文章的某个细节。听录音时应重点听四个选项的关键信息happiness relates to daydreaming, one's mind affects one's behavior, daydreaming impacts what one is doing, health and daydreaming。
【解析】 题目问的是研究人员开发新的应用程序的目的是什么。文章前半部分提到：在一个实验中，研究人员开发了一个应用程序来分析做白日梦和幸福之间的关系。选项A“To find how happiness relates to daydreaming.”正是对原文to analyze the relationship between daydreaming and happiness的同义转述，因此选项A正确。其他三项均不是短文中提到的研究人员开发应用程序的目的，故均排除。
14. C
【解题思路】
1. 四项都以it开头，描述的都是it对某事的促进作用。
2. 四项都含有them或their，涉及决定、潜能、创造力和思考这些抽象名词。
结论：本题很可能询问it对某事的促进作用，促进的很可能是某些人的决定、潜能、创造力或思考这些方面，很可能考查文中的细节信息，也有可能考查的是文章的主题。听录音时应首先判断it, them, their的指代对象，并重点听四个选项的关键信息make good decisions, tap their potentials, contributes to their creativity, contributes to their thinking。
【解析】 题目问的是在有些研究人员看来，做白日梦是如何使人们受益的。文章后半部分提到：然而，其他研究表明，白日做梦是有好处的（Yet other research suggests that daydreaming has benefits.）。题目中复现了benefit一词。后面的介绍说：研究发现，做白日梦给了我们思考目标的机会，而且似乎还能提高创造力。选项C中的contributes to their creativity正是increase creativity的同义转述，因此选项C正确。其他三项原文并未提到，故均排除。
15. D
【解题思路】
1. 四项都含有比较关系。
2. 两项含有daydreamers和non-daydreamers的对比。
结论：本题很可能以what提问，可能询问的是两组实验对象之间的对比，很可能考查文中的细节信息。听录音时应注意重点听四个选项的关键信息outperformed, insignificant, more confused, did better。
【解析】 题目问的是有145名大学生参与的实验的结果是什么。文章结尾部分提及在一项实验中，145名大学生完成了四项不同寻常的用途任务。原文在介绍过任务的具体过程之后，总结了任务的结果：当所有参与者进行第二对任务时，做白日梦的人比其他人表现得要好40%。选项D正是对原文the daydreamers performed 40% better than the others的总结概括，因此选择D正确。选项A、C原文并未提到，故均排除。选项B与原文提到的实验结果相反，因此也排除。
Dating from as far back as the 12th century, they are claimed to be the rarest historic buildings in western Europe. These buildings offer vital insights into Scandinavia's Viking past. But now, with only 30 wooden churches remaining[16] and their condition deteriorating, experts are working to preserve the structures for future generations.
Some of these spectacular churches are no more than small buildings, barely four meters wide and six meters tall. Others are much larger structures. They soar up to 40 meters into the cold air. Most consist of timber frames that rest on stone blocks.[17] This means that they have no foundations. Although many of the churches appear from the outside to be complex structures, they normally feature only a single storey but numerous different roof levels.
Staff from the Norwegian government have carried out conservation work on 10 of the churches over the past two years. Most of these churches date from between the 12th and 14th centuries. Other churches were conserved in previous years. So far, specialists have worked to add preservative materials to the churches' exteriors. They also replaced rotting roots and halted the sinking of the churches into the ground. In two cases, huge machines have been used to lift the buildings up to 30 centimeters into the air. This was accomplished so that the team could examine and repair the churches' original medieval stone blocks. The team plans to return to around a dozen of the buildings to assess progress and consider further action.
The earliest free-standing wooden church was probably built in Norway in around 1080. However, the largest known wooden churches were built from the 1130s onwards. This period was one of inter-elite rivalry, in which nobles sought to increase their influence by funding the construction of churches and other buildings. The reason for constructing the buildings from wood is probably that[18] ideally proportioned straight and slender timber was available in large quantities in Scandinavia's vast pine forests. As wood was so plentiful, it was cheaper to use than the stone used in the buildings of other European cultures. The area's ship building tradition, partly established by the Vikings, also meant that sophisticated carpentry was a major aspect of the local culture. The complex style of the medieval wooden church carvings and the skills used to make them almost certainly derive from the ancient Viking tradition.
16. What does the speaker say about the Viking wooden churches?
17. What is special about most of the Viking wooden churches?
18. Why were the Viking churches constructed from wood?
快速浏览本部分各个题目的所有选项，根据选项中出现的buildings, wooden, Scandinavia, Vikings可以判断，录音内容可能与斯堪的纳维亚的维京人及其建筑有关，再由选项中的其他信息推断，录音中还可能提及了斯堪的纳维亚建筑的现存情况及其特点。
16. D
【解题思路】 四项都以they开头，描述的都是现在的情况，所以推断本题考查they现在怎么样了，听录音时要重点关注各选项的关键信息，注意判断they的指代对象。
【解析】 本题问讲话者讲了和维京木制教堂有关的什么事。录音开头提到：“现在仅存30座木制教堂，而且状况也在逐渐恶化。”这与选项D的描述一致，故选项D正确。其余三项录音中并未提及，故排除。
17. C
【解题思路】 四项描述都围绕着they展开，要重点关注各个选项中的关键信息：14 centuries, 40 metres tall, without foundations, several storeys，同时还要注意判断they的指代对象。
【解析】 本题问大多数维京木制教堂的特别之处。选项A录音中未提及，故排除。录音中提到40米高只是部分教堂的高度，并非大多数维京教堂的特点，属于张冠李戴，故排除选项B。选项C与录音中的“这意味着它们没有地基”一致，故为正确选项。选项D与录音中提到的“它们通常只有一层”相矛盾，也排除。
18. C
【解题思路】 四项均为陈述语序，且都提到了带有wood意思的词，可推断本题考查的内容与为什么选择木材作为建筑材料有关，听录音时要重点关注和木材有关的内容。
【解析】 本题问为什么维京人用木材建造教堂。选项C与录音中提到的“斯堪的纳维亚广阔的松树林中有大量曲直合适、粗细均匀的木材”一致，故为正确选项。其余三项录音中均未提及，故排除。
In last week's lecture, we discussed the characteristics of the newly-born offspring of several mammals. You probably remember that human infants are less developed physically than other mammals of the same age.[19] But in today's lecture, we'll look at three very interesting studies that hint at the surprising abilities of human babies.
In the first study, three-year-olds watched two videos shown side by side. Each featuring a different researcher, one of whom they'd met once two years earlier. The children spent longer watching the video showing the researcher they hadn't met. This is consistent with young children's usual tendency to look longer at things that aren't familiar. And really this is amazing. It suggests the children remembered the researcher they'd met just one time when they were only one-year-olds. Of course, as most of us forget memories from our first few years as we grow older, these early long-turn memories will likely be lost in subsequent years.
Our second study is about music. For this study researchers played music to babies through speakers located on either side of a human face. They waited until the babies got bored and inverted their gaze from the face. And then they changed the mood in the music either from sad to happy or the other way around. This mood switch made no difference to the three-month-olds; but for the nine-month-olds, it was enough to renew their interest and they started looking again in the direction of the face.[20] This suggests that babies of that age can tell the difference between a happy melody and a sad tune.
Our final study is from 1980, but it's still relevant today. In fact,[21] it's one of the most famous pieces of research about infant emotion ever published. The study involved ordinary adults watching video clips of babies nine months or younger. In the video clips, the babies made various facial expressions in response to real life events, including playful interactions and painful ones. The adult observers were able to reliably discern an assortment of emotions on the babies faces. These emotions included interest, joy, surprise, sadness, anger, disgust, contempt and fear.
Next week, we'll be looking at this last study more closely. In fact, we will be viewing some of the video clips from that study. And together, see how well we do in discerning the babies' emotions.
19. What are the three interesting studies about?
20. What does the second study find about nine-month-old babies?
21. What is the 1980 study about?
快速浏览本部分各个题目的所有选项，由选项中的human babies, infants等词汇可以推断，录音内容应该与人类婴儿有关，可能会涉及能证明婴儿具有何种特点或能力的具体实例。
19. D
【解题思路】 四项均为名词性短语，且有两项提到了human babies，各项关键信息分别为：similarities, cognitive features, adults' influence, abilities。听录音时需将重点放在与各个选项关键词相关的内容上。
【解析】 本题问这三个研究是关于什么的。录音开头只是说“人类婴儿的身体发育程度比同龄的其他哺乳动物要低”，并未提及二者的相似之处，故排除选项A。选项B、C文中并未提及，也排除。选项D与文中提到的“它们暗示了人类婴儿有惊人的能力”相符，故为正确选项。
20. A
【解题思路】
1. 四项均以they开头，描述的都是they的能力或喜好，听录音时要注意判断they的指代对象。
2. 四项中均提到了和music相关的内容，可以判断本题考查的内容与音乐有关，听录音时要重点关注和音乐有关的内容。
【解析】 本题问第二项研究对九个月大的婴儿有何发现。录音中提到第二项研究和音乐有关，研究中的实验表明“九个月大的婴儿能够区分快乐的旋律和悲伤的曲调”，故选项A正确。其余三项录音中均未提及，故排除。
21. B
【解题思路】 四项均为名词短语，且都提到了babies或infants，听录音时需重点关注各选项中涉及的facial expressions, emotions, interaction, behaviors等关键信息。
【解析】 本题问1980年的研究和什么有关。根据录音内容可知，两1980年的研究“是迄今发表的关于婴儿情绪最著名的研究之一”，选项B与此介绍一致，故正确。录音中提到在视频中，婴儿对现实生活中的事件做出了各种面部表情，但该研究是通过这些表情分辨情绪的，故排除选项A。其余两项内容均未提及，故排除。
Today I'd like to talk about the dangers of being too collaborative. Being a good team player is a central skill in our modern workplace. The ability to work well with others and collaborate on projects is a sought-after ability in nearly every position.[22] However, placing too much emphasis on being a good team player can negatively affect your career growth. Don't be overly focused on gaining consensus. Don't be too concerned with the opinions of others. This can hinder your ability to make decisions, speak up and gain recognition for your individual skills and strengths. Some people are too subordinate to others' opinions, too focused on decision consensus, too silent about their own point of view, too agreeable to take things on when they don't have time or energy. This leads to building a brand of underconfident, submissive, low-impact non-leaders and hampers their growth and career advancement.
[23] Collaboration certainly makes your individual competencies and contributions more difficult for outsiders to identify. Collaborative projects mean you're sharing the spotlight with others. Outsiders may then find it difficult to determine your contributions and strengths. This may end up costing you opportunities for promotions or pay raises. You certainly shouldn't ditch teamwork, but how can you avoid the hazards of being an over-collaborator?
Working in a team can have huge benefits. Your team may have repeated successes and often gain recognition.[24] You then have more opportunities to expand your professional network than if you worked alone. However, finding a balance between team efforts and individual projects that give you independent recognition is important for making a name for yourself and providing opportunities for advancement.
Be selective in who you work with. This will maximize the benefits and minimize the downsides of being a team player. Collaborate with people who have complementary expertise. Select projects where there's potential for mutual benefit. Perhaps you're bringing your unique knowledge and gaining access to someone else's professional network, or maybe you're able to learn a new skill by working with someone. Seek out your teammates purposefully rather than jumping on every new group project opportunity. When we're too collaborative, we want everyone to agree with a decision before we proceed.[25] This can create unnecessary delays as you hold meetings trying to achieve consensus. It's fine to be collaborative when seeking input. But put a deadline on the input stage and arrive at a decision, even if it's a decision that doesn't have consensus.
22. What does the speaker say about being over collaborative?
23. What does the speaker say about people engaged in collaborative projects?
24. How do people benefit from working in a team?
25. Why is it undesirable to spend too much time trying to reach consensus?
快速浏览各个选项，由各选项中的关键信息career development, team members, project, team可判断，本篇讲话的内容很可能与团队合作和项目有关。
22. B
【解题思路】
1. 四个选项都以代词it开头作主语，且都包含情态动词may，表示推测。
2. 四个选项描述的都是负面影响，选项关键词分别为harm the culture, individual career development, unwillingness to take risks, put too much pressure。可推测本题考查某件事可能造成的后果。听音时应注意与四项关键词相关的信息。
【解析】 讲话者在开头提到，与他人良好合作并协作开展项目的能力几乎在每个职位中都备受青睐。但是，过分强调成为一个好的团队合作者，会对你的职业发展产生负面影响。讲话者随后详细讲述过度合作的弊端，即会产生一类缺乏自信、顺从他人、影响力小的员工，并阻碍他们的成长和职业发展。可知，选项B的说法与讲话内容一致，为正确答案。其余三项讲话者未提及，均可排除。
23. C
【解题思路】
1. 四个选项都以they开头作主语，两项包含情态动词can，两项包含情态动词may。
2. 四个选项描述的都是负面影响。听音时应注意与四项关键词相关的信息。
【解析】 讲话者在讲话中间提到，合作无疑会使你的个人能力和贡献更难被局外人发现。合作型项目意味着你和其他人都是关注的焦点。局外人可能很难确定你的贡献和长处。因此，选项C的说法符合讲话内容，为正确答案。讲话者在前面提到，有些人过于屈从于他人的意见，根本不发表自己的观点，这只是过度合作的表现。而对于参与合作型项目的人，作者并没有明确说他们不会表达自己独到的见解，选项A推理过度，可排除。讲话者提到，过度合作会使人缺乏自信、顺从他人、产生的影响力小，但并没有提到他们是否会丧失创造力，因此选项D可排除。
24. A
【解题思路】
1. 四个选项都以they开头作主语，且都包含情态动词can。
2. 四个选项都是正向的表述，关键词分别为enlarge...circle, engage in research, make the best use of...expertise, complete...more easily。听音时应注意与四项关键词相关的信息。
【解析】 讲话者在讲话中间提到，团队合作有巨大的好处。团队可能屡屡取得成功，常常获得认可。与单独工作相比，你将有更多机会去拓展自己的职业人际关系网。可知，选项A的说法与讲话内容一致，为正确答案。选项A中的circle为讲话中network的同义替换。其余三项讲话者并未提及，可排除。
25. B
【解题思路】
1. 四个选项都以it开头作主语，且都包含情态动词may，表示推测。
2. 四个选项描述的都是负面后果，可推测本题考查某件事造成的负面影响或结果。
【解析】 讲话者在讲话最后提到，过度合作的表现是我们希望团队中每个人都同意一个决定，然后再继续进行下一步。你召开会议试图达成共识，这可能会造成不必要的延迟。可知，讲话者建议不要花太多时间达成共识，因为这会造成不必要的延迟，从而耽误在每个阶段做出及时的决定。选项B的说法和讲话内容一致，故为正确答案。选项C偷换概念，是造成不必要的延迟而不是不必要的花费，可排除。其余两项讲话者未提及，均可排除。