Part 3

考官范文亮点句型

同义句型

…seems to be an increasingly widespread problem and I think that…is/are probably responsible for this.

……似乎越来越成为一个普遍的问题。我认为……可能是造成这种情况的原因。

写作范例

The behaviour of student populations in many countries has become increasingly unruly in recent years. I believe that this can be attributed, at least in part, to changes in the family dynamic brought about by modern society.

近年来，许多国家学生的行为变得越来越不守规矩。我认为，至少在某种程度上，这可归因于现代社会带来的家庭关系的变化。

Poor student behaviour seems to be an increasingly widespread problem and I think that modern lifestyles are probably responsible for this .

学生的不良行为似乎越来越成为一个普遍的问题。我认为现代生活方式可能是造成这种情况的原因。

语境含义

1. unruly adj. 难驾驭的；不驯服的。由前缀un（表示否定）和词根ruly（遵守规则）构成，ruly来自单词rule（规则）。因此，当描述“不遵从规则”的时候可以使用这个单词。

例句 An experienced teacher knows how to deal with unruly students in the classroom. 一名有经验的教师知道如何在课上对付不守规矩的学生。

2. attribute vt. 归因于；归属。由前缀at（朝向）和词根tribute（分配、给予）构成。句型中attribute something to可翻译成“把……归因于”。

例句 The mayor's resignation is attributed to the over-whelming stress of his job. 市长的辞职源于巨大的工作压力。

3. responsible adj. 有责任的；可靠的

例句 Humans are responsible for a variety of environmental problems, but we can also take steps to reduce the damage that we are causing to the enviroment. 虽然人类对各种环境问题负有责任，但我们可以逐步减少人类对环境的破坏。

4. dynamic adj. 动态的；充满活力的包含词根dyn（力量） n. 人际互动方式；推动变化的力量

词组 the dynamic between a doctor and a patient 医患关系；the teacher-student dynamic 师生关系

例句 Disease is a central dynamic in the decrease in population. 疾病是造成人口下降最重要的推动因素。

模仿造句

空气污染在很多国家变得越来越难以控制。我认为，这至少部分可归因于私家车拥有量的增长。

Air pollution has become increasingly out of control in many countries, and I believe that this can be attributed, at least in part, to the increased private car ownership.

空气污染在很多国家似乎越来越成为一个普遍的问题。我认为私家汽车拥有量的增长可能是造成这种情况的主要原因。

Air pollution seems to be an increasingly widespread problem in many countries, and I think the increased private car ownership is probably responsible for this .

扩展句型

…so that…with…not in terms of…, but in…ways.

……造成……以及……不是在……方面，而是在……方面。

写作范例

In many countries, especially industrialized ones, there has been a long-term swing in demographics toward fewer children. At the same time, increasing costs of living for these families has caused an upswing in dual-income families. These families lavish attention on their child not in traditional ways like time or attention, but with material gifts.

在很多国家，尤其是工业化国家，长期以来人口生育率偏低。与此同时，生活成本的上涨也导致了双收入家庭的增加。这些家庭不是以投入时间、关心等传统方式来关爱孩子，而是过多地用物质和礼物来代替关心。

In many countries, the birth rate is decreasing so that families are smaller with fewer children. These children are often spoilt, not in terms of love and attention because working parents do not have the time for this, but in more material ways .

在很多国家，出生率的下降导致孩子数量减少和家庭规模变小。这些孩子通常会受到父母的溺爱，但不是在关心和关爱方面，因为父母要工作无法腾出时间，而更多的是用物质来表达关爱。

语境含义

1. up swing n. 原指“向上摆动”，后引申为“增长；增加”。

例句 There is an upswing in the stock market. 股市呈上升趋势。

2. demographic n. 包含词根demo（人民），表示“某个特点的人群；人群特点”，常翻译成“人群；人群特点；人口统计数据”。

例句 （1）The demographics of the disease are changing, and we are seeing much younger people being affected by it. 受到这种疾病感染的人群正在发生变化，我们看到越来越多的年轻人受到感染。（2）The town's demographics suggest that the restaurant will do well there. 该城镇的人口统计数据表明这家餐馆将在那里将会经营得很好。

3. lavish vt. 包含词根lav（冲洗），引申为“无节制、大量地给予……”，常翻译成“慷慨给予；浪费；滥用”。 adj. 浪费的；丰富的；大方的

搭配 lavish sth. on；lavish sb. with sth.；be lavish with/in…

例句 Many parents lavish attention on their children in material ways. 很多父母过于在物质上给予他们的孩子以关注。

模仿造句

在很多发达国家，人口长期以来趋向于老龄化。

In many developed countries, there has been a long-term swing in demographics toward more older people.

我们的生活水平正在提高，使得我们能够在国外度假，可以把收入的更大比例用来娱乐。

Our standards of living are becoming higher so that we are able to spend holidays in foreign countries with a bigger proportion of our income for entertainment.

太空研究带来的现代技术的进步，往往不是体现在日常生活方面，而是在太空装备方面。

Advances in modern technology are achieved by space research not often in terms of daily life, but more in space equipment.

写作范例

Many children are handed expensive toys and trinkets by parents who feel guilty about the lack of time and attention that they can give the child, and are slow to discipline that child when he or she misbehaves due to a feeling that it is their fault.

许多孩子会收到父母买的昂贵的玩具和小饰物，父母因为不能给予孩子足够的时间和关心而感到愧疚，当孩子表现不好时，父母迟迟不进行管教，因为他们觉得这是由他们造成的。

模仿造句

政府迟迟不采取行动遏制房价上涨。

The government is slow to take actions to stem the rise of housing prices.

写作范例

Increasingly, this means that children now grow to adolescence and adulthood without consideration for others and without a proper understanding of how they are provided with the material goods that they see as their due.

这就越来越意味着孩子长大、进入青春期和成年期后不会考虑他人的感受，对于他们认为理应得到的物质商品从何而来不会有正确的理解；相反，他们认为受之无愧。

语境含义

1. adolescence n. 青春期

2. adulthood n. 成年

3. due adj./n. 与debt同源，原本表示“欠债”的含义；作形容词时，表示“应该做……”的语境含义，常翻译成“到期的，预计的，预期的”；作名词时，指“应得到的东西”。

例句 （1）The train is due in five minutes. 火车5分钟后到站。（2）He deserves to be given his due. 他应受到公平的对待。

模仿造句

很多孩子长大进入青春期和成年期之后没有清晰的人生目标，不知道未来要做什么。

Many children grow up to adolescence and adulthood without clear perspectives of their life and without any understanding of what they are hoping to do with their life.

扩展句型

When they get to school age…have less respect for…and refuse to…in the way that…

到了上学年龄，……他们对……缺乏尊重，拒绝像……那样……

写作范例

Increasingly, because of this, they now attend school lacking an understanding of consequences and of proper behaviour. They no longer respect authority figures and engage in antisocial behaviour as a result.

正因如此，他们现在上学时对不当后果和正确行为越来越缺乏理解。他们不再尊重权威人士，进而导致做出反社会的行为。

When they get to school age they have not learnt any self control or discipline. They have less respect for their teachers and refuse to obey school rules in the way that their parents did.

到了上学的年龄，他们没有学会任何自我控制或纪律。他们对老师缺乏尊重，拒绝像他们的父母从前那样遵守校规。

语境含义

1. get to school age 到了上学年龄

2. in the way that… 原指“按照什么方式”，常翻译成“像……那样”。

模仿造句

很多学生长大成人但对正确的道德行为缺乏正确的理解。

Many students grow up to adolescence and adulthood lacking a proper understanding of correct moral behaviour.

很多孩子到了上学的年龄还没有养成好的生活习惯。

When children get to school age many of them have not developed any good life habits.

对于“千禧一代”来说，他们对传统文化不感兴趣，不会像父辈那样尊重传统习俗。

For the millennial, they have less interest for traditional culture and refuse to observe traditions and customs in the way that their parents did.

同义句型

…continually complain about this problem and measures should be taken to combat the situation.

……不断抱怨这个问题，应该采取措施来改变这种状况。

写作范例

Teachers, administrators, and school personnel continuously complain about the problem and bemoan the lack of effective techniques to discipline unruly children.

教师、管理人员和学校工作人员不断抱怨这个问题，哀叹缺乏有效的方法来管教不守规矩的儿童。

Teachers continually complain about this problem and measures should be taken to combat the situation.

教师们不断抱怨这个问题，应该采取措施来改变这种状况。

语境含义

1. bemoan vt. 来自单词moan（呻吟声），表示“抱怨；悲叹”。

例句 It is no use bemoaning your unfortunate destiny. 哀叹不幸的命运毫无用处。

2. combat vt. 原指“与……斗争”，因此当描述“通过打击、消除或减少”的时候可以使用这个单词，常翻译成“与……战斗；对付……”。

例句 There are a variety of potential ways of combating youth crime. One possibility that is sometimes suggested is a much stricter system of penalties and punishments to deter young people from a life of crime. 打击青少年犯罪有多种可行的方法，其中一个有时被建议使用的方法就是建立更严格的惩罚制度防止青少年走上犯罪道路。

模仿造句

人们不断抱怨这个问题，并哀叹缺乏有效的方法来治理交通拥堵。

People continuously complain about the problem and bemoan the lack of effective techniques to combat traffic congestions.

人们不断抱怨这个问题，应该采取措施来改变这种状况。

People continually complain about this problem and measures should be taken to combat the situation .

写作范例

However, in the end it is not the teacher's job to mold a respectable citizen, it is the family's responsibility. The current generation of parents needs to be more aware of the long-term consequences of raising their children without respect for hard work and discipline.

不过，归根结底，培养受人尊敬的公民不是教师的职责，而是家长的责任。当代的父母需要更加意识到孩子不尊重（别人的）勤奋工作和不遵守纪律的长期后果。

语境含义

mold n. 模子 vt . 塑造。

词组 mold young minds 意为“塑造年轻人的思想”。

例句 The principal devotes his life to teaching and molding children into socially responsible citizens. 校长将他的一生奉献给教育和塑造儿童成为具有社会有责任感的公民。

模仿造句

不过，归根结底，培养儿童的社会责任感不仅是教师的职责，也是家长的责任。当代父母需要更加意识到孩子不遵守社会规范的长期后果。

In the end, it is not only the teacher's job to inculcate children with a sense of social responsibility, it is also the family's . The current generation of parents needs to be more aware of the long-term consequences of raising their children without respect for social norms.

写作范例

If modern parents spent more time teaching their children to be proper socially responsible individuals and less time indulging them with expensive gifts, perhaps the problem with the student population would become a manageable one .

如果现代父母投入更多的时间把孩子教育成有社会责任感的人，少花时间给孩子买昂贵的礼物，或许学生群体的这种问题就会迎刃而解。

语境含义

1. indulge vt. 沉溺；纵容

搭配 indulge sb. in/with…

例句 His son indulged himself in the pleasure of a day spent entirely at the beach. 他的儿子尽情地享受了全天在海滩上的惬意。

2. manageable adj. 易处理的；易办的；可应付的

词组 manageable sections 容易处理的几个部分；tough but manageable 艰巨但可实现的

模仿造句

如果政府肯多投入资金改善城市的居住环境，少花钱发展无关民生的太空科技，或许空气污染问题就会迎刃而解了。

If the government spent more money improving urban living environment and less money developing space technology unrelated to people's livelihood, perhaps the problem of air pollution would become a manageable one .

扩展句型

…are needed to…, and…could be established that would support…in terms of…

或许需要……，同时可以建立……，在……方面为……提供支持。

写作范例

One solution to this could be parenting classes, taught by responsible individuals who have raised children that have grown into high-functioning and socially responsible members of society. Nursery schools could also be established for dual income families so that children can be socially educated from an early age.

解决这个问题，其中一个办法就是开设育儿课程，由具有责任感的人授课——他们已将自己的孩子培养成具有高度责任感的社会成员。同时，还可以为双收入家庭建立托儿所，让儿童从小就能接受社会教育。

Perhaps parenting classes are needed to help families to do this, and high quality nursery schools could be established that would support them more in terms of raising the next generation.

或许需要开设育儿课程来帮助家庭做到这一点。同时可以建立高质量的幼儿园，在培养下一代方面为他们提供更多的支持。

模仿造句

或许需要开设健康教育课程来帮我们做到这一点，同时可以修建更多体育场馆来为我们养成健康的生活方式提供更多的支持。

Perhaps health education classes are needed to help us to do this, and more sports facilities could be constructed that would support us more in terms of developing a healthy lifestyle.

写作范例

I believe that this could and should be a government initiative, because this is increasingly becoming a societal problem and not just an individual one .

我认为，这可以成为而且应该是一项政府性的倡议，因为这正日益成为一个社会问题，而不仅是个人问题。

语境含义

1. initiate vt. 开始；创始

例句 The company has the opportunity to seize the initiative by introducing its new products to the market before its competitors. 该公司有机会抢占先机，将新产品先于竞争对手推向市场。

2. societal adj. 来自单词society, 表示“与社会相关的”。

词组 societal change/concerns/problems/values 社会变化/担忧/问题/价值 Kg6dZPchrTughuA8l+yGu+5rhNd73D7lta/Qiff01dS8jokjqFh609K4C/5Ns6j9