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A fter Rome’s bad start she had one king after another, and some of these kings were pretty good and some were pretty bad . . . .
The most important city in the world at this time was far away from Rome on the Tigris River. This city was called Nineveh, and here lived the kings of the country called Assyria, which I told you about some time ago.
As usual, the chief thing we hear about Assyria and the Assyrians is that they were fighting with their neighbors. This, however, was not the fault of their neighbors.
The Assyrian kings who lived in Nineveh wanted more land and power, and so they fought their neighbors in order to take their land away from them. These kings had long corkscrew curls. They were such vicious fighters that they were feared far and near. They treated their prisoners terribly; they skinned them alive, cut off their ears, pulled out their tongues, bored sticks into their eyes, then bragged about it. They made the people whom they conquered pay them huge sums of money and promise to fight along with them whenever they went to war.
Assyria became so strong and powerful that it owned a lot of the world, the land between the rivers called Mesopotamia, and the land to the east, north, and south, and Phoenicia, and even Egypt.
This big, big country of Assyria was ruled by the kings at Nineveh, who lived in great magnificence. They built wonderful palaces for themselves, and on each side of the way that led to the palace, they placed rows of huge statues of bulls and lions with wings and men’s heads. These winged animals are what are called cherubs in the Bible.
Perhaps you have heard a pretty little baby angel called a cherub. Isn’t it strange that these Assyrian monsters should be called cherubs also?
An Assyrian cherub
When the Assyrian kings were not fighting men, they were fighting wild animals, for they were very fond of hunting with bow and arrow, and they had pictures and statues made of themselves on horseback or in chariots fighting lions. Often they would capture the animals they hunted alive and put them in cages so that the people could come and see them. This was something like a zoo such as we have nowadays.
The rulers of Assyria had very strange names. Sennacherib was one of the most famous. Sennacherib lived about 700 B.C. Once upon a time Sennacherib was fighting Jerusalem. His whole army was camped one night when as they lay asleep something happened, for when the morning came, none woke up; all were dead, both men and horses. An English poet named Byron has written a poem called The Destruction of Sennacherib describing this event. Perhaps they were poisoned; what do you think?
Ashurbanipal was another king who ruled later—about 650 B.C. . He was a great fighter too, but he was also very fond of books and reading; so Ashurbanipal started the first public library. The books in that first public library were, however, very peculiar. Of course they were not printed books, and they were not even made of paper. They were made of mud with the words pressed into the clay before it dried. This writing was cuneiform, which I have already told you about. The books were not arranged in bookcases either, but were placed in piles on the floor. They were, however, kept in careful order and numbered so that a person who wanted to see a book in the library could call for it by its number.
Assyria reached the height of her power during the reign of Sennacherib and Ashurbanipal, and everything in Nineveh was so lovely for the Ninevites that the time when Ashurbanipal reigned was called the Golden Age.
Although everything in Nineveh was so lovely for the Ninevites, everywhere else the Assyrians were hated and feared, for their armies brought death and destruction wherever they went.
It came to pass that not long after Ashurbanipal died, two of the neighbors of Nineveh could stand it no longer. These two neighbors were the king of Babylon, who lived south, and a people called the Medes, who lived to the east. The kings of Babylon and the Medes got together and attacked Nineveh, and together they wiped that city off the face of the earth. This was in 612 B.C.—Six-One-Two—and the power of Nineveh and Assyria was killed dead. This, therefore is called the Fall of Nineveh, the end of Nineveh. We might put up a tombstone:
