1.Wingerchuk DM, Banwell B, Bennett JL, et al. International consensus diagnostic criteria for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. Neurology, 2015, 85: 177-189.
2.Lennon VA, Kryzer TJ, Pittock SJ, et al. Igg marker of optic-spinal multiple sclerosis binds to the aquaporin-4 water channel. J Exp Med, 2005, 202: 473-477.
3.Sellner J, Hemmer B, Muhlau M. The clinical spectrum and immunobiology of parainfectious neuromyelitis optica(devic)syndromes. J Autoimmun, 2010, 34: 371-379.
4.Matiello M, Kim HJ, Kim W, et al. Familial neuromyelitis optica. Neurology, 2010, 75: 310-315.
5.Tham DK, Joshi B, Moukhles H. Aquaporin-4 cell-surface expression and turnover are regulated by dystroglycan,dynamin, and the extracellular matrix in astrocytes. PLoS One, 2016, 11: e0165439.
6.Papadopoulos MC, Verkman AS. Aquaporin 4 and neuromyelitis optica. Lancet Neurol, 2012, 11: 535-544.
7.Chihara N, Aranami T, Sato W, et al. Interleukin 6 signaling promotes anti-aquaporin 4 autoantibody production from plasmablasts in neuromyelitis optica. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2011, 108: 3701-3706.
8.Chihara N, Aranami T, Oki S, et al. Plasmablasts as migratory igg-producing cells in the pathogenesis of neuromyelitis optica. PLoS One, 2013, 8: e83036.
9.Jarius S, Paul F, Franciotta D, et al. Cerebrospinal fluid findings in aquaporin-4 antibody positive neuromyelitis optica: Results from 211 lumbar punctures. J Neurol Sci, 2011, 306: 82-90.
10.Hinson SR, Romero MF, Popescu BF, et al. Molecular outcomes of neuromyelitis optica(nmo)-igg binding to aquaporin-4 in astrocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2012, 109: 1245-1250.
11.Asavapanumas N, Ratelade J, Verkman AS. Unique neuromyelitis optica pathology produced in naive rats by intracerebral administration of nmo-igg. Acta Neuropathol, 2014, 127: 539-551.
12.Zhang H, Verkman AS. Longitudinally extensive nmo spinal cord pathology produced by pas sive transfer of nmo-igg in mice lacking complement inhibitor cd59. J Autoimmun, 2014, 53: 67-77.
13.Hinson SR, McKeon A, Fryer JP, et al. Prediction of neuromyelitis optica attack severity by quantitation of complement-mediated injury to aquaporin-4-expressing cells. Arch Neurol, 2009, 66: 1164-1167.
14.Ratelade J, Smith AJ, Verkman AS. Human immunoglobulin g reduces the pathogenicity of aquaporin-4 autoantibodies in neuromyelitis optica. Exp Neurol, 2014, 255: 145-153.
15.Hinson SR, Roemer SF, Lucchinetti CF, et al. Aquaporin-4-binding autoantibodies in patients with neuromyelitis optica impair glutamate transport by down-regulating eaat2. J Exp Med, 2008, 205: 2473-2481.
16.Tzartos JS, Stergiou C, Kilidireas K, et al. Anti-aquaporin-1 autoantibodies in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. PLoS One, 2013, 8: e74773.
17.Sanchez Gomar I, Diaz Sanchez M, Ucles Sanchez AJ, et al. Comparative analysis for the presence of igg antiaquaporin-1 in patients with nmo-spectrum disorders. Int J Mol Sci, 2016, 17(8): 1195
18.Long Y, Zheng Y, Shan F, et al. Development of a cell-based assay for the detection of anti-aquaporin 1 antibodies in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. J Neuroimmunol, 2014, 273: 103-110.
19.Wang JJ, Jaunmuktane Z, Mummery C, et al. Inflammatory demyelination without astrocyte loss in mog antibody-positive nmosd. Neurology, 2016, 87: 229-231.
20.Saadoun S, Waters P, Owens GP, et al. Neuromyelitis optica mog-igg causes reversible lesions in mouse brain.Acta Neuropathol Commun, 2014, 2: 35.
21.Saadoun S, Waters P, MacDonald C, et al. Neutrophil protease inhibition reduces neuromyelitis opticaimmunoglobulin g-induced damage in mouse brain. Ann Neurol, 2012, 71: 323-333.
22.Jarius S, Wildemann B, Paul F. Neuromyelitis optica: Clinical features, immunopathogenesis and treatment. Clin Exp Immunol, 2014, 176: 149-164.
23.Lucchinetti CF, Guo Y, Popescu BF, et al. The pathology of an autoimmune astrocytopathy: Lessons learned from neuromyelitis optica. Brain Pathol, 2014, 24: 83-97.
24.Lucchinetti CF, Mandler RN, McGavern D, et al. A role for humoral mechanisms in the pathogenesis of devic’s neuromyelitis optica. Brain, 2002, 125: 1450-1461.
25.Ratchford JN, Quigg ME, Conger A, et al. Optical coherence tomography helps differentiate neuromyelitis optica and ms optic neuropathies. Neurology, 2009, 73: 302-308.
26.Levin MH, Bennett JL, Verkman AS. Optic neuritis in neuromyelitis optica. Prog Retin Eye Res, 2013, 36: 159-171.
27.Wingerchuk DM, Lennon VA, Lucchinetti CF, et al. The spectrum of neuromyelitis optica. Lancet Neurol, 2007,6: 805-815.
28.Kim W, Park MS, Lee SH, Kim SH, Jung IJ, Takahashi T, et al. Characteristic brain magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities in central nervous system aquaporin-4 autoimmunity. MultScler. 2010, 16: 1229-1236.
29.Nakajima H, Fujiki Y, Ito T, et al. Anti-aquaporin-4 antibody-pos itive neuromyelitis optica presenting with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion as an initial manifestation. Case Rep Neurol, 2011, 3:263-267.
30.Baba T, Nakashima I, Kanbayashi T, et al. Narcolepsy as an initial manifestation of neuromyelitis optica with anti-aquaporin-4 antibody. J Neurol, 2009, 256: 287-288.
31.Poppe AY, Lapierre Y, Melancon D, et al. Neuromyelitis optica with hypothalamic involvement. MultScler, 2005,11: 617-621.
32.Misu T, Fujihara K, Nakashima I, et al Intractable hiccup and nausea with periaqueductal lesions in neuromyelitis optica. Neurology, 2005, 65: 1479-1482.
33.Owler BK, Pitham T, Wang D. Aquaporins: Relevance to cerebrospinal fluid physiology and therapeutic potential in hydrocephalus. Cerebrospinal Fluid Res, 2010, 7: 15.
34.Clardy SL, Lucchinetti CF, Krecke KN, et al. Hydrocephalus in neuromyelitis optica. Neurology, 2014, 82:1841-1843.
35.Guo Y, Lennon VA, Popescu BF, et al. Autoimmune aquaporin-4 myopathy in neuromyeliti s optica spectrum.JAMA Neurol, 2014, 71: 1025-1029.
36.Oh J, Sotirchos ES, Saidha S, et al. Relationships between quantitative s pinal cord mri and retinal layers in multiple sclerosis. Neurology, 2015, 84: 720-728.
37.Zhang LJ, Zhao N, Fu Y, et al. Olfactory dysfunction in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. J Neurol, 2015,262: 1890-1898.
38.Jarius S, Lauda F, Wildemann B, et al. Steroid-responsive hearing impairment in nmo-igg/aquaporin-4-antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica. J Neurol, 2013, 260: 663-664.
39.Wingerchuk DM, Hogancamp WF, O’Brien PC, et al. The clinical course of neuromyelitis optica(devic’s syndrome). Neurology, 1999, 53: 1107-1114.
40.Misu T, Fujihara K, Itoyama Y. neuromyelitis optica and anti-aquaporin 4 antibody--an overview. Brain Nerve,2008, 60: 527-537.
41.Wingerchuk DM, Lennon VA, Pittock SJ, et al. Revised diagnostic criteria for neuromyelitis optica. Neurology,2006, 66: 1485-1489.
42.Yang J, Kim SM, Kim YJ, et al. Accuracy of the fluorescence-activated cell sorting assay for the aquaporin-4 antibody(aqp4-ab): Comparison with the commercial aqp4-ab assay kit. PLoS One, 2016, 11: e0162900.
43.Cassinotto C, Deramond H, Olindo S, et al. Mri of the s pinal cord in neurom yelitis optica and recur rent longitudinal extensive myelitis. Journal of Neuroradiology, 2009, 36: 199-205.
44.Nakamura M, Miyazawa I, Fujihara K, et al. Preferential spinal central gray matter involvement in neuromyelitis optica - an mri study. Journal of Neurology, 2008, 255: 163-170.
45.Wingerchuk DM, Lennon VA, Lucchinetti CF, et al. The spectrum of neuromyelitis optica. Lancet Neurology,2007, 6: 805-815.
46.Kitley J, Leite MI, Kuker W, et al. Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis with and without aquapor in 4 antibodies. Jama Neurology, 2013, 70: 1375-1381.
47.Pekcevik Y, Mitchell CH, Mealy MA, et al. Differentiating neuromyelitis optica from other causes of longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis on spinal magnetic resonance imaging. Multiple Sclerosis Journal,2016, 22: 302-311.
48.Asgari N, Skejoe HPB, Lillevang ST, et al. Modifications of longitudinally extens ive transverse myelitis and brainstem lesions in the course of neuromyelitis optica(nmo): A population-based, descriptive study. Bmc Neurology, 2013, 13(1): 33.
49.Krampla W, Aboul-Enein F, Jecel J, et al. Spinal cord les ions in patients with neuromyelitis optica: A retrospective long-term mri follow-up study. European Radiology, 2009, 19: 2535-2543.
50.Filippi M, Rocca MA, Moiola L, et al. Mri and magnetization transfer imaging changes in the brain and cervical cord of patients with devic’s neuromyelitis optica. Neurology, 1999, 53: 1705-1710.
51.O’Mahony J, Bar-Or A, Arnold DL, et al. Masquerades of acquired demyelination in children: Experiences of a national demyelinating disease program. Journal of Child Neurology, 2013, 28: 184-197.
52.Pittock SJ, Lennon VA, Krecke K, et al. Brain abnormalities in neuromyelitis optica. Archives of Neurology,2006, 63: 390-396.
53.Pittock SJ, Weinshenker BG, Lucchinetti CF, et al. Neuromyelitis optica brain lesions localized at sites of high aquaporin 4 expression. Archives of Neurology, 2006, 63: 964-968.
54.Kim W, Park MS, Lee SH, et al. Characteristic brain magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities in central nervous system aquaporin-4 autoimmunity. Multiple Sclerosis Journal, 2010, 16: 1229-1236.
55.Bichuetti DB, Rivero RLM, Oliveira DM, et al. Neuromyelitis optica - brain abnormalities in a brazilian cohort.Arquivos De Neuro-Psiquiatria, 2008, 66: 1-4.
56.Huh SY, Min JH, Kim W, et al. The usefulness of brain mri at onset in the differentiation of multiple sclerosis and seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. Multiple Sclerosis Journal, 2014, 20: 695-704.
57.Matthews L, Marasco R, Jenkinson M, et al. Distinction of seropositive nmo spect rum disorder and ms brain lesion distribution. Neurology, 2013, 80: 1330-1337.
58.Wang F, Liu YU, Duan YY, et al Brain mri abnormalities in neuromyelitis optica. European Journal of Radiology, 2011, 80: 445-449.
59.Ghezzi A, Bergamaschi R, Martinelli V, et al. Clinical characteristics, course and prognosis of relapsing devic’s neuromyelitis optica. Journal of Neurology, 2004, 251: 47-52.
60.Kim SH, Kim W, Li XF, et al. Clinical spectrum of cnsaquaporin-4 autoimmunity. Neurology, 2012, 78: 1179-1185.
61.McKeon A, Lennon VA, Lotze T, et al. Cnsaquaporin-4 autoimmunity in children. Neurology, 2008, 71: 93-100.
62.Apiwattanakul M, Popescu BF, Matiello M, et al. Intractable vomiting as the initial presentation of neuromyelitis optica. Annals of Neurology, 2010, 68: 757-761.
63.Nakamura M, Misu T, Fujihara K, et al. Occurrence of acute large and edematous callosal lesions in neuromyelitis optica. Multiple Sclerosis, 2009, 15: 695-700.
64.Matsushita T, Isobe N, Piao H, et al. Reappraisal of brain mri f eatures in patients with multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica according to anti-aquaporin-4 antibody status. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 2010,291: 37-43.
65.Magana SM, Matiello M, Pittock SJ, et al. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. Neurology, 2009, 72: 712-717.
66.Eichel R, Meiner Z, Abramsky O, et al. Acute disseminating encephalomyelitis in neuromyelitis optica. Archives of Neurology, 2008, 65: 267-271.
67.Cabrera-Gomez JA, Quevedo-Sotolongo L, Gonzalez-Quevedo A, et al. Brain magnetic resonance imaging findings in relapsing neuromyelitis optica. Multiple Sclerosis, 2007, 13: 186-192.
68.Klawiter EC, Xu JQ, Naismith RT, et al. Increased radial diffusivity in spinal cord lesions in neuromyelitis optica compared with multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis Journal, 2012, 18: 1259-1268.
69.Pichiecchio A, Tavazzi E, Poloni G, et al. Advanced magnetic resonance imaging of neuromyelitis optica: A multiparametric approach. Multiple Sclerosis Journal, 2012, 18: 817-824.
70.Magana SM, Keegan BM, Weinshenker BG, et al. Beneficial plasma exchange response in central nervous system inflammatory demyelination. Arch Neurol, 2011, 68: 870-878.
71.Elsone L, Panicker J, Mutch K, et al. Role of intravenous immunoglobulin in the treatment of acute relapses of neuromyelitis optica: Experience in 10 patients. MultScler, 2014, 20: 501-504.
72.Mandler RN, Ahmed W, Dencoff JE. Devic’s neuromyelitis optica: A prospective study of seven patients treated with prednisone and azathioprine. Neurology, 1998, 51: 1219-1220.
73.Costanzi C, Matiello M, Lucchinetti CF, et al. Azathioprine: Tolerability, efficacy, and predictors of benefit in neuromyelitis optica. Neurology, 2011, 77: 659-666.
74.Jacob A, Matiello M, Weinshenker BG, et al. Treatment of neuromyelitis opti ca with mycophenolatemofetil:Retrospective analysis of 24 patients. Arch Neurol, 2009, 66: 1128-1133.
75.Mealy MA, Wingerchuk DM, Palace J, et al. Comparison of relapse and treatment failure rates among patients with neuromyelitis optica: Multicenter study of treatment efficacy. JAMA Neurol, 2014, 71: 324-330.
76.Pellkofer HL, Krumbholz M, Berthele A, et al. Long-term follow-up of patients with neuromyelitis optica after repeated therapy with rituximab. Neurology, 2011, 76: 1310-1315.
77.Bedi GS, Brown AD, Delgado SR, et al. Impact of rituximab on relapse rate and dis ability in neuromyelitis optica. MultScler, 2011, 17: 1225-1230.
78.Xu Y, Wang Q, Ren HT, et al. Comparison of efficacy and tolerability of az athioprine, mycophenolatemofetil,and cyclophosphamide among patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: A prospective cohort study.J Neurol Sci, 2016, 370: 224-228.
79.Kim SH, Kim W, Park MS, et al. Efficacy and s afety of mitoxantrone in patients with highly relaps ing neuromyelitis optica. Arch Neurol, 2011, 68: 473-479.
80.Tradtrantip L, Zhang H, Saadoun S, et al. Anti-aquaporin-4 monoclonal antibody blocker therapy for neuromyelitis optica. Ann Neurol, 2012, 71: 314-322.
81.Pittock SJ, Lennon VA, McKeon A, et al. Eculizumab in aqp4-igg-positive relapsing neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: An open-label pilot study. Lancet Neurol, 2013, 12: 554-562.
82.Araki M, Matsuoka T, Miyamoto K, et al. Efficacy of the anti-il-6 receptor antibody tocilizumab in neuromyelitis optica: A pilot study. Neurology, 2014, 82: 1302-1306.