第五章
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在英文中,as的用法非常复杂,单as的使用规则就可以写成一本书。不过,出于篇幅和必要性的考虑,笔者在这里仅就as的常见用法,尤其是在历年考研真题中出现过的用法,做专门的归纳和总结,以飨读者。很多用法是我们在前面各章节中讨论过的,这里再提,是为了让大家对as的用法有一个宏观上的把握。
我们先来看看在2006年考研真题中出现的有关as的两道“英译汉”考题。
真题再现:语法攻克考研“英译汉”——2006年第47题
1 His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision.
真题再现:语法攻克考研“英译汉”——2006年第46题
2 I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in Socratic(苏格拉底的) way about moral problems.
上面第46题,有读者来信提出这样的疑问:
“像这个句子I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in Socratic way about moral problems.中as...as之间有名词和一个定语从句,这里as...as应该理解为什么呢?谢谢张老师!”
对于这样的问题,以及上面的真题例句,我将在下文详细展开讨论。在英文中,as有四个词性:介词(prep.)、关系代词(relative pron.)、副词(adv.)和连词(conj.)。了解as的这四个词性有助于我们理解as的各种复杂的用法,因为不同词性决定了不同的用法。