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二、副词的用法

A.副词的普通用法

150 1.几乎所有副词可以用来修饰动词。

He died here (地点).

He died yesterday (时间).

He died suddenly (方式).

He nearly (程度)died.

He has probably (肯定性)died.

151 2.程度副词可用来修饰下面的词:a.形容词,b.另一副词,c.动词(间或)。

a.He is rather silly.The house is very dark.He has an extremely difficult problem.

b.He ran much faster than I.He speaks English fluently enough .He works too hard.

c.He loves her very much .I little know that she is his sister.

方式副词也可用来表示程度,修饰d.形容词或e.副词。

d.He is dreadfully sad.Mary is remarkably simple.She is lamentably poor.He is comfortably warm.

e.He ran tolerably fast.He writes immeasurably better than I.We have waited terribly long.He read incredibly fast.

注:出于语音上的考虑,副词及所修饰的副词不能同时都以-ly结尾,避免说“He works terribly slowly.”,但可说“He's terribly slow.”。

152 3.表示a.程度,b.时间或c.地点的副词可以用来修饰介词。

a.He is much against my proposal.

He failed entirely through his own fault.

He arrived exactly at five o.clock.

He sat just behind me.

b.He came soon after noon.

He left long before the war.

c.He lives far beyond that pagoda.

He stood close beside me.

It is near (or hard )by the bridge.

153 4.表示a.程度或b.时间的副词可用来修饰连词。

a.He fell ill partly because he worked too hard.

He met her exactly when she was angry.

b.He got married long before he was graduated.

He died soon after he got sick.

154 5.表示a.肯定程度及b.方式的副词可以用来修饰整个句子。

a.He will surely succeed.

Surely he will succeed.

He will probably come.

We must positively get the license.

Yes ,I can. No ,I can't.

b. Happily ,he was pardoned.

Luckily ,he has tried his best and succeeded.

B.副词的特殊用法

155 6.少数副词可用来修饰名词。在这样用时,它们通常放在所修饰名词的前面。

even和almost的作用和only相同。

156 有些副词(多为地点副词)在修饰名词时,可以看作一个压缩的形容词从句(即定语从句)。

157 副词有时用在两个名词当中。

Latin words, namely technical terms,often keep their original plural form.

My friends, especially Mary,are very young.

158 有时副词出现在with和一名词中间。

He came here with sometimes his son, sometimes his daughter.

He tried again with scarcely a hope of success.

The room was out of order,with here books, there papers.

We talkedin the house,with frequently roarings of guns coming from afar.

159 7.When,where,why和how可用来引起问句,也可同时用作副词和连词,也就是说,用作“关系副词”(Relative Adverbs)。 OKSqzHdBJ3UBuyHM5AkypF7ptuYePnDUIWmfOhK7ricfhOaVABQBgdxS6t3sKwEp

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