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六、分句

8 词组是比单词大的单位。分句又是比词组更大的单位。分句是一个“大”句子中包含的一个“小”句子,有它自己的主语及谓语。它多由一个连词所引带或连接。例如:

I know that you are all right .(I know that you are all right.是一个“大”句子,you are all right是包含在“大”句子中的“小”句子,由连词that引带)

He will come though it rains

I was dining when he came

How he did it was unknown.

The house where I live is small.

9 如果有两个或更多“小”句子由and,but,or,so这类并列连词连接,这个“大”句子就称为并列句(Compound Sentence),“小”句子就称为分句(Coordinate Clause)。例如:

I walked along, and he followed me.

I talked to him, but he wouldn't listen to me.

I must work, or I shall be starved, but I am so ill.

She loves me, so I love her, but John loves her,too.

10 如果分句起形容词的作用,修饰一名词或代词,这种分句就称为形容词从句(或定语从句),句子的其他部分称为主句(Main Clause或Principal Clause)。例如:

如果从句起副词的作用,修饰句子中的另一动词,这种分句称为副词从句(或状语从句),句子的另一部分称为主句。

如果整个分句起名词的作用(用作主语、宾语、表语或同位语),这种从句称名词从句。

That he has resigned (主语从句)is true.

I know that he is honest .(宾语从句,作动词know的宾语)

That depends on how he did it .(宾语从句,作介词on的宾语)

11 形容词从句、副词从句、名词从句统称为从属句(Subordinate Clauses),简称从句。通常它都由从属连词(Subordinate Conjunctions)引带。凡包含从句的句子都称为复合句(Complex Sentences)。

12 不包含从句或分句的句子称为简单句(Simple Sentences),如:John came yesterday.He does not know anything about her death. eRjrAg/5rsrbmaVj0UYfDPh73hARoEe0nRq8lOPM5RCYGKFo1CJDVdp9k5kmyfE9

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