英音[əd'və:siti];美音[əd'vəsiti]
A state of misfortune or affliction
n.不幸,灾难,逆境,厄运
同义misfortune, mishap反义prosperity形容词adverse
解析:adversity来源于拉丁文ad-(强调)+-vers-(转)+-ity(后缀),其字面意思为突然间大好的形势逆转了,即人们陷入了“灾难和厄运”之中。
●misfortune, mishap与adversity均意为“厄运、灾祸”。
misfortune使用面最广,暗示无法控制的不幸事故、厄运或晦气。例如:He had the misfortune to become gravely ill before the contest.(他真倒霉,在比赛前得了重病。)
mishap侧重指灾难或厄运较轻微或不太严重。例如:They arrived at their destina-tion without any mishaps.(他们毫无偏差地到达了目的地。)
adversity强调连续不断的艰难和磨难。例如:He has been a good friend to me in adversity or in prosperity.(不管我处于逆境还是顺境,他一直是我的好友。)