购买
下载掌阅APP,畅读海量书库
立即打开
畅读海量书库
扫码下载掌阅APP

Section IV

Writing

Part A

题目分析

命题透视

2010年是考研英语(二)第一次命题,写作A节考查了书信这一题型。题目与2009年8月25日教育部公布的书信大纲样题颇为相似,该样题即2008年考研写作A节真题。

本题为感谢信,感谢美国同事的接待。有趣的是,考研写作命题之间有着某种微妙的联系。2010年考研英语(一)大作文主题为“文化融合”“文化交流”,而同年英语(二)小作文题目中也出现了“文化交流”的相关表达。2009年考研英语大作文主题为“网上交流”,而当年MBA写作真题为“手机短信”,写法几乎一样。希望广大考生无论考英语(一)还是(二),都应认真研读历年真题。

本题延续了2008、2009年考研小作文的两点提纲形式,每点提纲各占5分。同时,落款应为“Zhang Wei”,与英语(一)“Li Ming”不同,要严格依据题目要求写作,切勿写错。

经典范文

Dear Mr. Whitman,

I am writing the letter to extend my heartfelt gratitude to you for the hospitality you offer me and also for the very warm and friendly way in which you receive me.

During the Sino-American culture exchange program in the United States of America, I feel obliged to you for the selfless assistance you render me. I especially appreciate your organizing the information according to the items on the agenda. It was kind and generous for you to do all of these for me, and I appreciate it more than I can say.

Finally, I sincerely welcome you to visit China at your convenience and I do hope to have the opportunity of rewarding you in the forthcoming future.

Yours sincerely,
Zhang Wei

中文译文

尊敬的惠特曼先生:

我写信是为了衷心感谢您给予我的热情接待,同时感谢您以非常盛情友好的方式接待我。

在美国的中美文化交流项目期间,非常感谢您给予我无私的帮助。您能按照日程安排组织信息,我十分感激。您为我这样做真是太好、太慷慨了,我的感激无法用言语表达。

最后,我真诚欢迎您方便的时候来中国,并希望在不远的将来有机会回报您。

您真诚的,
张伟

范文评析

本文共三段、五句、119词。首段共一句,点出写作目的,亦即全文的中心思想:对美国同事的热情接待表示感谢,使用了现在进行时、介词短语作状语、定语从句和并列结构。

第二段共三句,“总—分—总”结构。首句为第二段主题句,出现了介词短语放在句首作状语、主系表结构、介词短语作状语和定语从句。第二句点出细节,使文章生动起来,运用了介词短语放在句尾作状语。第三句与首句前后呼应,使用了物称代词作形式主语、主系表结构、不定式短语作真正主语、并列结构和比较状语从句。

尾段再次使用并列结构、介词短语作定语和介词短语放在句尾作时间状语。

在表达本文核心词“感谢”时,作者运用了extend heartfelt gratitude, feel obliged to, especially appreciate进行同义替换;而在表达书信常用词语“提供”时,也使用offer和render两种表述。

精彩表达

extend 表达

heartfelt 由衷的

gratitude 感谢

hospitality 热情接待

offer 提供

warm 盛情的

friendly 友好的

receive 接待

culture exchange 文化交流

program 项目

selfless 无私的

assistance 帮助

render 提供

appreciate 感激

organize 组织

according to 根据

item 项目

agenda 日程

generous 慷慨的

sincerely 真诚地

at your convenience 在你方便的时候

opportunity 机会

reward 回报

forthcoming 不远的

佳句拓展

1. I am greatly indebted to you for the trouble you have gone to on my behalf. 我非常感激您为我所做的一切。

2. I deeply appreciate your courtesy and wish to have the opportunity of reciprocating when you come to see me. 我对您的好意表示深深的感谢,希望在您来看我的时候有机会回报您。

3. I wish there were a better word than “thanks” to express my appreciation for your generous help. 我希望有个比“谢谢”更好的词来表达我对您无私帮助的感激之情。

4. I am indebted to you for your unselfish assistance rendered me during my stay in your house.非常感谢我在您家停留期间您给予我的无私帮助。

5. I shall be pleased to reciprocate your favor when the opportunity arises.当时机合适,我一定回报您的帮助。

6. Please accept my most cordial thanks for your timely help, which I will always remember.请接受我最诚挚的谢意,感谢您及时的帮助,我永远都不会忘记。

7. I take this opportunity to express to you my deeply appreciation for the kind assistance you rendered me. 我借此机会对您给予我的帮助表示深深的谢意。

8. I am writing these few lines to express my sincere thanks, not only to...but to...for the hospitality and concern shown to me. 寥寥几笔,向……和……表达我真诚的感谢,感谢你们所给予的热情接待和关心。

9. It was kind and generous of you to do this for me, and I appreciate it more than I can say. 您为我做这些真是太好了,我感激不尽。

10. Now we have arrived back home safe and sound. 我们现已安全返回家中。

考生作文

Dear Bob,

I have just arrived at my home from the airport. As I sit behind the desk, I just want to write a letter to you. I am grateful for your warm reception in this cultural exchange program. You and your family gave me a deep impression. The program is one of the most wonderful memories in my life.

In once talk you said you want to travel in China. Well, you will be welcomed and it will be my pleasure to be your guide. By the way, send me a list and write down the places where you would like to visit.

Please give my best regards to your family.

Sincerely yours,
Zhang Wei

中文译文

亲爱的鲍勃:

我刚从机场回到家里。坐在书桌旁时,我只想给你写封信。在这次文化交流项目中,非常感谢你的热情接待。你和你的家人给我留下了深刻的印象。这个项目是我一生中最美好的回忆之一。

你曾经说过你想来中国旅行。好吧,非常欢迎,而且我很乐意给你当导游。顺便说一句,给我列张单子,写下你想去的地方吧。

请向你的家人致以诚挚的祝福。

你真诚的,
张伟

作文评析

本文是2010年教育部公布的全国第一的考生作文,得9分。该文很好地完成了试题规定的任务,对目标读者产生了预期的效果。内容切题,包含了所规定的要点。所使用的语法结构比较规范,词汇比较丰富,语言自然流畅,语法错误极少。有效使用了各种衔接手段,层次清晰,组织比较严密,格式比较规范。但本文也包含个别错误,如In once talk应改为Once。

本文共三段、九句、110词。首段改写第一点提纲,共五句。首句使用了现在完成时;次句出现了时间状语从句放在句首;第三句开门见山表明写作目的:表示感谢,运用了主系表结构;第四句出现了一般过去时;尾句再次使用主系表结构。

第二段改写第二点提纲,共三句,首句出现了一般过去时;次句使用了被动语态、并列句、一般将来时、主系表结构。尾句运用了祈使句、并列谓语、定语从句。

第三段共一句,使用了祈使句。

全文依次出现了arrive at, airport, sit behind, am grateful for, warm reception, deep impression, wonderful memories, pleasure, guide, regards等精彩词汇和词组。

值得借鉴的是,由于本文是写给同事的私人书信,属于半正式文体,文中使用了两次口语表达(well, by the way)和两个祈使句(send me a list and write down the places where you would like to visit, please give my best regards to your family),符合大纲中关于文体及语域的要求。

万能框架

感谢信

Dear Mr.______,

I am writing to express my heartfelt gratitude. I am referring to that unfortunate accident the other day, when I was______.

If it had not been for your timely assistance in giving me first aid, I fear that the consequences might have been much serious. Everyone agrees that it was your quick-witted response in that emergency that has led to this satisfactory outcome.

Although nowadays people in mounting numbers talk about the need to be unselfish, we see very few people practice what they preach. If there were more people like you, this world would be a much nicer place.

Yours,
Li Ming

参考译文

尊敬的______先生:

我写信是为了表达我衷心的感谢。我指的是前几天我______的不幸事件。

如果没有您给予我及时急救的话,恐怕后果会非常严重。大家都认为正是您在那次紧急事件中机敏的反应才带来了令人满意的结果。

尽管现在越来越多的人谈论到大公无私的必要性,但是我们看到很少有人言行一致。如果有更多像您这样的人的话,世界会更加美好

您真诚的,
李明

预测练习

Directions:

After being involved in an accident, you were looked after by another person. Write a special letter to express your thanks.

You should write about 100 words.

Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use“Zhang Wei”instead.

Do not write the address.

注:预测练习题的经典范文及译文请参见《预测范文精编》,可登录本书封面上的下载地址下载。

Part B

题目分析

命题透视

2010年考研英语(二)写作B节考查了图表作文这一题型,与2009年8月25日教育部公布的大纲样题(即2007年MBA写作真题)保持一致。图表作文这一题型之前在考研写作历史上曾经考查过四次,分别是1997年考研写作的柱状与饼状图、1999年考研写作的曲线图,以及2006年MBA写作的柱状图与2007年MBA写作的表格图。2010年已是考研写作历史上第三次考查柱状图。图表作文这一题型应引起英语(二)考生的高度重视,希望考生对于曲线、表格、饼状及柱状四大图表全面复习,勿抱侥幸押题心理。

目前的考研英语(二)写作命题借鉴了近年MBA写作命题思路,2010年考查的话题再次延续了2009年MBA写作话题:手机。2009年考查了关于手机短信的情景作文,2010年则考查关于手机入网的图表作文,二者同为年轻人面对流行文化这一主题,反映了考研命题组对于社会热点问题的关注。

至于提纲形式,则传承了MBA图表作文的两点提纲。2006年MBA提纲为:描述图表并分析可能的原因;2007年MBA图表作文提纲为:描述图表并说明原因;而10年考研英语(二)提纲为:描述图表并给出你的评论。

针对两点提纲,有两种写法:第一种写法是第一点提纲写成第一段,即图表描述;第二点提纲分为两段来写:原因列举+归纳结论或建议措施。第二种写法是第一点提纲分为两段:总体描述+细节描述;第二点提纲写成第三段:归纳结论或建议措施。上述两种写法均可,建议基础一般的同学采用第一种写法,基础较好的同学采用第二种写法。只要语言精彩、结构严谨、论证充分,均可取得高分。

本文首先应描述图表,指出发达国家手机入网的数据总体保持平稳,而发展中国家的数据则急剧增加;然后具体描述数据细节:开头、结尾数据及最高、最低数据。论证部分最好分析数据变化的深层原因:发达国家趋于饱和,而发展中国家前途无量。最后可预测发展趋势或进行总结归纳。

经典范文

From the information given in the column chart, we can see a striking contrast between developing and developed countries in mobile-phone subscriptions from 2000 to 2008. During this period, there has been a dramatic increase from 0.4 to 4 billion mobile phone subscriptions in developing countries, while that of developed countries remained steady at just under 1 billion during the decade.

At least two fundamental factors could have contributed to this phenomenon. On the one hand, with the rapid increase in economic development happening in the developing countries, the telecommunication industry in those countries was bound to meet the demand of globalization. As a result, the subscriber number of mobile phone which can narrow the distance between people and link the whole world together, grew at an incredible speed. On the other hand, the extremely advanced civilization of developed countries means less potential in many aspects including in the area of private telecommunication tools and their demand for further enlargement of such tools, which tends to saturation.

In conclusion, while mobile-phones subscriptions, if used carelessly or without restraint, could prove to be a double-edged sword, the fact remains that such phones are already extremely prevalent in both developing and developed countries, and even today continues rising in popularity. Given the levels of intelligence, prudence and discretion imbued in people, I am sure that most of them would be able to sidestep the potential drawbacks of mobile phones while taking advantage of all its merits.

中文译文

根据柱状图所提供的信息,我们可以看出从2000年到2008年,发展中国家和发达国家之间在手机入网方面存在着惊人的对比。在此期间,发展中国家手机入网数量从4亿急速增长到40亿,而发达国家的相关数据则平稳地保持在10亿之下。

至少有两点主要原因造成了这种现象。一方面,随着发展中国家的经济快速增长,这些国家的电信产业必然会适应全球化的需求。因此,手机用户以惊人的速度增加,手机可以缩短人们之间的距离,并将全世界联系在一起。另一方面,发达国家极端先进的文明意味着其在私人电信工具等诸多领域更小的发展潜力,他们对进一步开发此类工具的需求趋于饱和。

总之,如果不小心或没有节制,手机入网就是一把双刃剑。尽管这样,事实上,手机入网在发展中国家和发达国家中均十分流行,这种趋势甚至今天还在继续扩大。假如人们多动脑、谨慎些、具有判断力,我确信大多数人都能克服手机入网的弊端,并且利用它的优势。

范文评析

本文共三段、八句、245词。首段是图表描述段,共两句,“总—分”结构。首句为总体描述,描述数据变化规律,使用了介词短语放在句首作状语、过去分词短语作定语、介词短语放在名词后面作定语。第二句为细节描述,使用了介词短语作时间状语、倒装句、现在完成时、并列句和一般过去时。

第二段是原因列举段,共四句,“总—分”结构。首句为主题句,承上启下进行过渡。第二至第四句进行正反论证,第二至第三句进行正面论证(因果论证):发展中国家手机入网数量快速增长,第二句给出原因,使用了介词短语放在句首作伴随状语、现在分词短语作定语、介词短语作定语;第三句说明结果,出现了定语从句、介词短语作定语、一般过去时和介词短语放在句尾作状语。第四句进行反面论证:发达国家手机入网趋于饱和,运用了介词短语作定语、介词短语作状语、并列结构。同时,本段使用了on the one hand, as a result, on the other hand等关联词,使得段落结构更严谨。

第三段是归纳结论段,共两句,“总—分”结构。首句为全文结论句,运用了时间状语从句、条件状语从句充当插入语、被动语态、并列结构、同位语从句。第二句包装结尾、展望未来,出现了过去分词短语放在句首作状语、平行排比、过去分词短语作定语、宾语从句、情态动词、时间状语从句。全文语言精彩、结构严谨、论证充分,符合阅卷组对于高分作文的要求。

精彩表达

column chart 柱状图

striking 惊人的

contrast 对比

subscription 订购

during this period 在此期间

dramatic 急剧的

increase 增长

remain 保持

steady 平稳的

decade 十年

at least 至少

fundamental 主要的

factor 原因

contribute to 促成

phenomenon 现象

on the one hand 一方面

rapid 迅速的

economy 经济

telecommunication 电信

industry 产业

globalization 全球化

as a result 因此

subscriber 用户

narrow 缩短

distance 距离

link 联系

grow 增长

incredible 难以置信的

on the other hand 另一方面

extremely 极端地

advanced 先进的

civilization 文明

mean 意味着

potential 潜力

aspect 方面

area 领域

further 进一步的

enlargement 扩大

tend to 趋于

saturation 饱和

in conclusion 总之

restraint 限制

prove to 证明

double-edged sword 双刃剑

prevalent 流行的

popularity 流行

given 考虑到

intelligence 智力

prudence 谨慎

discretion 判断力

imbue 使感染

sidestep 抵制

drawback 缺点

merit 好处

佳句拓展

1. The third and perhaps biggest draw of e-shopping is that it allows students to find the cheapest possible price at the click of a button. 第三个也可能是最诱人之处在于,网购使学生们通过点击按钮就能找到最便宜的售价。

2. Since the 1990s, however, young people in mounting numbers have turned to the net to acquire a range of student essentials from reference book and writing utensils to clothing and electronics. 然而自从20世纪90年代开始,越来越多的年轻人开始转向在网上购买一定品种的学生必需品——从参考书、文具到衣服、电子产品。

3. If taken to an extreme, online shopping may cause shy or reserved students to live even more reclusive lifestyles, to the detriment of both their social and physical well-being. 更极端的是,网上购物可能会让害羞或矜持的学生以更加封闭的方式生活,这对他们的人际交往与身心健康都有害处。

4. Covering all kinds of topics from daily life to political forums, from individual thoughts to world events, MicroBlog offers readers anything they might be interested in. 微博包括各种话题,从日常生活到政治论坛,从个人思想到世界大事,给读者提供了任何他们可能感兴趣的事情。

5. Anyone can create his or her own MicroBlog as he or she wishes, since it has no fixed rules and requires little professional knowledge or skills, which enables millions of people to have a voice and connect with others. 任何人都能开设他或她自己想要的微博,由于微博没有固定的规则,而且几乎不需要专业知识或技能,这使数百万人可以表达自己的想法并与他人联系。

6. People use MicroBlog and WeChat to reveal their inner voice, or collect and share thoughts and things they find interesting. 人们使用微博和微信来表达自己的想法,或者收集和分享他们自己感兴趣的思想或事情。

7. On the one hand, there is no denying that Internet is currently one of the most efficient media used for interpersonal communication. 一方面,不可否认网络是目前用于人际交流的最高效的媒介之一。

8. As a college student, I get on line every day to discuss news with other people on BBS, to study English by registering for web courses, to chat freely through MSN Messenger with my friends. 作为一名大学生,我每天上网与其他人在网站论坛上讨论新闻,通过注册网络课程来学习英语,借助MSN和我的朋友们免费聊天。

9. But on the other hand, a good many people admit that they are too much addicted to Internet to maintain face-to-face contact with their friends and colleagues. 但另一方面,很多人承认他们太沉迷于网络而不愿与朋友和同事保持面对面接触。

10. With a computer and web access, today’s youth can play games, read the news, watch videos and go shopping—all without leaving their keyboard. 只要有电脑和网络,今天的年轻人不用键盘就能玩游戏、浏览新闻、看视频和购物。

考生作文

As is shown in the chart, mobile phone subscriptions grow rapidly from 2000 to 2008. We can also find out that developing countries are the driving force for such a rapid growth. According to the chart, mobile-phone subscription number increased to 8 times from 2000 to 2008, that is from around 0.5 billion to 4 billion, while that of developed countries only increased twice from around 0.5 billion to 1 billion.

I think there are two main reasons for such a great contrast. First of all, developing countries have much larger population than developed countries. For example, China and India nearly have half of the total population of the world. China has the most mobile-phone users right now, which increased greatly from 2000 to 2008. It is the same in India and other developing countries. Secondly, developing countries have been enjoying strong economic growth in recent years. As a result, people in most developing countries are richer and richer, especially in China. So they can afford to buy such necessities, including mobile-phone, as the prices continued to drop greatly in the past years.

Thus, we can conclude that as economy grows strongly in developing countries, people in these countries can buy more products.

中文译文

如图表所示,从2000年到2008年,手机入网数量急剧增长。我们也能看出发展中国家是这种急剧增长的驱动力。根据图表内容,从2000年到2008年,手机入网数据增长了八倍,从大约五亿增长到四十亿,而发达国家的手机入网数据只增长了两倍,从大约五亿增长到十亿。

我认为两个主要的原因造成了这种巨大的差距。首先,发展中国家比发达国家拥有更庞大的人口数量。例如,中国和印度几乎拥有世界总人口的一半。中国手机用户数量从2000年到2008年急剧增长,目前拥有最多的手机用户。印度和其他发展中国家也是如此。其次,发展中国家近年来经历了强劲的经济增长。因此,大多数发展中国家的人越来越富裕,尤其在中国。由于在过去几年中价格持续大幅下跌,他们可以买得起包括手机在内的这些必需品。

因此,我们可以得出结论:随着发展中国家经济强劲增长,这些国家的人们会购买更多的产品。

作文评析

本文是2010年教育部公布的全国第一的考生作文,得14分(满分15分)。该文很好地完成了试题规定的任务,内容完整。在图表内容描述方面,考生并不仅仅局限于数字本身,而且注意挖掘这些数字背后的规律,是对图表具体数字的总结与升华。在评论方面,内容也比较全面、中肯。本文总体结构完整,语言比较流畅,措辞准确,用词和句型有变化,无重大语法错误。另外,本文也有效使用了各种衔接手段,内容连贯,前后照应,层次分明,易于理解。字数符合要求。但本文个别地方表达不明确,如while subscription number only increased from around 0.5 billion to 1 billion,其主语应当是developed countries。

本文共三段、十二句、202词。首段共三句,是“总—分”结构。首句是主题句,对图表进行总体描述,出现了定语从句放在句首、被动语态、介词短语作时间状语。第二、三两句进行细节描述,第二句点出图表中数据变化最大的主体:发展中国家,使用了宾语从句、主系表结构。尾句分别描述发展中国家和发达国家的具体数据。全段先后出现了grow, rapidly, driving force, growth, according to, around, twice等精彩表达。

第二段为原因列举段,共八句,是“总—分”结构。第一句是总论,运用了宾语从句、倒装句。第二至八句提出两点原因:人口与经济。第二至五句阐述第一点原因,是“总—分”结构。其中,第二句是主题句,出现了比较状语;第三至五句进行举例论证,分别举了中国和印度两大发展中国家的例子。第四句使用了非限制性定语从句;第五句运用了物称代词作主语和主系表结构。第六至八句阐述第二点原因,是“总—分”结构。该段依次出现了contrast, much larger, population, enjoy strong economic growth, as a result, especially, afford to, necessity, continue to, drop等精彩语言。

第三段是归纳结论段,共一句,使用了宾语从句、原因状语从句、介词短语放在名词后面作定语。该段先后出现了thus, conclude, products等精彩词汇。

万能框架

经济类

The chart above demonstrates clearly that some changes have taken place in terms of the______. Based upon the data of the chart, one can see that______has been on a rise, while______has witnessed a decline. In the year of______, the data/percentage of______was nearly______, while within no more than______year/years, it went up to nearly______. The statistics/percentage of______was______in______, while it went down to______in_____.

It’s no difficulty for us to come up with some possible factors to account for this trend. At the top of the list, with the rapid development of our economy and society, more and more people prefer______to______. It’s reported that, approximately______of families in Chinese big cities are fond of______. In addition, we must admit that the government appeals to us to______. Last but not the least, the fact cannot be ignored that,______are increasingly qualified.

Taking into account what has been argued, we can come to the conclusion that this established trend is positive/negative and therefore acceptable/unacceptable. And I am firmly certain that this trend will continue/change in the years to come.

参考译文

上述图表清晰显示了在______方面已经发生了一些变化。根据图表中的数据,我们可以看到______持续上升,而______持续下降。在______年,_____的数据/百分比接近______,而在不到______年的时间内,这一数据/百分比上升到了接近______。而______的数据/百分比在______年______,而在______年下降到______。

我们不难发现导致这种趋势的一些可能的原因。首先,随着我们经济和社会的迅速发展,比起______来,越来越多的人更喜欢______。据报道,大约______的中国大城市家庭喜欢______。此外,我们必须承认政府呼吁我们______,最后但也同样重要的是,______的质量越来越好是不容忽视的事实。

考虑到上述讨论的内容,我们能够得出结论:这一明确的趋势是积极/消极的,因此可以接受/无法接受。我坚信这一趋势在未来几年将继续/得到改善。

预测练习

Directions:

Write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should

1) interpret the chart, and

2) give your comments.

You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET.

注:预测练习题的经典范文及译文请参见《预测范文精编》,可登录本书封面上的下载地址下载。 29NZQU1M2wYJF0smbGSPW7XLOWl7l4hMIdBtwjq1FmFr5vNbodiUt0glkdfBzAyU

点击中间区域
呼出菜单
上一章
目录
下一章
×