由“动词 + 介词”构成的短语动词:
由“动词 + 介词”构成的短语动词非常之多,常见的如:
Greasy food doesn’t agree with me. 我不适合吃油腻的食物。
Where did you come across the book? 这书你在哪里找到的?
Can we count on you to support us? 我们能指望你支持我们吗?
I ’m dying for a cup of coffee. 我很想喝一杯咖啡。
Then I hit on an idea. 这时我想起一个主意。
由“动词 + 副词 + 介词”构成的短语动词:
Finally they did away with the bad law. 最后他们废除了这条不好的法律。
Let’s get down to business (the problem). 咱们开始干起来(处理这个问题)。
She goes in for badminton and tennis. 她爱好打羽毛球和网球。
The weeks passed. Martin ran out of money. 一星期一星期地过去,马丁的钱用完了。
英语中除了短语动词,还有大量短语由介词构成,仅以下面几个介词来看由它们引导的许多短语:
at:
at a stretch 一连
at all costs 不惜一切代价
at a time 一次
at any rate 不管怎样
at ease 稍息
at first sight乍一看,一见
at home 在家,随便
at last 最后
at liberty 自由,有权(做某事)
at most 至多
at one blow (stroke)一下子
at one’s wit’s end 计穷,没有办法了
at play (work)在玩(工作)
at random 随意地,胡乱地
at the risk of 冒……的危险
at the top of one’s voice 高声地
at will 任意地
at first最初,开始时
at hand 不远,快到
at large 逍遥法外,未被关注
at least 至少
at the moment 此刻
at once 立即,同时
at one’s fingertips非常熟悉
at peace (war)处于和平状态(在交战)
at present 现在,目前
at the earliest (latest)至早(迟)
at the same time(与此)同时
at times 有时候
by:
by bus (plane, etc. )坐公共汽车(飞机等)
by air 航空,乘飞机
by any chance 碰巧,恰好
by chance 偶然
by day (night)白天(夜间)
by far 最最(修饰最高级)
by leaps and bounds 飞跃地
by mistake 错误地
by post 邮(寄)
by the way 顺便说
by accident 偶然
by all means 想一切办法
by birth 出身……
by cheque (credit card)用支票(信用卡)
by daylight 在大白天
by force 靠武力
by means of 借助
by no means 绝不,一点也不
by surprise 突然……
by turns 轮流
in:
in a nutshell 概括地说,总之
in a sense 从某个意义上说
in addition (to)此外(除……之外)
in all 总共
in brief 简言之
in case of 在……情况下
in conclusion 最后,总之
in depth 深入地
in detail 详细地
in fact 实际上
in a row 成一长行,一排
in accordance with 按照,根据
in advance 事前
in any case (event)不管怎样
in case 要是,如果
in comparison 比较起来
in danger 处于危险之中
in debt 负债
in doubt(对……)有怀疑
in full 全部地,全文地
in general 一般说来
in love 在恋爱
in one’s opinion 在(某人)看来
in order to (that)以便……,为了
in part(s)部分地
in practice 实际上
in regard to 关于
in short 总之
in terms of 就……来说
in the course of 在……过程中
in the daytime 在白天
in the event of 如果发生(某种情况)
in the least 一点(也不)
in the main 一般说来
in the middle of 在……中间
in vain 白白地,没有结果
in ink (pencil)用钢笔(铅笔)写的
in no time 很快(就)
in order (disorder)井井有条(乱)
in other words 换句话说
in person 亲自
in public (private)公开地(私下地)
in return 回过来,作为报答
in spite of 尽管
in that 在……方面,因为
in the dark 蒙在鼓里,不了解情况
in the end 最后
in (the) face of 在……面前
in the long run 从长远来说
in the meantime 与此同时,在此期间
in time 及时地 in turn 轮流
on:
on account of 由于
on behalf of 代表(某人)
on business 出差,办事
on credit 赊购
on duty 值班
on foot 步行(去)
on holiday 在休假
on one’s own 独立地
on sale 在出售
on the contrary 相反
on the point of 正要
on the way 在路上
on top of 在……上面
on average 平均
on board 在船上
on condition 在……条件下
on display 展出
on fire 着火了
on guard 有警惕
on no account 绝不
on purpose 故意地
on strike 在罢工
on the phone 在接(打)电话
on the spot 就地
on time 准时
on trial 正在受审
out of:
out of control 无法控制
out of date 过时
out of fashion 不时兴,过时
out of order 坏了
out of danger 脱险
out of doors 在户外
out of one’s mind 不去想(某事),发疯
out of pain 没有疼痛
out of patience 失去耐心
out of temper 发脾气
out of the ordinary 不同寻常
out of work 失业
out of sight 看不见了
out of the question 不可能
out of use 不再使用
还有许多短语介词夹在名词之间,如:
day after day 日复一日地
one after another 一个接一个地
little by little 一点一点地
step by step 一步一步地
arm in arm 手挽手地
day to day 日常的
heart-to-heart 互相交心的
the day after tomorrow 后天
year after year 年复一年地
one by one 一个接一个地
side by side 并肩
face to face 面对面
hand in hand 手牵手地
day by day 一天一天地
the day before yesterday 前天
还有一些短语包含两个介词,如:
from beginning to end 从头到尾
from bad to worse 越来越糟
from time to time 不时地
from head to foot 从头到脚,浑身
from morning to night 从早到晚
from door to door 挨门挨户地
from place to place 到各地
from cover to cover(书)从头到尾
from generation to generation 一代一代地
from top to bottom 整个地,彻底地
from hand to mouth 勉强糊口
from start to finish从头到尾,自始至终
还有一些“ be + 形容词 + 介词”构成的短语,如:
be fond of 喜欢
be interested in 对……有兴趣
be confident in对……有信心
be sick of 厌恶
be good at 善于
be afraid of 害怕
be jealous of 妒忌
be amazed at 对……感到惊讶
be ashamed of 为……感到羞愧
be full of 充满
be keen on 热衷于
be short of 缺乏
be proud of 对……感到骄傲
be delighted with 对……很高兴
be absent from 未出席
be aware of 意识到
be busy with 忙于(某事)
be careless of 对……不在意
be different from 和……不同
be married to 和……结婚
be worried about 为……担心
be allergic to 对……敏感
be careful of 当心
be curious about 对……好奇
be famous for 因……而出名
be satisfied with对……感到满意
be capable of 能做某事
be intent on 专心致志于