购买
下载掌阅APP,畅读海量书库
立即打开
畅读海量书库
扫码下载掌阅APP

四、指示代词

1. 指示代词的基本用法

指示代词主要有以下四个: this (这)、 these (这些)、 that (那)、 those (那些)。

指示代词在句中可以用作:

(1)主语:

What’s this (that) ?这(那)是什么?

That ’s yours. 那是你的。

Are these what you want? 这些是你要的吗?

Those are easy questions to answer. 那些问题好回答。

在电话上或在介绍人时 this that 可以指人:

Who is this ? (在电话上)你是谁?

Was that Helen on the phone? 是海伦打电话来吗?

This is Mary. 这位是玛丽。

2 )宾语:

How can we do this properly? 我们怎么能把这干好?

You’ll have to pay for that . 你将为此付出代价。

Without these we can’t possibly succeed. 没有这些我们不可能成功。

Better take those with you. 最好把那些带着。

3 )表语:

My idea is this . 我的想法是这样的。

The winning numbers are these …中奖号码是……

2. 指示代词作定语的用法

(1)指示代词还可用作定语。这样用时,有的语法学家称为限定词,也有人称为指示形容词:

This house is ours. 这座房子是我们的。

I distrust that man. 我不信赖那个人。

What shall I do with these flowers?这些花怎么办?

If those clouds drift away, we’ll have a fine afternoon.如果那些乌云飘走,下午就会天晴。

这种结构可以和“ of + 物主代词”连用:

This girl of mine wrote to say that she was coming from Paris. 我的这个姑娘给我写信说要从巴黎来。

I like these books of yours. 我喜欢你的这些书。

2 that those 的特别用法

that 可代表前面提到的单数可数名词或不可数名词,以避免重复;还可 代表前句所说的情况:

My seat is next to that (= the seat)of the mayor. 我的座位在市长座位旁边。

The potato crop in 1984 was inferior to that (= the potato crop)of 1982.

1984 年的土豆收成比 1982 年差。

We see him when he comes to town, but that isn’t often. 他进城时我们就见到他,不过他不常进城。(代表前句所说的情况)

those 可代表前面的复数名词,以避免重复:

His views are close to those (= the views)of the Socialist Party. 他的观点接近社会党的观点。

that 还可用于某些短语:

that is 这就是说:

John is a New Yorker; that is , he lives in New York. 约翰是纽约人,这就是说,他住在纽约。

that’s all 就这些,如此而已:

“How are you feeling?”“Fine, A little tired, that’s all .”“你感觉怎样?”“挺好,只是有点累,如此而已。”

That’s all for today. 今天就讲这些。

that’s it 你说对了:

That’s it . You’ve described exactly what I felt about the film 你说对了,你正好说出了我对这部影片的感受。

that’s that 情况就是这样:

I won’t marry Peter, and that’s that . 我不会嫁给彼得,情况就是这样。

that’s to say 这就是说:

Rupert and Archie lived together. That is to say , Archie lived in Rupert’s room. 鲁帕特和阿基住在一起,这就是说阿基住在鲁帕特的房间里。 A+5R1ZwqkxXY+mi5Toz3Qp01XQXJvtRmfyCXzpMjUbAOvyuiBh8bAvYl1GD+C29G

点击中间区域
呼出菜单
上一章
目录
下一章
×