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38 It is primarily through our identification with social groups that we define ourselve

It is primarily through our identification with social groups that we define ourselves.

Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position.

文勇五问:

(1)常见的社会群体有哪些?你能具体地罗列一下吗?例如:家庭、社区、公司、协会等。

(2)每一个人都只能属于某一个特定的社会群体吗?是否有可能出现这样的情况:一个人同时拥有多重社会身份,同时属于多个不同的社会群体?例如:一个人在家庭中,他可以是父亲,也是儿子;在公司里,他可能是领导,也可能是下级。

(3)为什么我们会倾向于跟与自己同属一个社会群体的人交流或生活?例如:类似的成长背景、生活圈子以及相同的兴趣爱好会使大家更容易相处。这样有什么好处吗?有什么坏处吗?例如:大家有共同语言、更和谐;但可能会使自己的思想产生局限性,不利于更广泛的信息交流。

(4)你认为我们对自己的判定是基于他人的理解还是自己的理解?哪个角度更加重要?他人的理解和自己的理解分别有什么长处和不足?例如:他人能从一个客观的角度进行分析,但可能并不了解我们的方方面面;自己的判断能更全面地考虑到自己的情况,但有时候可能主观性较强。又或者说,我们对自己的判定是两方面相互作用的结果?

(5)就个人而言,你是通过自己所在的社会群体来确认自己的社会身份的吗?能具体地描述一下吗?

翻译练习:

在我们的一生中,我们可能经常因为在不同阶段需求的变化而离开一个群体加入另一个群体。但是我们的需求不能决定我们是谁。这意味着我们的身份认同不会随着我们从一个群体转移到另一个群体而不断改变。一个物理学家会希望其他人提及他时称他为物理学家,即便他可能暂时加入了一个探险家的群体。

参考答案:

During our lifetime, we may frequently depart from one group for the other one due to our changing needs during different phases. Yet our needs don’t determine who we are. This means that our sense of identify doesn’t keep changing as we shift from group to group. A physicist would like other people to mention him as a physicist even though he may temporarily join a group with many other adventurers.

翻译练习:

在19世纪后半期,很多维多利亚时代的女性摆脱了强加给她们的社会束缚,开始在没有男性陪同(unescorted)的情况下到各地旅行。虽然她们通过行动表达了自己作为拥有更多自由和权利的“新女性”的快乐,但是并非所有人都愿意如此定义自己。

参考答案:

In the second half of the nineteenth century, many Victorian women broke away from the social restrictions imposed on them then and began to travel to various places unescorted by any man. Although they expressed through their actions the joy of being a “new woman” with more freedom and rights than before, not all of them were willing to define themselves as such.

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