摘要

《中国支付清算发展报告（2017）》是国家金融与发展实验室支付清算研究中心（中国社会科学院金融研究所支付清算研究中心）推出的系列年度报告的第五本。报告旨在系统分析国内外支付清算行业与市场的发展状况，充分把握国内外支付清算领域的制度、规则和政策演进，深入发掘支付清算相关变量与宏观经济、金融及政策变量之间的内在关联，动态跟踪国内外支付清算研究的理论前沿。报告将致力于为支付清算行业监管部门、自律组织及其他经济主管部门提供重要的决策参考，为支付清算组织和金融机构的相关决策提供基础材料，为支付清算领域的研究者提供文献素材。自2013年出版第一本报告之后，连续四本都引起了政策层、实务界和理论界的高度重视与社会的广泛关注。

目前，我们需要跳出支付本身，从更高层面来理顺支付清算体系的研究思路，包括基于金融市场基础设施的认识视角、基于国家支付体系的认识视角、基于支付清算中心化与去中心化的认识视角。应该说，与之在经济金融运行和学术研究中的地位不断提升相称，支付清算体系已得到了国家层面的高度重视。在技术和制度变革成为现代金融市场基础设施两大驱动力的前提下，我们亟须深入认识过去、把握现在、展望未来，努力使得支付清算体系更好地服务于国家治理体系建设与核心竞争力优化、金融的高效与安全运行、社会公众的福利改善，并助力普惠金融。我们希望《中国支付清算发展报告》的连续出版，能够成为上述努力的一部分。

本报告由总报告和专题报告两部分构成。总报告全面分析了我国支付清算体系的发展历程、现状特点、存在问题及发展趋势，并且运用量化分析工具考察了支付清算体系运行与宏观经济变量、区域经济与金融发展、金融稳定与金融风险、货币政策的内在关联等；专题报告跟踪分析了国内外支付清算体系的发展状况、热点与难点，系统梳理了近年来以支付经济学为主线的学术文献，组织翻译了美联储发布的“美联储支付研究报告（2016）”。我们期待《中国支付清算发展报告》能够成为一个重要平台，用来促进我们与各界同人加强交流与合作，共同为中国支付清算体系的创新与发展做出贡献。

Abstract

China Payment and Settlement System Development Report(2017) , as the annual report of Research Center of Payment & Settlement, aims to summarize and reflect the various aspects of China’s payment and settlement system and their implication for real economy. It tries to cover the reform and evolution of institutions, rules, and policies on payment and settlement system over the world and track the theoretical frontiers in this area. With ample data and detailed analysis, the report tries to provide reliable and useful references for financial institutes, academic researchers, and regulatory authority. Since its first publication in 2013, the three issues of the annual report have attracted general and intense attention of academics, market professionals, and policy makers.

For the understanding of modern payment system, three perspectives from an advanced standpoint are needed：the one based on financial market infrastructure; the one based on national payment system; and the one based on decentralization of payment. With its rising role in economic and financial operation and academic research, the payment system has got highly emphasis from our central government. As technology and institution evolution has become the two driving factors for modern financial market infrastructure, it’s imperative that we achieve a deep understanding of the development of payment system based on its history and ensure its efficient and safe operation to promote the social welfare. We hope China Payment and Settlement System Development Report can be a part of the effort.

The report consists of two parts：general reports and special topics. The general report presents a panorama of China’s payment and settlement system, including its evolution path, current status, existed problems, and future trends and explores the relationship between payment system indexes with macroeconomic variables, regional development, financial risk, and monetary policy with quantitative methods. Special topics cover the practice of payment and settlement system in foreign countries and provide a selective survey of hot issues in this area, including a translation of The Federal Reserve Payments Study 2016 . We expect this report to become a platform for the communication between Research Center of Payment & Settlement and all the peoples and institutes interested in this significant area to contribute to the development of China's payment and settlement system.