Passage 2 （2016 全国 I A）

You probably know who Marie curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel carson.Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?

Jane addams （1860—1935）

anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane addams to thank.Addams helped the poor and worked for peace.She encouraged a sense of community （社区）by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931, addams became the first american woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.

Rachel carson （1907—1964）

If it weren't for Rachel carson, the environmental movement might not exist today.Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world's lakes and oceans.

Sandra day O'connor （1930—present）

When Sandra day O'connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman.She became an arizona state senator （参议员）and, in 1981, the first woman to join the U.S.Supreme court.O'connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.

Rosa Parks （1913—2005）

On december 1,1955, in Montgomery, alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger.Her simple act landed Parks in prison.but it also set off the Montgmery bus boycott.It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement.“The only tired I was, was tired of giving in,”said Parks.

1.What is Jane addams noted for in history?

A. Her social work.

B. Her lack of proper training in law.

C. Her efforts to win a prize.

D. Her community background.

2.What is the reason for O'connor's being rejected by the law firm?

A. Her lack of proper training in law.

B. Her little work experience in court.

C. The discrimination against women.

D. The poor financial conditions.

3.Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the U.S.?

A. Jane addams.

B. Rachel carson.

C. Sandra day O'connor.

D. Rosa Parks.

4.What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?

A. They are highly educated.

B. They are truly creative.

C. They are pioneers.

D. They are peace-lovers.

【重点词汇】

encourage v.鼓励

community n.社区

promote v.促进，提升

raise v.提高；筹集；升起

awareness n.意识，认识；明白，知道

land v.使……陷于

boycott n.联合抵制，拒绝参加

kick off 开始；开球

reject v.拒绝

discrimination n.歧视

financial condition 经济条件

【疑难长句】

1.Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane addams to thank.

who引导的定语从句who has ever been helped by a social worker 做anyone的后置定语。整句话的主语是anyone，谓语是has。

（参考译文） 被社会工作者帮助过的人都应该感谢Jane addams。

2.Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world's lakes and oceans.

第一个and引导的是并列结构，即…raise awareness of the dangers of pollution和 （raise awareness of） the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world's lakes and oceans。

（参考译文） 她1962年出版的畅销书籍《沉默的春天》提高了人们对于污染的危害的意识以及化学物质对人类、世界的湖泊和海洋有危害作用的意识。 OBFrc44tyI9hSExGQdDnatSHje1m4l85jPVRQacuN9Pj2k5JUmoE4FYS7FzJjIzo