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I. Word Lists
abundance noun large amount
advocate verb to ask for
allied adjective friends
ancestor noun someone who was your family member before you were born
assimilate verb to join together with
attribute verb said to have done something
blemished adjective not perfect
boom verb to grow very fast
circumnavigate verb to travel around
colonies noun territory owned by the government of a foreign country
colonize verb to take land in a foreign country
comprise verb made up
convict noun a person who has broken the law and is in jail
creation noun the beginning of something (the world)
debate verb people with different opinions talking
defeat noun loss
defence noun safety
demand noun want
descendent noun someone who is your family member after you are born
discipline verb train someone to do as you say
discriminate verb dislike someone because they are different to you
endured noun continued
ensuing adjective happening immediately
exclude verb to keep out
expose verb to show
foundation noun the first or the botto
generation noun the time between your birth and the birth of your children
harmoniously adjective happily without problems
indigenous adjective native, the first
indignity noun something that makes someone feel bad
influx noun a flow
invasion noun take over by using large numbers or by fighting
negotiate verb to bargain with
oral adjective spoken
outskirts adjective at the edges of a place
penal colony noun place where bad people are sent to live together
perish verb to die
portray verb the way something is written, drawn or said to be
punishment noun someone bad is made to do something they don't like or has something taken away from them
racist noun someone who does not like people from other nationalities
reflect verb look back at
resentment noun feel angry about what has happened
reserves noun land where only certain groups are made to live
resistance noun try to stop something
rivalry noun friendly fighting
sentiment noun feelings
starvation noun die because of hunger
successive adjective one after another
termite noun an insect like an ant that eats wood
tradition noun the way things are always done
uncivilized adjective like an animal
welfare noun money given by the government to poor citizens
wipe out verb none left
II. Comprehension Questions — Use your new vocabulary to fill in the gaps with the correct word.
E.G. Mungo Man's __________________________ cannot be traced back to Africa.
descendants/ancestors/colonies answer = ancestors
1. Aborigines are ________________________ Australians.
( indigenous/urbanized/allied )
2. The British began to ________________________ Australia in 1778.
( discipline/wipe out/colonize )
3. There was an _________________________ of food on land.
( endured/abundance/exposed )
4. Aboriginal society is _____________________ rather than written.
( oral/welfare/uncivilized )
5. Aboriginal people are able to live _______________________________ with nature.
( excluded/harmoniously/successively )
6. Aborigines had no __________________________ to European illnesses.
( resistance/tradition/sentiment )
7. Half the indigenous population of Sydney was _______________________ from smallpox.
( portrayed/ boomed/wiped out )
8. Poor people often live on the ___________________________ of towns and cities.
( punishment/outskirts/urbanized )
9. Black people have often been ___________________________________ against in Australia.
( punished/discriminated/circumnavigated )
10. When Aborigines __________________________ for land rights, they won.
( advocated/resisted/comprised )
11. White Australians __________________________ suffering on black Australians.
( demanded/inflicted/resente )
12. The First Fleet carried 778 _____________________.
( penal/convicts/termites )
13. Prison guards ____________________________ people living in penal colonies.
( disciplined/created/discriminated )
14. The First Fleet was _________________________ of sailors, prisoners,guards and free settlers.
( comprised/advocated/oral )
15. The ___________________ of gold diggers improved the convict colonies.
( welfare/blemish/influx )
16. The Australian economy _________________________ before the drought of 1890.
( exposed/boomed/assimilated )
17. Australians felt __________________________ when foreigners took away their jobs.
( resentment/exposed/endured )
18. Non - Europeans were mostly ______________________ from immigrating to Australia.
( reserves/excluded/tradition )
19. The Royal Australian Navy was used as local ______________________.
( welfare/defence/foundation )
20. The ANZACs were ____________________________ at Gallipoli.
( defeated/generations/successive )
21. After the war, Australians thought they would ____________________ without immigrants.
( starve/perish/demand )
22. Australians _____________________________ on how their history was portrayed during the bi - centennial.
( reflected/demanded/negotiate )
23. Sometimes British colonisation is seen as an _____________________.
( allied/attribute/invasion )
24. Mary McKillop set up _______________________ institutions to help the poor.
( penal/welfare/punishment )
III. Answers to Comprehension Questions
1. indigenous
2. colonize
3. abundance
4. oral
5. harmoniously
6. resistance
7. wiped out
8. outskirts
9. discriminated
10. advocated
11. inflicte
12. convicts
13. disciplined
14. comprised
15. influ
16. boomed
17. resentment
18. excluded
19. defence
20. defeated
21. perish
22. reflecte
23. invasion
24. welfare