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2014年6月全国大学英语四级考试真题
Part I Writing(30 minutes)
Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following topic.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your hometown.What is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
Part II Listening Comprehension(30 minutes)
Section A
Directions:In this section,you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations.At the end of each conversation,one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After each question there will be a pause.During the pause,you must read the four choices marked A),B),C)and D),and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
1. A)See a doctor about her strained shoulder.
B)Use a ladder to help her reach the tea.
C)Replace the cupboard with a new one.
D)Place the tea on a lower shelf next time.
2. A)At Mary Johnson's.C)In an exhibition hall.
B)At a painter's studio.D)Outside an art gallery.
3. A)The teacher evaluated lacks teaching experience.
B)She does not quite agree with what the man said.
C)The man had better talk with the students himself.
D)New students usually cannot offer a fair evaluation.
4. A)He helped Doris build up the furniture.
B)Doris helped him arrange the furniture.
C)Doris fixed up some of the bookshelves.
D)He was good at assembling bookshelves.
5. A)He doesn't get on with the others.C)He has been taken for a fool.
B)He doesn't feel at ease in the firm.D)He has found a better position.
6. A)They should finish the work as soon as possible.
B)He will continue to work in the garden himself.
C)He is tired of doing gardening on weekends.
D)They can hire a gardener to do the work.
7. A)The man has to get rid of the used furniture.
B)The man's apartment is ready for rent.
C)The furniture is covered with lots of dust.
D)The furniture the man bought is inexpensive.
8. A)The man will give the mechanic a call.
B)The woman is waiting for a call.
C)The woman is doing some repairs.
D)The man knows the mechanic very well.
Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
9. A)She had a job interview to attend.
B)She was busy finishing her project.
C)She had to attend an important meeting.
D)She was in the middle of writing an essay.
10. A)Accompany her roommate to the classroom.
B)Hand in her roommate's application form.
C)Submit her roommate's assignment.
D)Help her roommate with her report.
11. A)Where Dr.Ellis's office is located.C)Directions to the classroom building.
B)When Dr.Ellis leaves his office.D)Dr.Ellis's schedule for the afternoon.
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
12. A)He finds it rather stressful.C)He can handle it quite well.
B)He is thinking of quitting it.D)He has to work extra hours.
13. A)The 6:00 one.C)The 7:00 one.
B)The 6:30 one.D)The 7:30 one.
14. A)It is an awful waste of time.
B)He finds it rather unbearable.
C)The time on the train is enjoyable.
D)It is something difficult to get used to.
15. A)Reading newspapers.C)Listening to the daily news.
B)Chatting with friends.D)Planning the day's work.
Section B
Directions:In this section,you will hear 3 short passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear some questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
Passage One
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
16. A)Ignore small details while reading.
B)Read at least several chapters at one sitting.
C)Develop a habit of reading critically.
D)Get key information by reading just once or twice.
17. A)Choose one's own system of marking.
B)Underline the key words and phrases.
C)Make as few marks as possible.
D)Highlight details in a red color.
18. A)By reading the textbooks carefully again.
B)By reviewing only the marked parts.
C)By focusing on the notes in the margins.
D)By comparing notes with their classmates.
Passage Two
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
19. A)The sleep a person needs varies from day to day.
B)The amount of sleep for each person is similar.
C)One can get by with a couple of hours of sleep.
D)Everybody needs some sleep for survival.
20. A)It is a made-up story.C)It is a rare exception.
B)It is beyond cure.D)It is due to an accident.
21. A)His extraordinary physical condition.
B)His mother's injury just before his birth.
C)The unique surroundings of his living place.
D)The rest he got from sitting in a rocking chair.
Passage Three
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
22. A)She invested in stocks and shares on Wall Street.
B)She learned to write for financial newspapers.
C)She developed a strong interest in finance.
D)She tenderly looked after her sick mother.
23. A)She made a wise investment in real estate.
B)She sold the restaurant with a substantial profit.
C)She got 1.5 million dollars from her ex-husband.
D)She inherited a big fortune from her father.
24. A)She was extremely mean with her money.
B)She was dishonest in business dealings.
C)She frequently ill-treated her employees.
D)She abused animals including her pet dog.
25. A)She made a big fortune from wise investment.
B)She built a hospital with her mother's money.
C)She made huge donations to charities.
D)She carried on her family's tradition.
Section C
Direction:In the section,you will hear a passage three times.When the passage is read for the first time,you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time,you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard.Finally,when the passage is read for the third time,you should check what you have written.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
Among the kinds of social gestures most significant for second-language teachers are those which are(26)__________in form but different in meaning in the two cultures.For example,a Colombian who wants someone to(27)__________him often signals with a hand movement in which all the fingers of one hand,cupped,point downward as they move rapidly(28)__________.Speakers or English have a similar gesture through the hand may not be cupped and the fingers may be held more loosely,but for them the gesture means goodbye or go away,quite the(29)__________of the Colombian gesture.Again,in Colombian,a speaker of English would have to know that when he(30)__________height he most choose between different gestures depending on whether he is(31)__________a human being or an animal.If he keeps the palm of the hand(32)__________the floor,as he would in his own culture when making known the height of a child,for example,he will very likely be greeted by laughter,in Colombia this gesture is(33)__________for the description of animals.In order to describe human beings he should keep the palm of his hand(34)__________to the floor.Substitutions of one gesture for the other often create not only humorous but also(35)__________moment.In both of the examples above,speakers from two different cultures have the same gesture,physically,but its meaning differs sharply.
Part III Reading Comprehension(40 minutes)
Section A
Directions:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.
Global warming is a trend toward warmer conditions around the world.Part of the warming is natural；we have experienced a 20，000-year-long warming as the last ice age ended and the ice 36 away.However，we have already reached temperatures that are in 37 with other minimum-ice periods，so continued warming is likely not natural.We are 38 to a predicted worldwide increase in temperatures 39 between 1℃and 6℃over the next 100 years.The warming will be more 40 in some areas，less in others，and some places may even cool off.Likewise，the 41 of this warming will be very different depending on where you are—coastal areas must worry about rising sea levels，while Siberia and northern Canada may become more habitable（宜居的）and 42 for humans than these areas are now.
The fact remains，however，that it will likely get warmer，on 43，everywhere.Scientists are in general agreement that the warmer conditions we have been experiencing are at least in part the result of a human-induced global warming trend.Some scientists 44 that the changes we are seeing fall within the range of random（无规律的）variation—some years are cold，others warm，and we have just had an unremarkable string of warm years 45—but that is becoming an increasingly rare interpretation in the face of continued and increasing warm conditions.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
Section B
Directions:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
The End of the Book?
[A]Amazon,by far the largest bookseller in the country,reported on May 19 that it is now selling more books in its electronic Kindle format than in the old paper-and-ink format.That is remarkable,considering that the Kindle has only been around for four years.E-books now account for 14 percent of all book sales in the country and are increasing far faster than overall book sales.E-book sales are up 146 percent over last year,while hardback sales increased 6 percent and paperbacks decreased 8 percent.
[B]Does this spell the doom of the physical book?Certainly not immediately,and perhaps not at all.What it does mean is that the book business will go through a transformation in the next decade or so more profound than any it has seen since Gutenberg introduced printing from moveable type in the 1450s.
[C]Physical books will surely become much rarer in the marketplace.Mass market paperbacks,which have been declining for years anyway,will probably disappear,as will hardbacks for mysteries,thrillers,"romance fiction,"etc.Such books,which only rarely end up in permanent collections,either private or public,will probably only be available as e-books within a few years.Hardback and trade paperbacks for"serious"nonfiction and fiction will surely last longer.Perhaps it will become the mark of an author to reckon with that he or she is still published in hard copy.
[D]As for children's books,who knows?Children's books are like dog food in that the purchasers are not the consumers,so the market(and the marketing)is inherently strange.
[E]For clues to the book's future,let's look at some examples of technological change and see what happened to the old technology.
[F]One technology replaces another only because the new technology is better,cheaper,or both.The greater the difference,the sooner and more thoroughly the new technology replaces the old.Printing with moveable type on paper dramatically reduced the cost of producing a book compared with the old-fashioned ones handwritten on vellum,which comes from sheepskin.A Bible—to be sure,a long book—required vellum made from 300 sheepskins and countless man-hours of labor.Before printing arrived,a Bible cost more than a middle-class house.There were perhaps 50,000 books in all of Europe in 1450.By 1500 there were 10 million.
[G]But while printing quickly caused the hand written book to die out，handwriting lingered on（继续存在）well into the 16th century.Very special books are still occasionally produced on vellum，but they are one-of-a-kind show pieces.
[H]Sometimes a new technology doesn't drive the old one out,but only parts of it while forcing the rest to evolve.The movies were widely predicted to drive live theater out of the marketplace,but they didn't,because theater turned out to have qualities movies could not reproduce.Equally,TV was supposed to replace movies but,again,did not.
[I]Movies did,however,fatally impact some parts of live theater.And while TV didn't kill movies,it did kill second-rate pictures,shorts,and cartoons.
[J]Nor did TV kill radio.Comedy and drama shows("Jack Benny""Amos and Andy""The Shadow")all migrated to television.But because you can't drive a car and watch television at the same time,rush hour became radio's prime,while music,talk,and news radio greatly enlarged their audiences.Radio is today a very different business than in the late 1940s and a much larger one.
[K]Sometimes old technology lingers for centuries because of its symbolic power.Mounted cavalry（骑兵）replaced the chariot（二轮战车）on the battlefield around 1000 BC.But chariots maintained their place in parades and triumphs right up until the end of the Roman Empire 1，500 years later.The sword hasn’t had a military function for a hundred years，but is still part of an officer’s full-dress uniform，precisely because a sword always symbolized“an officer and a gentleman.”
[L]Sometimes new technology is a little cranky（不稳定的）at first.Television repairman was a common occupation in the 1950s，for instance.And so the old technology remains as a backup.Steamships captured the North Atlantic passenger business from sail in the 1840s because of its much greater speed.But steamships didn’t lose their sails until the 1880s，because early marine engines had a nasty habit of breaking down.Until ships became large enough（and engines small enough）to mount two engines side by side，they needed to keep sails.（The high cost of steam and the lesser need for speed kept the majority of the world’s ocean freight moving by sail until the early years of the 20th century.）
[M]Then there is the fireplace.Central heating was present in every upper-and middle-class home by the second half of the 19th century.But functioning fireplaces remain to this day a powerful selling point in a house or apartment.I suspect the reason is a deep-rooted love of the fire.Fire was one of the earliest major technological advances for humankind,providing heat,protection,and cooked food(which is much easier to cat and digest).Human control of fire goes back far enough(over a million years)that evolution could have produced a genetic leaning towards fire as a central aspect of human life.
[N]Books—especially books the average person could afford—haven’t been around long enough to produce evolutionary change in humans.But they have a powerful hold on many people nonetheless，a hold extending far beyond their literary content.At their best，they are works of art and there is a tactile（触觉的）pleasure in books necessarily lost in e-book versions.The ability to quickly thumb through pages is also lost.And a room with books in it induces，at least in some，a feeling not dissimilar to that of a fire in the fireplace on a cold winter’s night.
[O]For these reasons I think physical books will have a longer existence as a commercial product than some currently predict.Like swords,books have symbolic power.Like fireplaces,they induce a sense of comfort and warmth.And,perhaps,similar to sails,they make a useful back-up for when the lights go out.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
46. Authors still published in printed versions will be considered important ones.
47. Some people are still in favor of printed books because of the sense of touch they can provide.
48. The radio business has changed greatly and now attracts more listeners.
49. Contrary to many people's prediction of its death,the film industry survived.
50. Remarkable changes have taken place in the book business.
51. Old technology sometimes continues to exist because of its reliability.
52. The increase of e-book sales will force the book business to make changes not seen for centuries.
53. A new technology is unlikely to take the place of an old one without a clear advantage.
54. Paperbacks of popular literature are more likely to be replaced by e-books.
55. A house with a fireplace has a stronger appeal to buyers.
Section C
Directions:There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.
The question of whether our government should promote science and technology or the liberal arts in higher education isn’t an either/or proposition（命题），although the current emphasis on preparing young Americans for STEM（science，technology，engineering，maths）-related fields can make it seem that way.
The latest congressional report acknowledges the critical importance of technical training，but also asserts that the study of the humanities（人文学科）and social sciences must remain central components of America’s educational system at all levels.Both are critical to producing citizens who can participate effectively in our democratic society，become innovative（创新的）leaders，and benefit from the spiritual enrichment that the reflection on the great ideas of mankind over time provides.
Parents and students who have invested heavily in higher education worry about graduates'job prospects as technological advances and changes in domestic and global markets transform professions in ways that reduce wages and cut jobs.Under these circumstances,it's natural to look for what may appear to be the most"practical"way out of the problem"Major in a subject designed to get you a job"seems the obvious answer to some,though this ignores the fact that many disciplines in the humanities characterized as"soft"often,in fact,lead to employment and success in the long run.Indeed,according to surveys,employers have expressed a preference for students who have received a broadly-based education that has taught them to write well,think critically,research creatively,and communicate easily.
Moreover,students should be prepared not just for their first job,but for their 4th and 5th jobs,as there's little reason to doubt that people entering the workforce today will be called upon to play many different roles over the course of their careers.The ones who will do the best in this new environment will be those whose educations have prepared them to be flexible.The ability to draw upon every available tool and insight—picked up from science,arts,and technology—to solve the problems of the future,and take advantage of the opportunities that present themselves,will be helpful to them and the United States.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
56. What does the latest congressional report suggest?
A)STEM-related subjects help students find jobs in the information society.
B)The humanities and STEM subjects should be given equal importance.
C)The liberal arts in higher education help enrich students'spiritual life.
D)Higher education should be adjusted to the practical needs of society.
57. What is the main concern of students when they choose a major?
A)Their interest in relevant subjects.
B)The academic value of the courses.
C)The quality of education to receive.
D)Their chances of getting a good job.
58. What does the author say about the so called soft subjects?
A)The benefit students in their future life.
B)They broaden students'range of interests.
C)They improve students'communication skills.
D)They are essential to students'healthy growth.
59. What kind of job applicants do employers look for?
A)Those who have a strong sense of responsibility.
B)Those who are good at solving practical problems.
C)Those who are likely to become innovative leaders.
D)Those who have received a well-rounded education.
60. What advice does the author give to college students?
A)Seize opportunities to tap their potential.
B)Try to take a variety of practical courses.
C)Prepare themselves for different job options.
D)Adopt a flexible approach to solving problems.
Passage Two
Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.
Energy independence.It has a nice ring to it.Doesn't it?If you think so,you're not alone,because energy independence has been the dream of American president for decades,and never more so than in the past few years,when the most recent oil price shock has been partly responsible for kicking off the great recession.
“Energy independence”and its rhetorical（修辞的）companion“energy security”are，however，slippery concepts that are rarely though through.What is it we want independence from，exactly？
Most people would probably say that they want to be independent from imported oil.But there are reasons that we buy all that old from elsewhere.
The first reason is that we need it to keep our economy running.Yes，there is a trickle（涓涓细流）of biofuel（生物燃料）available，and more may become available，but most biofuels cause economic waste and environmental destruction.
Second,Americans have basically decided that they don't really want to produce all their own oil.They value the environmental quality they preserve over their oil imports from abroad.Vast areas of the United States are off-limits to oil exploration and production in the name of environmental protection.To what extent are Americans really willing to endure the environmental impacts of domestic energy production in order to cut back imports?
Third,there are benefits to trade.It allows for economic efficiency,and when we buy things from places that have lower production costs than we do,we benefit.And although you don't read about this much,the United States is also a large exporter of oil products,selling about 2 million barrels of petroleum products per day to about 90 countries.
There is no question that the United States imports a great deal of energy and,in fact,relies on that steady flow to maintain its economy.When that flow is interrupted,we feel the pain in short supplies and higher prices,At the same time,we derive massive economic benefits when we buy the most affordable energy on the world market and when we engage in energy trade around the world.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
61. What does the author say about energy independence for America?
A)It sounds very attractive.C)It will bring oil prices down.
B)It ensures national security.D)It has long been everyone's dream.
62. What does the author think of biofuels?
A)They keep America's economy running healthily.
B)They prove to be a good alternative to petroleum.
C)They do not provide a sustainable energy supply.
D)They cause serious damage to the environment.
63. Why does America rely heavily on oil imports?
A)It wants to expand its storage of crude oil.
B)Its own oil reserves are quickly running out.
C)It wants to keep its own environment intact.
D)Its own oil production falls short of demand.
64. What does the author say about oil trade?
A)It proves profitable to both sides.C)It makes for economic prosperity.
B)It improves economic efficiency.D)It saves the cost of oil exploration.
65. What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?
A)To justify America's dependence on oil imports.
B)To arouse Americans'awareness of the energy crisis.
C)To stress the importance of energy conservation.
D)To explain the increase of international oil trade.
Part IV Translation(30 minutes)
Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
为了促进教育公平，中国已投入360亿元，用于改善农村地区教育设施和增强中西部地区农村义务教育（compulsory education）。这些资金用于改善教学设施、购买书籍，使16万多所中小学受益。资金还用于购置音乐和绘画器材。现在农村和山区的儿童可以与沿海城市的儿童一样上音乐和绘画课。一些为接受更好教育而转往城市上学的学生如今又回到了本地农村学校就读。
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
2014年6月大学英语四级考试答案详解
Part I Writing
【写作提示】
该篇是话题作文，背景信息是假设你的一位外国朋友来参观你的家乡，你最想带他/她去看的地方是哪里？为什么？该信息旨在让我们给外国朋友介绍中国的本土文化，写出地方特色。作文时注意几点：1.明确提出你要带他去的地方；2.说出关于这个地方的两三个值得去的点或者你曾有过的经历。
【写作范文】
The Most Beautiful Place in Xiamen
If a foreign friend of mine is coming to my hometown Xiamen,the most beautiful place I should recommend is Gulangyu.It's a small island located in the southwest to the Xiamen Island.Gulangyu is the hottest choice for tourists in Xiamen and it is famous for its beauty.
Why would I consider Gulangyu is the most beautiful place for the visitors?Actually,there are several reasons accounting for it.Firstly,you can enjoy the view of the sea,the golden beaches,and also the magnificent landscape covered by all kinds of plants.That is why the island is called"a garden on the sea".Also,various coffee bars and restaurants providing local cuisine and snacks will amaze you for sure.What is more,you can learn about the history of the city and arts after a trip to the historical sites and museums.
Personally,Gulangyu is my favorite place to go whenever I need to relax myself or have fun with friends.So I highly recommend this place to my dear foreign friend and I am sure he or she will fall in love with it at the first sight.
【中文翻译】
厦门最美丽的地方
如果我的外国朋友来到我的家乡厦门，我力荐厦门最美丽的地方——鼓浪屿。它是一个坐落于厦门西南的一座小岛。鼓浪屿是厦门最热门的旅游胜地，以它的美丽而著称。
为什么我认为鼓浪屿是最美丽的地方呢？事实上，有以下几个原因：首先，你可以享受到那美丽的海景，金色的沙滩，各种漂亮的植物，“海上花园”的美称因而得来。然后，在岛上的许多咖啡馆和餐馆，可品尝令人惊叹的佳肴和风味小吃。还有，还可以游览这里的历史古迹和博物馆，了解这座城市的历史。
就我个人而言，鼓浪屿是我放松身心或与朋友游玩时最喜欢去的地方。所以，我给外国朋友推荐这个地方，他或她会对它“一见钟情”的。
recommend v.推荐
locate v.位于，坐落于
tourist n.旅行者，观光客
account v.解释，说明
beach n.海滩，海滨
magnificent adj.壮丽的，华丽的
Part II Listening Comprehension
Section A
Now you'll hear two long conversations.
Conversation One
Conversation Two
Section B
Passage One
Passage Two
Passage Three
Section C
Among the kinds of social gestures most significant for second-language teachers are those which are(26)identical in form but different in meaning in the two cultures.For example,a Colombian who wants someone to(27)approach him often signals with a hand movement in which all the fingers of one hand,cupped,point downward as they move rapidly(28)back and forth.Speakers or English have a similar gesture through the hand may not be cupped and the fingers may be held more loosely,but for them the gesture means goodbye or go away,quite the(29)opposite of the Colombian gesture.Again,in Colombian,a speaker of English would have to know that when he(30)indicates height he most choose between different gestures depending on whether he is(31)referring to a human being or an animal.If he keeps the palm of the hand(32)parallel to the floor,as he would in his own culture when making known the height of a child,for example,he will very likely be greeted by laughter,in Colombia this gesture is(33)reserved for the description of animals.In order to describe human beings he should keep the palm of his hand(34)at the right angle to the floor.Substitutions of one gesture for the other often create not only humorous but also(35)embarrassing moment.In both of the examples above,speakers from two different cultures have the same gesture,physically,but its meaning differs sharply.
Part III Reading Comprehension
Section A
【了解文章大意】
本文讲述全球气候变暖的趋势越来越猛烈。地球变暖使不同地区的气候发生了变化，人们居住环境也相应变化。全球变暖有人为因素也有自然因素，一个地区同季节的气候也是时冷时暖，没有规律，给我们生活带来不可预测因素。
【文章难点词汇】
【译文划线解题】
根据全球气候条件越来越暖，全球气候变暖成为一个趋势。【36】全球变暖的一部分是自然因素，自从上个冰川期结束后，我们已经历了长达2万年的气候变暖时期，冰川不断融化。【37】然而，现在全球气候已达到了最小冰川期一样的气温水平，那么气候还持续变暖，说明气候变暖就不是自然形成的。我们正在促成一个在未来100年内气温将在1到6摄氏度的幅度升高。一些地区气候变暖将更明显，其他地区不明显，相反有的地方甚至变冷。同样地，气候变暖的影响在不同的地区是不一样的，海岸地区的人需担心海平面的上升，而西伯利亚和加拿大地区将比现在变得更宜居，将更受人们欢迎。
事实上，平均每个地方气候将可能变得越来越暖。科学家们一致认为全球变暖的部分原因是由人为因素导致的。一些科学家宣称我们所看到的气候是在无规律地变化，有些年份冷，有些年份热，最近只刚刚处于平常的温暖时期，但是面对将持续变暖的气候环境，我们无法做出解释。
【答案详解】
36.
【答案】I）melted
【题干】We have experienced a 20，000-year-long warming as the last ice age ended and the ice__________away.
【解析】本题定位到第一段第二句。原文整句说“Part of the warming is natural；we have experienced a 20，000-year-long warming as the last ice age ended and the ice away.”也就是说全球变暖的一部分是自然因素，自从上个冰川期结束后，我们已经历了长达2万年的气候变暖时期，冰川不断融化。本空需要填动词，且此空前面与之并列的动词ended用过去式，因此本空需要过去式。选项里有melted（融化）和resolved（决心），能与空前ice构成合理意思、且与空后away构成搭配的只有melted，表示“冰川融化”。故本题可填入melted。
37.
【答案】G）line
【题干】However，we have already reached temperatures that are in__________with other minimum-ice periods，so continued warming is likely not natural.
【解析】本题定位到第一段第三句。题干的意思是，现在全球气温已达到了与最小冰川期时一致的温度，那么气候还持续变暖，说明气候变暖就不是自然形成的。本空前面是介词，因此需要名词性成分，而且后面还有个介词with，选项里只有line符合搭配，形成词组in line with与……一致。该处意思是与其他最小冰川期时一致的温度。故本题可填入line。
38.
【答案】C）contributing
【题干】We are__________to a predicted worldwide increase in temperatures...
【解析】本题定位到第一段第三句。题干整句说“We are__________to a predicted worldwide increase in temperatures__________between 1℃and 6℃over the next 100 years.”也就是说我们正在促成一个在未来100年内气温将在1到6摄氏度的幅度升高。前句用完成时表示已经达到的状态，本句we are描述的则是正在发生的过程，需要动词的ing形式，且要考虑与空后的介词to构成搭配。选项里有appealing to（呼吁、上诉）、contributing to（促成、导致），ranging后不直接与介词to构成搭配。意思合理的只有contributing，为“我们正促成世界范围内气温的升高”。
39.
【答案】K）ranging
【题干】...increase in temperatures__________between 1℃ and 6℃ over the next 100 years.
【解析】本题定位到第一段第三句。题干整句说“We are__________to a predicted worldwide increase in temperatures__________between 1℃and 6℃over the next 100 years.”也就是说我们正在促成一个在未来100年内气温将在1到6摄氏度的幅度升高。本空前面是一个名词temperature温度，需要动词分词。而空后的between 1℃and 6℃明显是范围区间，选项中ranging的原形是range在……幅度内变化，符合题意。range between/from...and...在……之间变化，为常用搭配。故本题可填入ranging。
40.
【答案】D）dramatic
【题干】The warming will be more__________in some areas，less in others，and some places may even cool off.
【解析】本题定位到第一段第四句。题干整句意思是一些地区气候变暖将更明显，其他地区不明显，有的地方甚至变冷。这里描述的是气候变化的效果，“某些地方的气候变化会更加戏剧化”，后半句less in others和may even cool off说明不同地区的变化，也是暗示气候变化的突发及剧烈。而且从词组上看，be more后面应该跟一个形容词，选项有appealing（有吸引力的）、dramatic（戏剧性的、突发的）和sensible（明智的），所以明显dramatic符合题意。故本题可填入dramatic。
41.
【答案】F）impact
【题干】Likewise，the__________of this warming will be very different depending on where you are...
【解析】本题定位到第一段第五句。题干整句意思是同样地，气候变暖的影响在不同的地区是不一样的。从词组the__________of this warming结构看，本空需要填一个名词。选项里有average（平均）、impact（影响）和shock（震惊）。从后面提到的different depending on where you are可看出空处的单词意思是“影响”，意为“气候变暖的影响因所在地不同而不同”。故本题可填入impact。
42.
【答案】A）appealing
【题干】...coastal areas must worry about rising sea levels，while Siberia and northern Canada may become more habitable（宜居的）and__________for humans than these areas are now.
【解析】本题定位到第一段第五句。题干整句意思是海岸地区的人需担心海平面的上升，而西伯利亚和加拿大地区将比现在变得更宜居，更受人们欢迎。后半句的句子主干Siberia and northern Canada become habitable and__________than...，可知本空需填一个与habitable宜居的相并列的形容词，选项里面的appealing有吸引力的和sensible明智的，从它们的词义可看出appealing（有吸引力的），与题意相符。故本题可填入appealing。
43.
【答案】B）average
【题干】The fact remains，however，that it will likely get warmer，on__________，everywhere.
【解析】本题定位到第二段第一句。题干整句意思是事实上，平均每个地方气候将可能变得越来越暖。空前介词on提示了本空需要名词性成分与之构成搭配。备选的有average（平均）和shock（震惊）。这里意思更合理的是average，且on average是固定搭配意为“平均地”。故本题可填入average。
44.
【答案】H）maintain
【题干】Some scientists__________that the changes we are seeing fall within the range of random（无规律的）variation—some years are cold，others warm...
【解析】本题定位到第二段第三句。题干整句意思是一些科学家宣称我们所看到的气候变化是无规律的变化，有些年份冷，有些年份热。本空前面有个复数名词scientists（科学家们），所以本空应填上一个单数谓语动词，选项里有maintain（维持、坚称），persist（坚持）和shock（震惊）。但persist为不及物动词，而本空后有宾语从句；shock意思不合适并且一般后面接人。因此只能选maintain。意为“有些科学家坚称……”。
45.
【答案】L）recently
【题干】within the range of random（无规律的）variation—some years are cold，others warm，and we have just had an unremarkable string of warm years__________.
【解析】本题定位到第二段第三句。题干整句意思是我们所看到的气候变化是无规律的变化，有些年份冷，有些年份热，最近只刚刚处于平常的温暖时期。本空所在句子we have just had an unremarkable string of warm years__________.结构完整不缺成分，所以应该填一个副词。选项中有副词frequently（频繁地）和recently（最近地）。根据题干，这里讲“气候变化是无规律的，时冷时热，刚刚处于平常的温暖期。”所以本空应填副词recently（最近地）。故本题可填入recently。
Section B
【了解文章大意】
本文主要讲述在网络信息时代，印刷品书籍在市场上受到电子书的冲击，印刷品书籍的未来不容乐观。作者认为印刷品书籍会像其他旧的技术一样虽然被新技术所取代，但它依然有存在的价值，所以还会在很长一段时期内继续存在。
【文章难点词汇】
【译文划线解题】
纸质印刷书籍将终结？
[A]据目前全国最大的图书销售商亚马逊 5月19日称，现阶段电子书的销售量已经超过了纸质印刷书籍。【50】这是非同寻常的，毕竟电子书的出现大约才四年。电子书当前占国内图书销售量的14%，而且其销售增长速度比其他类型图书更快。电子书去年销售增长146%，精装书增长6%，而纸质书降低8%。
[B]难道这意味着纸质印刷书籍的末日吗？那肯定不会立即面临这个问题的，或许根本就不会。【52】这个意味着图书行业在未来10年将面临着变革或比自古腾堡于15世纪50年代改进活版印刷技术以来所经历的更深层次的变革。
[C]大众市场纸质书籍将越来越少。【54】大量纸质书籍近几年销售下降，很可能将在市场上消失，推理小说、恐怖小说、爱情小说等也不例外。这些书籍近几年内，除了少数个人或大众用来做收藏品外，很可能只会出版电子书版本了。而严肃性文学或小说的精装书和大众图书将延续更长时间。【46】这或许将成为坚持出版纸质书籍的作家的标志。
[D]至于儿童书籍，情况难以预料。儿童书籍就像狗粮一样，“买者不是消费者”，当然市场（或销售）情况本身就难以预料。
[E]关于图书的未来发展，让我们先来看一些技术变革的例子，以此来了解一下老技术的命运。
[F]【53】首先一项技术取代另一项技术，是因为新技术更好、更经济，或两者兼有。两者技术差异越大，那么新技术取代老技术就会更快更彻底。纸质活版印刷的书籍相比在羊皮纸上手写的书籍，降低了制造成本。比如一本手写的圣经，当然这是一本厚书，那么就需花费300张羊皮和难以计量的人力。在印刷技术发明之前，一本圣经价值超过中等阶级房子的价值。1450年，欧洲全部大约有5万本书。到了1500年，全欧洲一共有1000万本。
[G]印刷技术的出现很快让手写书籍绝迹，但手写书也一直延续到16世纪。特别的书还是以羊皮纸来制作，不过它们成为了观赏品。
[H]有时新技术并没有让老技术完全消失，而仅仅是让老技术丧失了一部分机能。【49】人们认为是电影把话剧挤出了市场，但是并没有，因为话剧具有电影不可代替的品质。同样，电视理应取代电影，但实际上并没有。
[I]然而，电影的确给一些现场话剧带来冲击。但是电视没有毁灭电影，而是冲击了二流影片，短片和卡通片。
[J]电视也没有毁灭广播电台。喜剧表演（《杰克·班尼》《阿摩斯和安迪》《阴影》）电台节目都搬上了电视。【48】因为不能同时边开车边看电视，所以电台广播成为交通高峰期节目主角，这时音乐、谈话、新闻等节目会让广播电台的听众猛增。今天广播电台的运作与20世纪40年代的相比，肯定大相径庭。
[K]有时候老技术由于它的象征性意义，能延续数百年。骑兵取代二轮战车大约是在公元前1000年。但是直到罗马帝国1500年，二轮战车在阅兵或凯旋归来时还有它的立足之地。百年来，刀剑虽然已经不是主要军事武器，但仍然是一名军官全副武装的一部分，准确地说，一把剑象征着“官职和身份”。
[L]有时新技术是不稳定的，比如，20世纪50年代，电视机老出毛病，使电视修理员成为大众职业，【51】所以，老技术还具有后备用途的。蒸汽船由于速度更快，在19世纪40年代成为北冰洋的主要海运交通工具。直到19世纪80年代，由于引擎易出故障的原因，蒸汽船失去了它的地位。后来船舶越来越大（引擎越来越小），船体两边足够容纳2台引擎，蒸汽船又投入到了海运当中（蒸汽船的高成本和速度需求的减少，世界大多数船舶用帆做动力，直到20世纪早期）。
[M]还有关于壁炉。到19世纪后半期，中央暖气系统出现在高层或中层家庭，【55】但是壁炉仍旧热卖，我认为那是由于人们热爱火的情怀。取火是人类的最初的进步技术之一，被用来取暖、自我保卫、做食物（易于进食与消化）。人类取火的历史可追溯到100多万年前，成为人类生活中代代相传的传统。
[N]书，尤其普通人购买的书，在人类历史中没有多大的变革性改变。【47】但是对于许多人来说书有很强的持握感，这种是它除了文字内容之外的另一种享受延伸。书籍最好的一面是它们也是艺术品，纸质书籍具有电子书所没有的触摸感。电子书没有手指划过纸间的那种感觉。另外满屋藏书可以给人奇妙的感觉，就像冬日寒夜，壁炉里温暖的火苗。
[O]基于以上原因，我认为纸质书籍将还有超出人们所预测的更长的商业价值。就像剑一样，书籍具有象征意义。就像壁炉一样，书籍给人带来一股舒畅和温暖之感。还有，或者就像船帆一样，当没有电源时，书籍还可具有后备用途。
【答案详解】
46.
【答案】C
【题干】Authors still published in printed versions will be considered important ones.
【解析】本题定位到C段最后一句。原文说到“Perhaps it will become the mark of an author to reckon with that he or she is still published in hard copy.”意思是：这或许成为仍旧出版纸质书籍的作家的标志。这句话中printed versions（纸质版本）对应hard copy（印刷版本），be considered important ones（被认为重要）对应become the mark...to reckon（认为是标志）。故C段短文与题干相匹配。
47.
【答案】N
【题干】Some people are still in favor of printed books because of the sense of touch they can provide.
【解析】本题定位到N段第二、三句。原文说到“But they have a powerful hold on many people nonetheless，a hold extending far beyond their literary content.At their best，they are works of art and there is a tactile（触觉的）pleasure in books necessarily lost in e-book versions.”意思是：但是对于许多人来说书有很强的持握感，这种是它除了文字内容之外的另一种享受延伸。书籍最好的一面是它们也是艺术品，具有电子书所没有的触摸感。其中have a powerful hold（有很强的持握感）与题干the sense of touch（触感）对应，pleasure（愉快，快乐）与题干in favor of（喜爱，喜欢）；故N段短文与题干相匹配。
48.
【答案】J
【题干】The radio business has changed greatly and now attracts more listeners.
【解析】本题定位到J段第三、四句。原文说到“But because you can’t drive a car and watch television at the same time，rush hour became radio’s prime，while music，talk，and news radio greatly enlarged their audiences.Radio is today a very different business than in the late 1940s and a much larger one.”意思是：因为不能同时边开车边看电视，电台广播成为交通高峰期节目主角，这时音乐、谈话、新闻等节目让广播电台的听众猛增。今天广播电台的运作与20世纪40年代时，肯定大相径庭。radio is today a very different business（电台有了非常不同的运作模式）与题干中the radio business has changed greatly相符，还有greatly enlarged their audiences（让广播电台的听众猛增）与题干now attracts more listeners部分相符。故J段短文与题干相匹配。
49.
【答案】H
【题干】Contrary to many people’s prediction of its death，the film industry survived.
【解析】本题定位到H段第二句。原文说到“The movies were widely predicted to drive live theater out of the marketplace，but they didn’t，because theater turned out to have qualities movies could not reproduce.”意思是：人们认为是电影把话剧挤出了市场，但是并没有，因为话剧具有电影不可代替的品质。原文中widely predicted对应题干中many people’s prediction（许多人预测）对应。故H段短文与题干相匹配。
50.
【答案】A
【题干】Remarkable changes have taken place in the book business.
【解析】本题定位到A段第二、三、四句。原文说到“That is remarkable，considering that the Kindle has only been around for four years.E-books now account for 14 percent of all book sales in the country and are increasing far faster than overall book sales.E-book sales are up 146 percent over last year，while hardback sales increased 6 percent and paperbacks decreased 8 percent.”意思是：那是非同寻常的，毕竟电子书的出现才大约四年。电子书当前占国内图书销售量的14%，而且其销售增长速度比其他类型图书更快。电子书去年销售增长146%，精装书增长6%，而纸质书降低8%。可看出，A段描述的是图书行业的变化（changes）。故A段短文与题干相匹配。
51.
【答案】L
【题干】Old technology sometimes continues to exist because of its reliability.
【解析】本题定位到L段第三句。原文说到“And so the old technology remains as a backup.”意思是：所以，老技术还具有后备用途的。continues to exist（继续存在）对应remain（保持），reliability（可靠）对应backup（支持、后盾）。L段第三句后面，用蒸汽船的例子来说明新技术不稳定，船帆被重新启用。故L段短文与题干相匹配。
52.
【答案】B
【题干】The increase of e-book sales will force the book business to make changes not seen for centuries.
【解析】本题定位到B段第三句。原文说到“What it does mean is that the book business will go through a transformation in the next decade or so more profound than any it has seen since Gutenberg introduced printing from moveable type in the 1450s.”意思是：这个意味着图书行业在未来10年将面临着变革或比自古腾堡于15世纪50年代改进活版印刷技术以来所经历的更深层次的变革。make changes（做出改变）对应go through a transformation（经历转变），not seen for centuries是对原文第三句后部分时间表达的概括。故B段短文与题干相匹配。
53.
【答案】F
【题干】A new technology is unlikely to take the place of an old one without a clear advantage.
【解析】本题定位到F段第一、二句。原文说到“One technology replaces another only because the new technology is better，cheaper，or both.The greater the difference，the sooner and more thoroughly the new technology replaces the old.”意思是：首先一项技术取代另一项技术，是因为新技术更好、更经济，或两者兼有。两者技术差异越大，新技术取代老技术就会更快更彻底。原文中better，cheaper or both就是a clear advantage（明显优势）的概括。replace（代替）对应take the place of（代替）。故F段短文与题干相匹配。
54.
【答案】C
【题干】Paperbacks of popular literature are more likely to be replaced by e-books.【解析】本题定位到C段第二句。原文说到“Mass market paperbacks，which have been declining for years anyway，will probably disappear，as will hardbacks for mysteries，thrillers，“romance fiction，”etc.Such books，which only rarely end up in permanent collections，either private or public，will probably only be available as e-books within a few years.”意思是：大量纸质书籍近几年销售下降，很可能将在市场上消失，推理小说、恐怖小说、爱情小说等也不例外。这些书籍近几年内，除了少数个人或大众用来做收藏品外，很可能只会出版电子书版本了。原文中mysteries，thrillers，“romance fiction，”指的是popular literature（大众文学）的类型。故C段短文与题干相匹配。
55.
【答案】M
【题干】A house with a fireplace has a stronger appeal to buyers.
【解析】本题定位到M段第三句。原文说到“But functioning fireplaces remain to this day a powerful selling point in a house or apartment.I suspect the reason is a deep-rooted love of the fire.Fire was one of the earliest major technological advances for humankind，providing heat，protection，and cooked food（which is much easier to eat and digest）.”意思是：但是壁炉仍旧热卖，我认为那是由于人们热爱火的情怀。取火是人类的最初的进步技术之一，被用来取暖、自我保卫、做食物（易于进食与消化）。原文中a powerful selling point（热卖点）对应题干中的a stronger appeal（很强吸引力）。故M段短文与题干相匹配。
Section C
Passage One【了解文章大意】
本文主要讲述美国的高等教育应该把理科和文科同等重视起来。文科对综合人才和创新人才的培养发挥重要作用，文理兼修的综合型人才很受市场欢迎，在职场中也很快能够得到提升。
【文章难点词汇】
【译文划线解题】
关于我们政府在高等教育问题上是否应促进科技方面还是文科方面，并不是一个非此即彼的命题，尽管当前的重点是让美国年轻人在科学、技术、工程、数学等相关领域做好准备，这看起来似乎有所侧重。
【56】最新国会报告承认了技术培养的重要性，但是也表明人文学科和社会学科在美国各级教育系统中的核心地位。这两个领域对培养公民有效参与我们的民主社会，使之成为创新的领军人物，受益于长期以来人类的精神财富和伟大思想，有着至关重要的意义。
【57】在高等教育方面大量投入的家长和学生们担心未来就业前景，科技进步及国内和全球市场变革可导致薪酬降低或职位削减。在这种情况下，对于一些人来说，答案显然就是如何切合实际地解决“主修什么专业保证有工作”的问题，【58】尽管这样忽视了文科“软”方面的训练，实际上，长期来说更有利于职场就业和成功。【59】确实，根据调查，招聘方更喜欢受过全方位教育的学生，在写作、思考、创新研究和沟通方面都非常优秀。
还有，学生不应该只为第一份工作做准备，应该为第四和第五份工作做准备，毫无疑问，当今的上班族在职业生涯中都会经历不同的职位。在这样的环境中脱颖而出的，就是那些受过多方面教育的人。能够利用可用资源和自己的洞察力来解决未来问题，抓好每个机遇，对受教育者和美国社会都是非常有帮助的。
56.
【答案】B
【题干】What does the latest congressional report suggest？
【解析】本题定位到第二段第一句。原文说“The latest congressional report acknowledges the critical importance of technical training，but also asserts that the study of the humanities（人文学科）and social sciences must remain central components of America’s educational system at all levels.”，意思是：最新国会报告承认了技术培养的重要性，但是也表明人文学科和社会学科在美国各级教育系统中的核心地位。acknowledge（承认）；component（组成部分）；说明科技学科和人文社会学科同等重要。故B项符合题意。
57.
【答案】D
【题干】What is the main concern of students when they choose a major？
【解析】本题定位到第三段。本段前两句：讲述了家长和学生们在为高等教育做出巨大投资之后所以担心的问题就是市场的变化可能会导致孩子们将来就业机会变少以及工资降低。并且根据这个大背景提出了一个公认的解决的办法，也就是由题干中的major定位到的本段第三句，“Major in a subject designed to get you a job”seems the obvious answer to some，...”意思是“选择一个为给你找到工作而设计的专业是大部分人认可大答案”。故D项符合题意。
58.
【答案】A
【题干】What does the author say about the so called soft subjects？
【解析】本题定位到第三段第二句。原文说“...though this ignores the fact that many disciplines in the humanities characterized as“soft”often，in fact，lead to employment and success in the long run.”，意思是：尽管这样忽视了文科“软”方面的训练，实际上，长期来说更有利于职场就业和成功。选项A中benefit与原文的lead to employment and success对应，in their future与原文的in the long run对应。故A项符合题意。
59.
【答案】D
【题干】What kind of job applicants do employers look for？
【解析】本题定位到第三段第三句。原文说“Indeed，according to surveys，employers have expressed a preference for students who have received a broadly-based education that has taught them to write well，think critically，research creatively，and communicate easily.”，意思是：确实，根据调查，招聘方更喜欢受过全方位教育的学生，在写作、思考、创新研究和沟通方面都非常优秀。preference偏爱。选项D中a well-rounded education（全面教育）与原文a broadly-based education（全方位教育）对应。与故D项符合题意。
60.
【答案】D
【题干】What advice does the author give to college students？
【解析】本题定位到第四段最后两句。原文说：“The ones who will do the best in this new environment will be those whose educations have prepared them to be flexible.The ability to draw upon every available tool and insight—picked up from science，arts，and technology—to solve the problems of the future，and take advantage of the opportunities that present themselves，will be helpful to them and the United States.”意思是：在这样的环境中脱颖而出的，就是那些受过多方面教育的人。能够利用可用资源和自己的洞察力来解决未来问题，抓好每个机遇，对受教育者和美国社会都是非常有帮助的。“have prepared them to be flexible”和“The ability to solve the problems of the future”“will be helpful to them”总结起来就是D项的表述，approach方法，途径。其他选项都是干扰项。故D项符合题意。
Passage Two
【了解文章大意】
本文主要讲述“能源独立”的问题，文章指出“能源独立”并没有给美国经济带来什么好处，然而从国外进口能源却能活跃美国经济。合理选择能源能让我们在能源贸易中受益。
【文章难点词汇】
【译文划线解题】
【61】能源独立。听起来不错，不是吗？如果你这么认为的话，那不只有你这么想，因为能源独立一直是美国总统几十年来的梦想，过去几年尤为明显，尤其当最近经济衰退冲击油价的时候。
“能源独立”和与之相伴的“能源安全”都是难以把握的概念。我们到底想从独立中得到什么？大多数人也许认为要从石油进口中获得独立。但是，我们可以从其他地方购买石油，有以下几个理由：
【65】第一个理由是我们需要能源来让经济活跃起来。【62】是的，生物燃料就像涓涓细流，可获得的生物燃料也许更多，但是会带来经济浪费和环境破坏。
第二个理由，【65】【63】美国决定不自己开采自己的石油资源。他们评估环境质量后来进口石油。美国的广大地区是禁止石油开采或生产的，以此保护环境。那么，美国能忍受多大程度的国内能源生产带来的环境影响，从而减少能源进口呢？
【65】第三个理由，能源独立有利于贸易。它促进经济效益，我们进口比低成本生产的能源，我们从中受益。尽管你没有意识到这点，美国也是一个成品石油出口大国，每天向约90个国家出口200万桶石油产品。
毫无疑问，【64】美国进口大量能源，实际上就依赖稳定的进口来维持经济。如果进口受阻，我们将遭受供应短缺和价格上涨，【65】同时，当我们从国际市场购买价格最合适的能源，并进行能源贸易，我们也获得大量的经济效益。
61.
【答案】A
【题干】What does the author say about energy independence for America？
【解析】本题定位到第一段。原文说“Energy independence.It has a nice ring to it.Doesn’t it？If you think so，you’re not alone，because energy independence has been the dream of American president for decades，and never more so than in the past few years，when the most recent oil price shock has been partly responsible for kicking off the great recession.”意思是：能源独立。听起来不错，不是吗？如果你这么认为的话，那不只有你这么想，因为能源独立一直是美国总统几十年来的梦想，过去几年非常明显，尤其当最近经济衰退冲击油价的时候。has a nice ring to sth.意思是“听起来不错”，原文has been the dream of American president for decades用总统的眼光来说明“能源独立”对美国的吸引力。故A项符合题意。
62.
【答案】D
【题干】What does the author think of biofuels？
【解析】本题定位到第四段第二句。原文说“Yes，there is a trickle（涓涓细流）of biofuel（生物燃料）available，and more may become available，but most biofuels cause economic waste and environmental destruction.”意思是：是的，生物燃料就像涓涓细流，可获得的生物燃料也许更多，但是会带来经济浪费和环境破坏。该句中but后面的强调才是作者对于biofuels的真正想法——causing economic waste and environmental destruction。选项中A、B选项均为正态度，与原文不符直接排除。原文中C选项为干扰选项，“可持续的能源供给”，文章未提及。故D项正确。
63.
【答案】C
【题干】Why does America rely heavily on oil imports？
【解析】本题定位到第五段。原文第一句说“Americans have basically decided that they don’t really want to produce all their own oil.”美国人不愿意自己产油，与题干中的“...America rely on heavily on oil imports”语义相同。下一句“They decided that they value the environmental quality they preserve over their oil imports from abroad.”相比从国外进口石油，美国人更看重环境质量，由此判断选项C“keep environment intact”符合题意。故C项正确。
64.
【答案】A
【题干】What does the author say about oil trade？
【解析】本题定位到第七段。根据原文可知“the United States imports a great of energy”，让能源输出国有利可图，而同时“At the same time”，美国本身也有自身利益——“we derive massive economic benefits...when we engage in energy trade around the world.”，选项A“It proves profitable to both sides”（双方赢利）正符合题意。B项It improves economic efficiency改善经济效益，不准确，原文说“allow for economic efficiency”（有经济效益的空间），能不能改善不一定，C项economic prosperity（经济繁荣）没有提及，D项“节省原油开采成本”与原文不符，原文未提及美国的原油生产成本。故A项正确。
65.
【答案】A
【题干】What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage？
【解析】本题定位到第四、五、六段句首，第七段。根据第四、五、六段句首原文可知文章主要讨论“America”的“energy independence”，而且作者从开头是为了反驳energy independence的主张而提出的三个理由，表明他主张import oil。第六段“At the same time，we derive massive economic benefits when we buy the most affordable energy on the world market and...when we engage in energy trade around the world.”同时，当我们从国际市场购买价格最合适的能源，并进行能源贸易，我们也获得大量的经济效益。进一步印证他的oil import的主张。故A项正确。
Part IV Translation
【翻译】为了促进教育公平，中国已投入360亿元，用于改善农村地区教育设施和加强中西部地区农村义务教育（compulsory education）。这些资金用于改善教学设施、购买书籍，使116万多所中小学受益。资金还用于购置音乐和绘画器材。现在农村和山区的儿童可以与沿海城市的儿童一样上音乐和绘画课。一些为接受更好教育而转往城市上学的学生如今又回到了本地农村学校就读。
【译文难点词汇】
【逐句翻译解析】
1.
【中文】为了促进教育公平，中国已投入360亿元，用于改善农村地区教育设施和加强中西部地区农村义务教育（compulsory education）。
【译英】In order to promote the justice in education，China has already invested 36 billion RMB，which is used to enhance the teaching facilities of the countryside and compulsory education of rural area of mid-west.
【解析】本题考查固定搭配。“为了……”常用词有in order to，例如：In order to be safe，you’d better turn off the power first.为了安全，你最好先关闭电源。还有词组for，for the sake of，by way of等。“已投入”这里应该用完成时have invested，have been used in，have been put into等等；“被用于”这样表达：be used to do sth.或be used for sth.
2.
【中文】这些资金用于改善教学设施、购买书籍，使116万多所中小学受益。
【译英】These funds can be used to improve the teaching aids and to purchase books，benefiting 16，000 middle schools and primary schools.
【解析】本题考查词汇。“资金”的英语表达是fund，money，capital，但capital通常指公司等盈利机构的“资金、资本”，用在这里不合适。“教学设施”可译成teaching aids，teaching facilities。“使……受益”可译成benefit，profit等，例如：So far the financial aid had profited the homeless.目前该资金援助让无家可归者受益。
3.
【中文】资金还用于购置音乐和绘画器材。
【译英】Furthermore，these funds can also be used to purchase instrument for music and paintings.
【解析】本题考查词汇。“此外，还有”的英语表达是furthermore，in addition，besides等。“购置”可用buy，purchase，其中purchase是常用于书面语。“音乐和绘画器材”译成instrument for music and painting或music and painting equipment等。
4.
【中文】现在农村和山区的儿童可以与沿海城市的儿童一样上音乐和绘画课。
【译英】Nowadays，children from countryside and mountain areas can enjoy music class and painting class like the children in coastal areas do.
【解析】本题考查固定搭配。“现在”的英语表达是now，nowadays，currently，at present等。“与……一样”可用the same as，like，as，as...as...。“上音乐和绘画课”译成have...class，take...lessons/courses等，这里译文里用enjoy music class and painting class更形象表现受援助学生的喜悦之情。“like the children in coastal areas do.”中的do是一个助动词，代替前面的动词词组“enjoy music class and painting class”。
5.
【中文】一些为接受更好教育而转往城市上学的学生如今又回到了本地农村学校就读。
【译英】Some students who were previously transferred to cities for better education now return to local areas to study.
【解析】本题考查固定搭配。“转往，调转”的英语表达是transfer to，turn to；“本地”常译成：local area，one’s locality；这里也可以用hometown故乡这个词来表示“本地”。
【译文范例】
In order to promote the justice in education,China has already invested 36 billion RMB,which is used to enhance the teaching facilities of the countryside and compulsory education of rural area of mid-west.These funds can be used to improve the teaching aids and to purchase books,benefiting 16,000 middle schools and primary schools.Furthermore,these funds can also be used to purchase instrument for music and paintings.Nowadays,children from countryside and mountain areas can enjoy music class and painting class like the children in coastal areas do.Some students who were previously transferred to cities for better education now return to local areas to study.