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Part 2
不但学习主词，还能同时记忆一系列学科相关单词，事半功倍。
托福听力取消了短对话，由2篇较长的校园情景对话和4篇课堂演讲组成。这两种的特点如下：
（1）长对话
长对话部分主要是校园生活中发生的情景，即同学之间，或师生之间关于生活和学习的对话。
（2）课堂演讲
这部分内容的题材主要集中在环保、地理、考古、历史、动物学、生物学和植物学等。
托福听力题目主要是4个选项的单选题，这种形式的题目占了大多数。此外，还有两种新题型也经常出现：
•多项选择题：从4个选项中选择2个正确答案(此时答题框会变成方块)；
•搭配题：将表格中的各项内容与所属类别进行搭配。
托福听力的题目类型主要分为以下几种：
•Basic Comprehension Questions 基本理解题
•Pragmatic Understanding Questions 情景理解题
•Connecting Information Questions 整合信息题
而这几种题目又可以这样细分：
Basic Comprehension Questions:
Gist-Content Questions 内容主旨题
Gist-Purpose Questions 目的主旨题
Detail 细节题
Pragmatic Understanding Questions:
Understanding the Function of What Is Said 句子功能题
Understanding the Speaker's Attitude 说话人态度题
Connecting Information Questions:
Understanding Organization 组织结构题
Connecting Content 连接内容题
Making Inferences 推论题
下面以几种常见的题型为例，帮助考生了解托福听力的题目特点：
对于考查对话目的的主旨题，要注意抓住关键的信息，而不仅仅是那些在对话中提到的内容。比如：
听力文本：
Narrator Listen to a conversation between a student and a library employee.
Student Excuse me, I received a letter that I am supposed to return a book that I checked out back in September. It's called Modern Social Problems. But I am writing my senior thesis, so I thought I was allowed to keep the book for the whole academic year.
Librarian So you signed up for extended borrowing privileges?
Student Yeah.
Librarian And we are still asking you to bring the book back?
Student Uh-huh. Do I really have to?
Librarian Well, let me check the computer. The title was…Modern Social Problems?
Student Yeah.
Librarian Eh…OK, yeah. It's been recalled. You can keep it all year as long as no one else requests it, but someone else has. It looks like one of the professors in the sociology department. So you have to bring it back. You can check it out again when it is returned in a couple of weeks.
解析：虽然文中提到了get extended borrowing privileges, 但是根据But I am writing my senior thesis, so I thought I was allowed to keep the book for the whole academic year.可以推断出，这名学生其实是想知道是否需要马上归还这本书，因此选B。
这类题目要求考生记住听力内容中的细节，而这类细节通常是比较重要的规定，或者对某个观点的支持。
这段内容的文本如下：
Librarian Do you have it with you?
Student Eh…no, it's in my dorm room. These are books I want to check out today. Is it OK if I bring that one by in a couple of days?
Librarian Actually, the due day is tomorrow. After that, there'll be a two dollar per day fine. But you need to return it today if you want to check out any books today. That's our policy.
Student Oh, I see.
Librarian Yeah, not a lot of people realize that. In fact, every semester we get a few students who would have their borrowing privileges suspended completely because they haven't returned books. They are allowed to use books only in the library. They are not allowed to check anything out because of unreturned books.
Student That's not good. I guess I should head back to the dorm right now.
解析：这部分是图书管理员对学生的忠告，根据They are allowed to use books only in the library. They are not allowed to check anything out because of unreturned books这句话，可以知道图书管理员是要告诉这名读者如果没有及时还书会造成什么样的后果。因此选C。
句子功能题主要考查学生是否理解某一句话的功能，这类题通常需要重听一段话后回答。
Narrator Listen to a conversation between a student and a library employee.
Student Excuse me, I received a letter that I am supposed to return a book that I checked out back in September. It's called Modern Social Problems. But I am writing my senior thesis, so I thought I was allowed to keep the book for the whole academic year.
Librarian So you signed up for extended borrowing privileges?
Student Yeah.
Question: Why does the woman say this?
解析：在这段对话中，学生提到自己借阅的一本图书过期了，但是因为仍然需要，所以没有归还。因此，管理员这样询问是想知道，这是否是学生前来的目的。故A正确。
在做推论题的时候，考生要注意文中特定的细节。一般情况下，这种细节可能是旁敲侧击的，而正确选项或许并不包含原文中使用的语句。
Student That's not good. I guess I should head back to the dorm right now.
Librarian But before you go, what you should do is to fill out a form requesting the book back in two weeks. Then the person who requested it won't be able to renew it. You'll get it back quickly.
Student I'll do that right now.
解析：从what you should do is to fill out a form requesting the book back in two weeks. Then the person who requested it won't be able to renew it.这句话可以推断出：学生可以要求两周内归还图书，因此他不用担心马上还书的事情。所以本题选D。
在对托福听力的题目有了一定了解之后，如果能掌握一些听力技巧，那么取得高分的把握就更大了。
通过对题目进行研究之后，我们总结了几条必备的听力技巧，这些技巧有助于掌握材料细节，理解文章主旨：
在考试中，要特别注意说话人经常重复的关键词和概念。如果反复听到同一项内容，而这项内容同时也在选项中出现，那么它很有可能就是正确答案。
托福听力中的长对话和课堂演讲主要考查考生是否具备在美国留学的能力，对语篇整体的理解、分析能力要求较高。所以，在托福听力中，能够把握语篇的总体思想、抓住语篇主旨才是最重要的。
听力文章中出现的表示原因和转折的逻辑关系经常成为考点，而相关的关系词往往都是十分重要的信号词。当听到表示原因的关键词(如because, the reason of, since…)或者表示转折的关键词(如but, however, despite of)等时，考生都要特别注意，因为答案通常会在这些单词后面的句子中出现。
回答单选题时，尽量使用排除法去掉那些明显不正确的答案，比如：
•不相关的回答；
•以偏概全的叙述；
•太笼统或太具体的说法；
•不准确的表达。
在做笔记的时候要注意只需记下重点的术语和观点，其他无用的信息无需浪费时间去记，以免耽误听录音。
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