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UNIT 03

0225

cool down/off 冷却;(使)平静;镇静下来

cool down/off 不用于被动语态。

It took her a long time to cool down after the argument. 争论过后好久,她才得以平静下来。

calm down (使)平静下来;(使)镇定下来

0226

correspond to 符合;一致;相当于;类似于

作“符合;一致”讲时,相当于correspond with。

Her expenses do not correspond to her income. 她的收入与支出不相称。

correspond with 与……通信;符合;一致

0227

count on/upon 依靠;指望

You can count on me to help you any time. 在任何时候,你都可以依赖我的帮助。

depend on/upon 依靠;依赖

0228

cross out 删除(错字);割掉

I crossed out the mistakes in my sentence. 我把句子中的错误划掉了。

cross off (从名单或清单上)划掉;删掉

0229

crowd in (想法,问题等)涌上心头;(使)涌入

Old memories crowded in on me when I saw the picture. 我看到这张照片时件件往事涌上心头。

crowd out 挤出;排挤

0230

cry out 呼喊;呼叫

The drowning child was crying out for help. 溺水的孩子正在大声呼救。

cry out in fear/alarm/pain 害怕/惊慌/疼痛地大喊起来

cry one’s heart out 悲痛欲绝

0231

cut across 抄近路穿过

In order not to be late, she cut across the fields. 为了不迟到,她抄近路穿过田野。

cut back on 大量削减

cut down 减少;砍倒

cut in 插嘴;超车;拦截

cut into 把……分成几块;打断

cut off 切断;断绝;砍掉

cut out 剪下;删掉

cut through 抄近路穿过;刺穿

cut up 切碎

My uncle hasn’t been able to quit smoking, but at least he has ______.(陕西高考)

A. cut out

B. cut down

C. cut up

D. cut off

选B。句意:我叔叔一直没能把烟戒掉,但是至少他抽烟少了。cut out意为“剪下;删掉”;cut down意为“减少;砍倒”;cut up意为“切碎”;cut off意为“切断;断绝;砍掉”。根据句意本题应选B。

0232

dance to 伴着……跳舞

I like to dance to the rhythm of this music. 我喜欢随着这音乐的节奏跳舞。

0233

dare to 敢于

该短语中to为不定式标志,后面接动词原形。

He did not dare to leave his car there. 他不敢把车停放在那里。

0234

date from 起源于;追溯到

不能用于被动语态,常与一般现在时连用。

This custom dates from the 19th century. 早在19世纪就有了这种风俗。

date back to 追溯到;始于;起源于

0235

day after day 日复一日;天天

强调动作的重复,暗含时间长久,略带贬义。

He was doing the same thing day after day. 他天天做同样的事。

day and night 日夜;昼夜;整天

day by day 一天天地;渐渐地;慢慢地

day in, day out 一天接一天地;日复一日

from day to day 天天,每天

0236

deal with 处理;安排;对付

He was a difficult man to deal with. 他是个很难对付的人。

deal with:常与how连用,表示“对付”、“论述”、“涉及”等。

do with:常用what进行提问,表示“处置”、“相处”、“有关”等。

cope with 处理;应付

0237

debate on/about 关于……的争论

重在表现“辩论”双方以陈述理由和反驳对方论点为主要手段,强调你来我往的交锋与舌战。

We held a heated debate on the question till late into the night. 我们就这个问题辩论到深夜。

0238

decide on/upon 对……做出决定;选定

Don’t decide on important matters too quickly. 不要过于匆忙地对重要的事情做出决定。

determination to do sth. 做某事的决心

0239

declare against 表示反对、不赞成

不用于被动结构中。

The commission declared against the proposed scheme. 委员会表示反对所提的计划。

declare for 表示赞成

declare war on/against 向……宣战

0240

dedicate… to… 把……献给

dedicate后可接表示时间、精力等名词,或接代词或动名词。

He dedicated his life to science. 他毕生致力于科学事业。

0241

defend… against/from… 保护……以免受;防御

Our duty is to defend the country against its enemies. 我们的职责是保卫国家,使其不受敌人侵犯。

protect... from... 保护……不受……

0242

depend on/upon 依靠;依赖;根据……而定,取决于

He depended on his writing for his income. 他靠写作谋生。

rely/count on 依赖;依靠;指望;期待

0243

deposit… in… 将……存入;把……寄存在

He deposits a sum of money in the bank each month. 他每月在银行存一笔钱。/Guests may deposit their valuables in the hotel safe. 客人可以把贵重物品放在宾馆的保险柜里。

0244

descend from 从……下来;起源于;遗传自

I descend from a large family of Dutch traders. 我是一个荷兰商人大家族的后裔。

be descended from sb. 是某人的后裔

pass down to 把……传给

0245

describe… as… 把……描述为

They described her as a beauty. 他们说她是美女。

0246

develop into 发展成为

The small port has developed into a big city. 这座小港口已发展成为一个大城市。

develop a taste for 培养对……的爱好

develop a habit of 培养……的习惯

develop an interest in 培养对……的兴趣

0247

devote… to… 专心;致力于;献身于;为……付出

devote后可接表示某人自己、经历或生命等的词汇;to为介词,后接名词、代词或动名词。

You may devote your full attention to enjoying your trip. 你可以全身心地享受这一旅程。/After he graduated, he continued to devote himself to the research. 毕业以后,他继续潜心于这项研究。

0248

die away 减弱;逐渐消失

主要指声音、风或光线等减弱,逐渐消失;强调结果,不用于被动语态。

The thunder and lightning died away in heavy rain. 雷电在暴雨中渐渐减弱了。

die down 逐渐平息;逐渐消失

die for 为……而献身

die from/of 死于;因……而死

die out 逐渐消亡;(风)平息;(火)熄灭

0249

differ from 与……不同;不同于

Our tastes differ from each other. 我们的嗜好彼此不同。

be different from 与……不同;不同于

differ in 在……方面不同

0250

dig into 挖掘;刻苦钻研;深入调查

作“挖掘”讲时不用被动语态。

He is digging into Chinese history. 他正在钻研中国历史。

dig out 挖掘出;找出

dig up 挖掘出;揭露出

0251

distinguish between… and… 辨别……和……

It is certainly important to distinguish between right and wrong. 明辨是非当然要紧。

distinguish... from... 把……区别于……

tell... apart 区分开

0252

dive into 迅速把手伸进;跳入;突然跑进

I saw a rabbit dive into its hole. 我看见一只兔子钻进洞。

0253

divide… into… 把……分成……

Divide the apples into quarters. 把这些苹果都分成四瓣。

divide... into...:强调把整体分成个体。

separate... from...:强调把松散的东西分开,或使……与相脱离……。

divide up 分割;均分

0254

do away with 废除;去掉

They decided to do away with the rule. 他们决定废除这条规则。

do harm to 对……有害

do/try one’s best 尽力;竭力

do one’s homework 做家庭作业

do research on 做关于……的研究

do sb. a favour 帮某人的忙

do some cleaning 打扫卫生;大扫除

do up 包扎;捆;打扮;梳理头发

do with 处理;安排;有关系

0255

do harm to 对……有害

These bad habits can do harm to your health. 这些坏习惯可能对你的健康有害。

do a good deed/do good deeds 做好事

do good to 对……有好处;对……有用处

Many lifestyle patterns do such _____ great harm to health that they actually speed up _____ weakening of the human body.(浙江高考)

A. a; /

B. /; the

C. a; the

D. /; /

选B。第一个空格中的do harm to为固定搭配,意为“对……有害”,中间不用冠词,第二个空格后由于有of引导的后置定语,所以weakening前加the予以限定。

0256

do without 没有……也行;宁愿不要

We can do without your help. 没有你们的帮助我们也可以做。

—Forgotten something? I can keep an eye on your kids if you want to go and get it.

—______. Thank you all the same.(重庆高考)

A. It’s very kind of you.

B. Oh, how careless of me!

C. I might as well go and get it.

D. Well, I can do without it.

选D。句意:——忘了东西了吗?如果你想去取的话我可以帮你看孩子。——哦,没有也行。还是要谢谢你。根据后面的Thank you all the same.可以推断第二个人拒绝了对方的好意,故选D;A项的“你真好!”以及B项的“哦,我太粗心了。”和C项的“我最好去取。”都与拒绝对方的好意不一致。

0257

donate… to… 把……捐赠给;把……捐献给

The company has donated large sums of money to relief organizations. 这家公司向救济组织捐了巨款。

0258

dozens of 许多,很多

当dozen前有具体的数字或many,several等修饰时,dozen后面不加-s,而且此时不与of连用。

We have dozens of things to do now. 我们现在有很多事情要做。

0259

draw a conclusion 得出结论

They drew a conclusion from the facts. 他们从这些事实中得出了一个结论。

reach/come to/arrive at a conclusion 得出结论;达成共识

0260

draw in (白昼)变短;使卷入

作“使卷入”讲时,一般用于被动语态。

The days begin to draw in when November comes. 11月来临时,白昼开始变短。

draw on/upon 使用,利用,运用

draw one’s attention 吸引某人的注意力

draw up(车辆到达某处)停下;拟定;起草

0261

dream about/of 梦见;想象;梦想

后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。

Many boys dream about becoming a pilot. 许多男孩梦想成为飞行员。

0262

dress up 盛装;打扮;装饰

dress后不能接表示“衣服”类的词作宾语。

She likes to dress up for a party. 她喜欢把自己打扮得漂漂亮亮去参加晚会。

dress sb. up 给某人穿衣服

0263

drop away 逐渐下降;渐渐远去

Sales have dropped away in recent months. 近几个月来销售量逐渐下降了。

drop by/over 顺便拜访

drop in 顺便拜访;顺便进入

drop off 让……下车;卸下;睡着

0264

drop out (of) 不再参加;退出;辍学

He got a scholarship to Harvard but dropped out a year later. 他得到了哈佛大学的奖学金,但一年以后他就退学了。

0265

dry out 变干;干透;弄干

The wet clothes will soon dry out in the sun. 这些湿衣服晒在太阳下很快就会干的。

dry sb. out 使某人戒酒瘾 dry up 干涸;擦干

0266

due to 由于;因为

常接造成不好结果的原因。

Some students dropped out due to poverty. 一些学生因贫困而辍学。

0267

each other 互相

each other和one another均不可作主语。

We should always help each other. 我们应始终互相帮助。

同义短语:one another

0268

earn a/one’s living 谋生

It is wrong to earn a living by cheating. 靠欺诈来谋生是错误的。

同义短语:make a/one’s living

0269

ease off 减轻;减缓;缓和

The weather forecast says the storm will ease off at midnight. 气象预报称,这场暴风雨午夜将逐渐减弱。

ease up 减缓;减慢;放松

0270

eat one’s words 承认自己说错话;收回前言

What he said proved wrong, so he had to eat his words. 事实证明他说错了,所以他只好收回前言。

break one’s promise 说话不算数;食言

0271

eat up 吃光

She’s made a cake and wants us to help eat it up. 她制作了一块蛋糕,想让我们帮她一起吃完。

0272

either… or… 或者……或者;不是……就是……

表示两者之一,连接两个主语时,谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致。

Either you or he has made the mistake. 不是你,就是他弄错了。

neither... nor... 既不……也不……

0273

end up with 结束;以……告终

Anyone who swims in the river could end up with a nasty stomach upset. 在这条河里游泳的人,无论是谁都可能会遭遇肠胃不适的状况。

end up doing 结果、最终做了 end up as 最终成为

end in 以……作为结果或结论

Smell the flowers before you go to sleep, and you may just ______ sweet dreams.(江西高考)

A. keep up with

B. put up with

C. end up with

D. catch up with

选C。句意:睡觉之前闻一闻花香,你可能就会做甜美的梦。keep up with意为“跟上”; put up with 意为“忍受, 容忍”; end up with 意为“以……结束”; catch up with意为“赶上”。根据句意应选C。

0274

enjoy oneself 过得快乐;玩得开心

I hope you enjoy yourself this evening. 我希望你今晚过得愉快。

0275

enter for 报名参加

He decided not to enter for the race. 他决定不报名参加比赛。

0276

even as 恰巧在……的时候;正当

Even as he shouted the warning the car skidded. 就在他高喊注意的时候,汽车滑动了。

even now 即使到这时;恰恰在这时(当其意为“恰恰在这时”时,只能用于进行时态)

even so 即使如此;尽管这样

0277

even if/though 即使,虽然

Even if I disagree with him, I still respect his opinions. 即使我不赞同他的观点,我仍然尊重他的意见。

—Look at those clouds!

—Don’t worry. _____ it rains, we’ll still have a great time.(北京高考)

A. Even if

B. As though

C. In case

D. If only

选A。句意:——看看那些乌云!——别担心。即使下雨,我们仍然会玩得很开心。even if意为“即使,虽然”;as though意为“好像,仿佛”;in case意为“万一,以防”;if only意为“要是……就好了”,根据句意,本题应选A。

0278

ever since 自从

后面可接表示时间的名词或从句;引导的从句要用一般过去时,主句用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。

We’ve been friends ever since we met at school. 自从我们在学校相见之后,我们就一直是好朋友。

0279

every now and then/again 时而;偶尔,有时

She comes to visit us every now and then. 她时常来看望我们。

from time to time 不时;有时 every so often 偶尔;有时;不时

0280

every other 每隔一个

相当于“every+two+可数名词复数”或“every second+可数名词单数”。

They visit us every other week. 他们每隔一周来看望我们。

0281

except for 除……之外

She felt fine except for being a little tired. 除了有点累之外,她感觉很好。

except for:用于表示总体上肯定,而局部上加以否定。

besides:意为“除了……还有”,被排除的部分也包含在内。

except:指在同类的整体中除去一部分,不包含在整体中。

0282

exist in 存在于……中

The word doesn’t exist in English. 英语中没有这个单词。

exist on 靠……活下去;靠……生活

0283

expose… to… 将……暴露于……;使……显露于……

Do not expose babies to strong sunlight. 不要将婴儿暴露于强烈的阳光下。

be exposed to 暴露于

0284

face to face 面对面地

His ambition was to meet his favorite pop star face to face. 他心里向往的是要面对面地见见他最喜爱的流行歌星。

face-to-face:为形容词性短语,意为“面对面的”。

face to face:相当于副词。

0285

fade away(指人)散开;死亡

The crowd just faded away. 人群刚刚散去。/ The old woman is fading away. 这位老妇人已奄奄一息。

fade away:暗含“最后消失,不存在了”的意思。

fade out:意为“淡出;渐弱”,指声音、画面等逐渐变弱、消退,但是仍然存在。如:With the coming of the dawn, the stars faded out from the sky. 随着黎明的到来,天上的星星渐渐消失了。

0286

fall in love with 爱上,喜欢上

Americans will fall in love with this game too. 美国人也会爱上这种运动。

fall in love with:表示“爱上,喜欢上”,强调动作。

be in love with:表示“热恋着;喜爱”,强调状态。如:They’ve been in love with one another for years. 他们已经相爱多年了。

0287

fall over 跌倒;被……绊倒;倒下

Lucy fell over a stone and twisted her ankle. 露西被石头绊倒,扭伤了脚踝。

0288

fall behind 落后于

Study hard, or you will fall behind the others. 要努力学习,否则你就会落后于别人。

0289

far from 远离;远非

The story happened in a village far from the city. 故事发生在远离城市的一个小村庄里。/It is far from the truth. 这与事实相去甚远。

So far we have done a lot to build a low-carbon economy, but it is ______ ideal. We have to work still harder.(江苏高考)

A. next to

B. far from

C. out of

D. due to

选B。句意:到目前为止,我们已经作出了很大的努力,以建立低碳经济,但是远不够理想,我们必须更加努力。next to 意为“仅次于”;far from 意为“远非”; out of意为“在……之外”;due to意为“因为,由于”。此处far from符合题意,为答案。

0290

far too 极其,非常

This English poem is far too hard to translate. 这首英文诗非常难译。

0291

feed on 以……为食

Owls feed on mice and other small animals. 猫头鹰以老鼠和其他小动物为食。

feed... on... 意为“用……喂养……”,如:

We always feed our cows on fresh grass. 我们总是用新鲜的草喂奶牛。

Butterflies ______ a sweet liquid produced by flowers, which bees and other insects collect.(湖北高考)

A. carry on

B. feed on

C. put on

D. focus on

选B。句意:蝴蝶以花蜜为食,蜜蜂和其他昆虫也采集花蜜。carry on意为“继续;开展,从事”;feed on 意为“以……为食”;put on意为“穿上;上演”;focus on意为“集中注意力于”,根据句意应选B。

0292

feel like 想要;摸起来像

作“想要”解时,后面要跟名词、代词或动名词。

Do you feel like going to a movie? 你想看电影吗?

feel like:意为“想要”,后面需接名词、代词或动名词。

would like:意思也是“想要”,但后面要跟名词或动词不定式,即would like sth.或would like to do sth.。

It’s quite hot today. Do you feel like ______ for a swim?(陕西高考)

A. to go

B. going

C. go

D. having gone

选B。句意:今天十分炎热,你想去游泳吗?feel like后跟非谓语动词作宾语时,需用动名词形式,故本题应选B。

0293

feel one’s way 摸索着走

He felt his way across the room when the lights went out. 当灯熄灭时他摸索着走过房间。

0294

figure out 算出;想出;解决;理解

It didn’t take the children long to figure out the correct answer. 孩子们没有花很多时间就算出了正确的答案。/I can’t figure out why he is absent. 我弄不明白他为什么缺席。

0295

fill in 填写,填充

Will you fill in this application form? 你能填一下这张申请表吗?

fill out 也有“填写,填充”的意思,是美式英语。

0296

find out 找出,查明

We shall find out the truth early or late. 我们迟早会查明真相。

find out:一般指经过研究、探寻之后得出结果。

find:强调“寻找”的结果。

look for:强调“寻找”的动作,不强调结果。

—I hope to take the computer course.

—Good idea. ______ more about it, visit this website.(四川高考)

A. To find out

B. Finding out

C. To be finding out

D. Having found out

选A。此处动词不定式位于句首作目的状语,意为“为了”,语境为:好主意,要了解更多信息,查询一下这个网站吧,故本题应选A。

0297

first of all 首先;最初;首要

通常位于句首,用于引出下文。

First of all, let me tell you the news. 首先,让我告诉你这个消息。

for a start 首先

0298

fix on/upon 固定;决定要某人或某事物;选定,确定;凝视

We’ve not fixed on the date yet for the next meeting. 我们还没定下次会议的日期。

fix one’s eyes on 凝视,盯着看

fix one’s attention/mind on 集中注意力于

0299

focus on/upon 聚焦于,集中于

The noise made it hard for me to focus on my work. 噪音让我无法集中注意力工作。

concentrate on/upon 集中于,专心于

0300

for free 免费

These pictures can be kept for free. You may take whichever you like. 这些画可免费拥有。你喜欢哪一幅就拿哪一幅。

同义短语:free of charge和for nothing

0301

for sale 待售

We have many types of cosmetics for sale. 我们有许多种化妆品待售。

on sale 意为“廉价出售”,如:

Is this toothpaste on sale today? 这种牙膏今天打折吗?

0302

for sure 肯定,毫无疑问地

I think he lives there but I couldn’t say for sure. 我想他是住在那里的,但我不敢肯定。

表示“肯定,确定”时,也可以用for certain。

—Are you going to take part in the speech contest?

—______ It’s too good an opportunity to miss.(重庆高考)

A. No problem!

B. That’s for sure.

C. Why me?

D. Why bother?

选B。根据后面的回答“这个机会太好了,绝对不能错过”,可知答话者一定会去。No problem! 意为“没问题!”;That’s for sure. 意为“那是肯定的。”;Why me? 意为“为什么是我?”;Why bother? 意为“何必呢?”,根据语境,此处应选B。

0303

for the time being 暂时,目前

For the time being, we will have to use this tool. 就目前来说,我们将不得不使用这一工具。

0304

free from 使不受……,免于

It was once a beautiful city free from pollution. 过去这是一座美丽而无污染的城市。

0305

from time to time 有时,不时

The temper gets the best of him from time to time. 他有时控制不住自己的脾气。

同义短语:every now and then 和at times

0306

get across 通过;被理解,把……讲清楚

It took me an hour to get across my intention to her. 我花了一个小时的时间才使她明白我的意图。

0307

get along/on (with) 与……相处;进展

How are you getting along with your English? 你的英语学得怎样了?/How are you getting along with your classmates? 你和班上同学相处得如何?

0308

get away from 摆脱,逃离

I’m tired of traveling in and out to work every day in the rush hour; I’d like to buy a cottage in the country and get away from it. 我厌烦每天高峰时间来回上下班,我想在农村购置一座小屋,以远离闹市生活。

0309

get away with 不因某事受惩罚;偷携某物潜逃

Don’t think you can get away with telling lies. 不要以为你撒了谎就可以这样算了。

0310

get down to 开始着手(做某事)

That’s enough fun and games! Let’s get down to work. 别再玩儿了! 咱们安下心来工作吧。

Anyway, we’re here now, so let’s ______ some serious work.(江西高考)

A. come up with

B. get down to

C. do away with

D. live up to

选B。句意:不管怎么说,我们现在在这儿,因此让我们着手认真做事吧。come up with意为“想出”;get down to意为“开始着手做”;do away with意为“废除”;live up to意为“实行,不辜负”。根据句意,本题应选B。

EXERCISE

1.The doctor told me to take the medicine ______.

A. every fourth hours

B. each fourth hour

C. each four hours

D. every four hours

2.The old man was the only person on the spot, so the policeman asked him to ______ the facts as he remembered them.

A. set up

B. set down

C. dig out

D. keep out

3.The moth’s habitat is being destroyed and it has nearly ______.

A. died out

B. died away

C. died from

D. died of

4.We’ll try to get as close as possible to the animals, ______ they’re dangerous, ______ we can take some really good photographs.

A. so that; as if

B. as if; even though

C. even though; so that

D. though; as if

5.One of his fingers was ______ in the accident.

A. broken in

B. cut off

C. hung up

D. put down

6.The final examination is coming up soon. It’s time for us to ______ our studies.

A. get down to

B. get out

C. get back for

D. get over

7.Mrs. Smith is a boss, ______ company my uncle is devoted.

A. to whom

B. to whose

C. whose

D. of which

8.It’s a small town. You can never dream ______ shopping after 5 o’clock in the evening. Which of the following is wrong?

A. about doing

B. about

C. of doing

D. to doing

9.All these services are available to the public ______. You don’t need to pay any.

A. for sure

B. for sale

C. for free

D. for the time being

10.The crabs come closer to shore at this time of year, Child said, where they ______ the seaweed.

A. fill in

B. feed on

C. face to face

D. end up with

11.I’m planning to hold a party in the open air, but I can make no guarantees because it ______ the weather.

A. links with

B. depends on

C. connects to

D. decides on

12.His mother had thought it would be good for him to ______ from home and earn some money on his own.

A. run away

B. take away

C. keep away

D. get away

13.Readers can ______ quite well without knowing the exact meaning of each word.

A. get over

B. get in

C. get along

D. get through

14.The class ______ seven groups, each having eight students.

A. divides into

B. is divided into

C. separates from

D. is separated from

15.Poor Tom fell ______ the ladder ______ the ground.

A. off; into

B. down; into

C. down; onto

D. off; onto

16.The child should be punished. You shouldn’t let him ______ telling lies.

A. keep away from

B. keep away with

C. get away from

D. get away with

17.I looked at my watch ______ to make sure I’m not late for my date.

A. from time to time

B. in tme

C. on time

D. at the same time

18.Do you feel like ______ now?

A. having something to eat

B. having something eating

C. to have something eaten

D. to have something eating

19.Either you or one of your students ______ to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.

A. are

B. is

C. have

D. be

20.—How long do you know they have ______ with each other?

—About half a year. He ______ with her at first sight.

A. been in love; fell in love

B. fallen in love; fell in love

C. been in love; was in love

D. fallen in love; was in love

答案

01-05 DCACB

06-10 ABDCB

11-15 BDCBD

16-20 DAABA TkcT7OH9ux4fcINP7b4PNeQqmWnVn2qH3yLzsIa32/sSAYt5HEPTwA7/moVk30a9

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